Identifier | Subject | Date | Office | Classification | Tags |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
00HARARE2953 |
MINISTER OF STATE TELLS AMBASSADOR POLITICAL [...] (C) SUMMARY: MINISTER OF STATE IN THE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT RESPONSIBLE FOR INDIGENIZATION (BLACK ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT), CEPHAS MSIPA, TOLD AMBASSADOR MCDONALD JUNE 1 THAT ZANU-PF'S PARLIAMENTARY ELECTION STRATEGY IS TO USE THE "WAR VETERANS" TO INTIMIDATE THE PUBLIC INTO SUPPORTING THE RUL [...] |
2000-06-02 10:52:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM KDEM EAGR PINR ZI ZANU PF |
00HARARE3482 |
EU INTERIM REPORT ON ELECTIONS TAKES A TOUGH STANCE [...] SUMMARY: THE EUROPEAN UNION OBSERVER MISSION ISSUED AN INTERIM STATEMENT ON ZIMBABWE'S JUNE 24-25 PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS AT MIDNIGHT ON JUNE 25-26. THE REPORT COVERS THE PRE-ELECTION PERIOD AND THE VOTING; A LATER REPORT WILL COVER THE VOTE COUNT AND THE POST-ELECTION PERIOD. THE EU DETE [...] |
2000-06-26 14:39:00 | Embassy Harare | UNCLASSIFIED | PREL PHUM PGOV ZI EU ZANU PF |
00HARARE3910 |
ZIMBABWE'S NEW CABINET: MUGABE REARRANGES THE [...] (C) PRESIDENT MUGABE ANNOUNCED HIS NEW 19 MEMBER (DOWN FROM 27 MEMBERS) CABINET CONSISTING OF 19 MEMBER ON JULY 15. A NUMBER OF THE OLD GUARD, INCLUDING WOMEN, WERE JETTISONED IN FAVOR OF TECHNOCRATS AND PARTY LOYALISTS. OF PARTICULAR NOTE IS THE FACT THAT THE CONFIDE [...] |
2000-07-17 15:35:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PINR ECON ZI ZANU PF |
00HARARE5270 |
GOVERNMENT RESORTS TO HAM-FISTED INTIMIDATION [...] (C) IN THEIR TWO-DAY RAID ON MDC OFFICES, POLICE AND CIO AGENTS SEIZED PAPER FILES AND DISKETTES, AND DOWNLOADED COMPUTER FILES. SEIZED DOCUMENTS INCLUDED THE MDC'S MEMBERSHIP LISTS, FUNDING SOURCES, STRATEGIES FOR THE PARLIAMENTARY LEGAL CHALLENGES AND THE 2002 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION, AND EV [...] |
2000-09-18 16:44:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM ZI ZANU PF |
00HARARE5302 |
ZIMBABWE MINISTER'S STATEMENT PRELUDE TO MORE [...] (C) IN A PARLIAMENTARY SESSION ATTENDED BY POLOFF, HOME AFFAIRS MINISTER JOHN NKOMO READ A BRIEF GOVERNMENT STATEMENT ON THE POLICE RAIDS AGAINST THE MDC LAST WEEK (REFS B AND C). AFTER READING WHAT SOUNDED LIKE A POLICE REPORT ON THE BOMBING OF THE MDC HEADQUARTERS TWO DAYS BEFORE THE RAIDS [...] |
2000-09-19 15:41:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM ZI MDC ZANU PF |
00HARARE5352 |
ZANU-PF MODERATE WARNS OF CONSEQUENCES IF [...] (C) SUMMARY: ON SEPTEMBER 21, DCM AND POLOFF CALLED ON NEWLY APPOINTED DEPUTY MINISTER FOR EDUCATION, SPORTS, AND CULTURE AENEAS CHIGWEDERE. THE DEPUTY MINISTER, A RELIABLE EMBASSY INTERLOCUTOR IN HIS EARLIER POSITIONS, WAS CHARACTERISTICALLY FRANK IN HIS DISCUSSION OF ZANU-PF POLITICS AND H [...] |
2000-09-22 11:33:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PINR ZI ZANU PF |
00HARARE5461 |
ZANU-PF REPORTEDLY INTERESTED IN DEAL WITH MDC [...] (C) ACCORDING TO A SENIOR MDC ADVISOR, THE OPPOSITION PARTY HAS RECEIVED ADDITIONAL FEELERS FROM ZANU-PF ABOUT MAKING A DEAL THAT INVOLVES PRESIDENT MUGABE'S DEPARTURE FROM OFFICE. MDC PRESIDENT MORGAN TSVANGIRAI IS REPORTEDLY WILLING TO AGREE TO A GRACEFUL EXIT FOR MUGABE BECAUSE IT IS IN ZIMBABWE [...] |
2000-09-27 14:59:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PINS ZI MDC ZANU PF |
00HARARE5829 |
ZIMBABWE RULING PARTY IGNORING CLAMOR FOR [...] (C) SUMMARY: POLITICAL PUNDITS AND WOULD-BE REFORMERS ARE AGAIN RAISING THEIR HOPES THAT THE ZANU-PF EXTRAORDINARY CONGRESS DUE TO BE HELD BY THE END OF THE YEAR WILL RESULT IN THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF A SUCCESSOR TO MUGABE AND A REJUVENATION OF THE PARTY. THE POPULATION AT LARGE, VICTIMIZED BY T [...] |
2000-10-13 11:01:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL ECON ZI ZANU PF |
00HARARE6120 |
A ZANU-PF DEPUTY MINISTER AND MP'S INSIDER VIEW [...] (C) SUMMARY: ZANU-PF DEPUTY MINISTER (ENVIRONMENT AND TOURISM) AND MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT EDWARD CHINDORI- CHININGA PAID A CALL ON AMBASSADOR MCDONALD ON OCTOBER 30 TO UPDATE HIM ON HIS MINISTRY'S LATEST ACTIVITIES. CHINDORI-CHININGA, WHO IS PART OF THE YOUNGER GENERATION OF ZANU-PF POLITICIANS, [...] |
2000-10-31 11:16:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PINR ZI ZANU PF |
00HARARE6388 |
ZIMBABWE RULING PARTY DEMAGOGUES ARE TURNING UP [...] (C) SUMMARY: ZANU-PF DEMAGOGUES ARE TURNING UP THE HEAT ON ZIMBABWE'S JUDICIARY IN AN ATTEMPT TO UNDERMINE THE ONLY GOVERNMENT INSTITUTION THAT STILL RETAINS SOME INDEPENDENCE FROM THE RULING PARTY. SO FAR, THE THREATS ARE RHETORICAL IN NATURE, BUT THEY ARE BECOMING MORE FREQUENT AND DIRECT. [...] |
2000-11-15 05:27:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM ZI ZANU PF |
00HARARE7266 |
NEW ZIMBABWE POLITBURO STRENGTHENS MNANGAGWA'S [...] (C) SUMMARY: PRESIDENT MUGABE'S NEW ZANU-PF POLITBURO, APPOINTED DECEMBER 15 AT THE SPECIAL PARTY CONGRESS (REF B), STRENGTHENS SPEAKER OF PARLIAMENT EMMERSON MNANGAGWA'S POSITION IN THE PARTY AND COULD SIGNAL MUGABE'S INTENTION TO MAKE MNANGAGWA HIS SUCCESSOR. SINCE JUNE'S PARLIAMENTARY ELE [...] |
2000-12-28 12:45:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PINR ZI ZANU PF |
01HARARE1178 |
ZIMBABWE: HOW PRESIDENT MUGABE WILL HANG ON TO [...] (C) SUMMARY: PRESIDENT ROBERT MUGABE IS GEARING UP FOR WHAT WILL BE THE MOST DIFFICULT ELECTION OF HIS POLITICAL CAREER. MUGABE WILL USE ALL THE RESOURCES OF HIS OFFICE, THE RULING PARTY, AND THE STATE TO WIN RE- ELECTION AND DENY THE OPPOSITION MDC THE PRESIDENCY. THE PRESIDENT WILL USE A W [...] |
2001-03-30 12:34:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PINR PINS MCAP ZI ZANU PF |
01HARARE628 |
RULING PARTY PUTS OUT A FEELER TO THE [...] (C) MOVEMENT FOR DEMOCRATIC CHANGE (MDC) SENIOR ADVISOR CLIVE PUZEY (PROTECT) INFORMED POLITICAL SECTION CHIEF ON FEBRUARY 2 THAT OVER THE JANUARY 27-28 WEEKEND, GOODSON NGUNI, REPORTEDLY A RELATIVE OF SPEAKER OF PARLIAMENT AND SENIOR ZANU-PF POLITBURO MEMBER EMMERSON MNANGAGWA, INVITED THE O [...] |
2001-02-02 11:14:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PINR PHUM PINS ZI MDC ZANU PF |
01HARARE754 |
MUGABE SAID TO BE BEHIND OVERTURE TO OPPOSITION [...] (C) PRESIDENT MUGABE IS BEHIND OVERTURES MADE TO THE OPPOSITION MOVEMENT FOR DEMOCRATIC CHANGE (MDC) IN LATE JANUARY BY SPEAKER OF PARLIAMENT EMMERSON MNANGAGWA, ACCORDING TO A SENIOR MDC ADVISOR. THE SECRET CONTACTS ARE CONTINUING BETWEEN ENVOYS FROM BOTH SIDES AND MIGHT LEAD TO A MEETING B [...] |
2001-02-15 12:09:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PINS PINR ZI ZANU PF MDC |
01HARARE760 |
BRITISH REPORT ON ZANU-PF OVERTURES TO THE MDC [...] (C) ON FEBRUARY 16 THE BRITISH HIGH COMMISSION HERE SHARED WITH US THE TEXT OF THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE SENT TO LONDON FEBRUARY 15 REPORTING ON MORGAN TSVANGIRAI'S OBSERVATIONS WITH RESPECT TO ZANU-PF OVERTURES TO HIS PARTY. 2. (C) BEGIN TEXT: SUBJECT: ZANU-PF OVERTURES TO TSVANGIRAI S [...] |
2001-02-16 09:29:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PINR PINS ZI MDC ZANU PF |
01HARARE816 |
UNENTHUSIASTIC ZIMBABWE RULING PARTY TRYING TO [...] (C) SUMMARY: THE MAJORITY OF ZIMBABWE'S RULING ZANU- PF PARTY MEMBERS ARE UNHAPPY WITH PRESIDENT MUGABE AND THE WAY HE IS RUNNING THE COUNTRY, BUT THEY WILL NOT OFFER MORE THAN PASSIVE RESISTANCE TO HIS DESTRUCTIVE POLICIES, OUR CONTACTS TELL US. THERE IS NOT LIKELY TO BE MUCH ENTHUSIASM FOR [...] |
2001-02-23 11:34:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PINR PHUM KDEM ZI ZANU PF |
02HARARE1019 |
POLITBURO MEMBERS QUIETLY CONSIDER POST-MUGABE ERA [...] (C) In an April 24 conversation with political section chief, ZANU-PF deputy political commissar Sikhanyiso Ndlovu said Politburo members are, for the first time, quietly discussing ways to ease President Mugabe out, but few are willing to confront the Zimbabwean President directly. According [...] |
2002-04-26 08:17:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PINR PREL ZI ZANU PF |
02HARARE1448 |
ZIMBABWE GOVERNMENT, RUNNING SCARED, RENEWS [...] (C) Summary: In the last week, the Government of Zimbabwe (GOZ) has renewed its crackdown on the opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC), which is still considering some sort of mass action to force the GOZ to rerun the flawed March presidential election. Police have arrested hundreds [...] |
2002-06-18 14:09:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM ASEC ZI MDC ZANU PF |
02HARARE1637 |
ZANU-PF DISSATISFACTION WITH MUGABE GROWING [...] (C) Awareness appears to be growing among senior ruling party officials that they have dug Zimbabwe into a very deep hole, and that extricating themselves from it will be next to impossible so long as Robert Mugabe remains at the helm. They agree that an exit package for Mugabe would have to [...] |
2002-07-16 06:13:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV ZI ZANU PF |
02HARARE2193 |
ZANU-PF APPEARS HEADED FOR LANDSLIDE VICTORY IN [...] (C) Voter turnout was low in Zimbabwe's nationwide rural council elections September 28-29, and early returns suggest a likely landslide victory by the ruling ZANU-PF, not surprising given pre-election violence, intimidation, and electoral manipulation. The GOZ stepped up efforts to diminish [...] |
2002-10-01 12:28:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM ASEC ZI ZANU PF |
02HARARE2337 |
RULING PARTY STEPS UP ATTACKS AGAINST NGOS [...] (C) A recent ZANU-PF theft of WFP food in Nsiza and GOZ orders to halt NGO food distribution in Binga come amid a looming general GOZ crackdown on NGOs. In mid September the GOZ issued a notice for all NGOs to register with the Ministry of Social Welfare, or cease operations. It appears that [...] |
2002-10-24 08:40:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PREL EAID ECON ASEC ZI ZANU PF |
02HARARE2401 |
GOZ VIOLENCE AGAINST MDC TARGETS COUNCILORS [...] (C) Since the September 28 - 29 Rural District Council elections, ZANU-PF supporters have carried out a violent campaign of retribution against winning MDC councilors and MDC supporters in districts that elected MDC councilors. At least one MDC supporter was beaten to death. Winning (and los [...] |
2002-11-04 14:26:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PREL EAID ASEC ZI MDC ZANU PF |
02HARARE2742 |
ZANU-PF CONFERENCE [...] (C) Summary. The Zimbabwe ruling party,s annual conference has been scheduled for December 11-15 in Chinhoyi. No major changes in the ZANU-PF leadership or discussion of a Mugabe succession are expected to be announced, although the persistent rumor that ailing Vice President Simon Muzenda [...] |
2002-12-02 15:28:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PINR ZI ZANU PF |
02HARARE2803 |
ZIMBABWE PROMISES MORE OF THE SAME AT ZANU-PF [...] (C) ZANU-PF,s annual conference, concluded in Chinhoyi December 14, proved to be another platform from which the senior party leadership could blast their critics and blame others for the country,s economic woes. President Mugabe tacitly admitted that the land reform exercise had not gone we [...] |
2002-12-16 14:42:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV ZI ZANU PF |
03HARARE1069 |
MNANGAGWA SPEAKS ON SUCCESSION, PARTY TALKS, AND [...] No summary [...] |
2003-05-29 13:44:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PINR ZI ZANU PF |
03HARARE1233 |
MUGABE STILL PACKS A PUNCH [...] (C) Robert Mugabe went on the offensive last week following the previous week's mass action by the opposition party, the MDC. Mugabe was pugnacious and triumphalist and used every opportunity to demean his political rival, MDC President, Morgan Tsvangirai. At the same time he took to his p [...] |
2003-06-16 14:52:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PINR ZI MDC ZANU PF |
03HARARE1333 |
SIMBA MAKONI ON ZIMBABWEAN CRISIS [...] (C) Former Finance Minister and still ZANU-PF Politburo member Simba Makoni called on the Ambassador July 1. Makoni, who recently lost his 23-year old son to suicide, told the Ambassador July 1 that he was focused on family and his growing consultancy business and relatively disconnected fro [...] |
2003-07-01 13:16:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL ZI ZANU PF |
03HARARE1446 |
MUGABE SUCCESSION ELUSIVE [...] (C) Summary. Over the past two months the domestic written press, both government and opposition, has churned out a stream of reporting on President Mugabe,s possible retirement. The local rumor mill has kept pace. Competing succession scenarios and successor lists have appeared, and differ [...] |
2003-07-17 07:55:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PINR ZI ZANU PF |
03HARARE1711 |
TALKS ON TALKS: MOMENTUM TOWARD ZIMBABWE POLITICAL [...] (C) SUMMARY: A series of meetings between political players here and HIRC Africa Subcommittee staffer Malik Chaka illuminated the tentative state of play of various efforts to get ZANU-PF/MDC talks resumed. ZANU-PF Chairman John Nkomo highlighted improvements in the political atmosphere and [...] |
2003-08-28 14:55:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI MDC ZANU PF |
03HARARE1861 |
MINISTER OFFERS INSIGHTS ON ZANU-PF POSTURE [...] (C) SUMMARY: Minister of Mines Edward Chindori-Chininga on September 11 spoke with Ambassador Sullivan on ZANU-PF succession issues and internal party elections. Chindori-Chininga did not break any new ground but confirmed party elections' potential implications for succession and the govern [...] |
2003-09-15 13:01:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM SOCI PREL ZI ZANU PF |
03HARARE2095 |
CHAT WITH A CHIEF [...] (C) SUMMARY: In a meeting with poloff October 8, ZANU-PF MP (appointed by the President) and Deputy Minister of Local Government, Public Works and National Housing Chief Fortune Charumbira identified weaknesses in the nation's municipal administration and outlined efforts to improve them. He [...] |
2003-10-21 14:18:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL ZI ZANU PF |
03HARARE2236 |
VISIT TO ROTTEN ROW [...] (C) SUMMARY: ZANU-PF Deputy Director for External Relations Itai Mach on November 5 told poloff that the party's national conference next month would likely focus more on economic and land reform issues than personnel/leadership matters. He suggested that informal and personal communications [...] |
2003-11-12 15:06:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ECON EAID EAGR ZI ZANU PF |
03HARARE2286 |
MEETING WITH BROKERS OF POLITICAL RECONCILIATION [...] (SBU) Summary. Disparaging remarks about "talk about talks" between the ruling Zanu-PF party and the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) have replaced hopeful reports of imminent breakthroughs. A meeting on November 19, 2003, between Ambassador Sullivan, Director of USAID Paul Weisenfeld, [...] |
2003-11-24 13:39:00 | Embassy Harare | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | PGOV PHUM ZI MDC ZANU PF |
03HARARE2332 |
ZANU-PF TAKES PARLIAMENTARY SEAT FROM MDC - TWO [...] (C) SUMMARY: ZANU-PF took a parliamentary seat from the MDC in a by-election held on November 29 - 30 in Kadoma Central. Neither candidate articulated a campaign message in interviews with poloff who visited the area the day before voting began. The MDC candidate alleged intimidation and vot [...] |
2003-12-02 15:25:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PINR ZI MDC ZANU PF |
03HARARE2359 |
RULING PARTY SUCCESSION RACE: IS ZVINAVASHE THE [...] (C) SUMMARY: The retirement of Vitalis Zvinavashe as commander of the Zimbabwe Defense Forces (ZDF) and his emergence on the national political scene underscore uncertainties surrounding the ruling party's contortions over prospective leadership succession. His possible appointment as Vice-P [...] |
2003-12-05 10:20:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PINR ZI ZANU PF |
03HARARE2364 |
RULING PARTY CIRCLES WAGONS AT ANNUAL CONFERENCE [...] (C) SUMMARY: The ZANU-PF annual conference December 5-8 in Masvingo projected a ruling party united under the unquestioned leadership of Robert Mugabe and ever-resistant to outside influence. The conference ended suspense over succession speculation by indicating unambiguously that the party [...] |
2003-12-08 15:04:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL ZI ZANU PF |
03HARARE238 |
ZANU-PF HAS NO SOLUTIONS FOR ZIMBABWE'S CRISES [...] Summary: (SBU) The Central Committee Report from the 2002 ZANU-PF annual conference held on December 14 in Chinhoyi provides additional insight into the concerns of the party and, by extension, the Government of Zimbabwe. Its demonization of the MDC and the West and justification of the land [...] |
2003-02-04 12:26:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV ZI ZANU PF |
03HARARE322 |
GOVERNMENT INTENSIFIES ANTI-MDC VIOLENCE AND [...] (C) In the past three weeks police have arrested and detained four MDC MPs, arrested 28 other MDC officials, beaten three, tortured at least one and denied permission, and / or halted at least four planned gatherings. As the opposition attempts to organize for upcoming parliamentary by-electi [...] |
2003-02-14 08:59:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM ASEC ZI MDC ZANU PF |
03HARARE450 |
ZIMBABWE: SIMBA MAKONI ON PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION [...] (C) Former Finance Minister Simba Makoni said the recently-announced modest fuel hike and announcement of an export support mechanism were supported by every ZANU-PF politburo member except Information Minister Jonathan Moyo, but the measures were unlikely to have much of an effect on Zimbab [...] |
2003-03-03 14:37:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PREL ECON ZI ZANU PF |
03HARARE636 |
TWO BY-ELECTIONS CRITICAL TO ZANU-PF PRESIDENTIAL [...] (C) Upcoming parliamentary by-elections pit the MDC's National Youth Chairman, Nelson Chamisa, against ZANU-PF businessman David Mutasa in Kuwadzana, and MDC businessman Pearson Mungofa against ZANU-PF heavy Joseph Chinotimba. The pre-election period has been marred by violence perpetrated mo [...] |
2003-03-28 10:10:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PINR ASEC ZI ZANU PF |
03HARARE64 |
RUMBLINGS OF DISCONTENT WITHIN ZANU-PF [...] (C) Concern and frustration with Zimbabwe's worsening economic and other crises are mounting among senior ZANU-PF officials, many of whom blame Robert Mugabe. No one appears willing or able to nudge the Zimbabwean President into retirement, however. Internal discussions of succession scenari [...] |
2003-01-10 09:56:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL EAID ZI ZANU PF |
03HARARE767 |
MUGABE READY TO LEAVE, WITH CONDITIONS [...] (C) In an April 16 conversation with the Ambassador, ZANU-PF spokesman and elder statesman Nathan Shamuyarira seemed concerned about the implications of USG actions in Iraq for Zimbabwe. He deemed a U.S. or British invasion "unlikely," but thought attempts would be made to destabilize the co [...] |
2003-04-17 14:27:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PREL PGOV ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE1018 |
POLITBURO MEMBER ON RULING PARTY INTENTIONS, [...] (C) SUMMARY: ZANU-PF Central Committee member Simba Makoni told the Ambassador on June 17 that GOZ efforts to reach out to the international community, including international financial institutions, were not a compelling priority for the ruling party. The party leadership would not accept [...] |
2004-06-18 10:34:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM EFIN EINV ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE1067 |
COSMETIC ELECTORAL REFORMS EMERGING [...] (SBU) SUMMARY: Electoral law changes proposed by the ruling party last week appear to be attempts to project a more level political playing field without jeopardizing the party's absolute grip on power in the run-up to next March's scheduled parliamentary elections. The proposals provide for [...] |
2004-06-29 13:55:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PREL ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE1112 |
ATTACK ON MDC PROVINCIAL MEETING [...] (C) SUMMARY. ZANU-PF youths on July 2 attacked an MDC provincial assembly attended by several MDC leaders, including Morgan Tsvangirai, in Mashonaland Central. The youths destroyed property and injured MDC supporters. Police blamed the incident on MDC members, while MDC leaders believe the CI [...] |
2004-07-06 14:33:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PINR ZI MDC ZANU PF |
04HARARE1429 |
ZVOBGO DEATH LEAVES VOID IN RULING PARTY [...] No summary [...] |
2004-08-25 14:50:00 | Embassy Harare | UNCLASSIFIED | PGOV ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE1520 |
ZANU-PF WINS SEKE BY-ELECTION THE EASY WAY -- [...] (U) ZANU-PF candidate Phineas Chihota was declared the winner of the Seke parliamentary by-election on September 3 when no other candidate filed for the seat by that day,s deadline. The seat had become vacant following the death of MDC MP Bennie Tumbare-Mutasa in July. ZANU-PF now has 67 sea [...] |
2004-09-09 11:52:00 | Embassy Harare | UNCLASSIFIED | PGOV PHUM PREL ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE1643 |
NKOMO OPEN TO DIALOGUE [...] On September 27, Ambassador Dell met briefly with Minister of Special Affairs for Lands, Land Reform, and Resettlement and ZANU-PF Party Chairman John Nkomo in Nkomo's office. Nkomo welcomed the Ambassador to Zimbabwe and said he was interested in developing a better relationship. He then reci [...] |
2004-09-30 05:46:00 | Embassy Harare | UNCLASSIFIED | PGOV ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE1681 |
Business Seeks to Rebuild Govt Ties [...] (SBU) Summary: The Confederation of Zimbabwe Industries' (CZI) top female official berated the GOZ's trade-unfriendly policies and general economic mismanagement. However, she expressed hope that President Mugabe would send the business community a positive signal either by meeting face-to- [...] |
2004-10-07 09:15:00 | Embassy Harare | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | ECON EAGR ETRD EINV PGOV ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE1914 |
JOYCE MUJURU SLATED FOR VICE-PRESIDENCY [...] (C) SUMMARY: The ruling ZANU-PF party has probably temporarily deferred succession tensions within its ranks by tapping Minister of Water Resources and Infrastructural Development Joyce Mujuru as its second Vice-President at party provincial meetings on November 21. Provincial executives lef [...] |
2004-11-23 14:48:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE2001 |
PARTY CONGRESS EXPOSES ZANU-PF DIVISIONS [...] (C) SUMMARY: ZANU-PF's Fourth Party Congress reinforced Robert Mugabe's unassailable authority atop a ruling party suffering from roiling ethnic and generational tensions. Recent personnel changes adjustments to the party leadership suggest the ascendancy of Mugabe's Zezuru faction and a vict [...] |
2004-12-10 12:53:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE2009 |
CHISSANO BOOSTS MUGABE AT ZANU-PF PARTY CONGRESS [...] (U) In an address to the ruling ZANU-PF,s Fourth Party Congress that was broadcast live on Zimbabwe state radio on December 3, Mozambican President Chissano recounted at length the close historical ties between his Frelimo party and ZANU-PF, and stressed in particular Mozambique's support for [...] |
2004-12-13 15:51:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE2034 |
ZCTU HEAD: OPPOSITION NEEDS BETTER ORGANIZATION [...] (C) Summary: Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions (ZCTU) Secretary General Wellington Chibebe told the Ambassador on SIPDIS December 13 that the opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) and civil society in general had to organize better to win what was now likely to be a long-term strug [...] |
2004-12-15 08:53:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | ELAB ECON PGOV EAID ZI ZANU PF MDC ZCTU |
04HARARE2063 |
MUGABE, OLD GUARD ASCENDANT IN NEW POLITBURO [...] (C) SUMMARY: President Mugabe on December 17 announced a new 50-member Politburo. The new membership confirms the decline in influence of Speaker of the Parliament Emmerson Mnangagwa as well as the fall from grace of hard-liners Information Minister Jonathan Moyo and Minister of Justice Patr [...] |
2004-12-21 09:40:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE2090 |
RULING PARTY SETS DATE FOR PRIMARIES AMIDST MORE [...] (U) SUMMARY: ZANU-PF announced that it will conduct its primaries for the March national parliamentary elections on January 15. Intra-party violence has already begun to rise. Fights between supporters of two sitting ZANU-PF MPs and the supporters of their party rivals in two hotly-contested [...] |
2004-12-30 09:15:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE249 |
RESHUFFLING THE OLD GUARD [...] SUMMARY: (C) On February 10, President Robert Mugabe announced a new cabinet that looks very similar to the old one. Only one minister was removed from cabinet, the rest either retaining their posts or being moved to other positions. The absence of significant change in a ZANU-PF government [...] |
2004-02-10 13:58:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE298 |
GOZ SETS PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS FOR MARCH AS [...] SUMMARY: The GOZ's February 19 announcement that parliamentary elections would be conducted in March 2004 follows a series of setbacks to prospects that their conduct would be free and fair. During the past week, the GOZ withdrew its request for UN involvement in elections; extended the perm [...] |
2004-02-19 14:00:00 | Embassy Harare | SECRET//NOFORN | PGOV PHUM PREL ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE540 |
MINISTER REPORTEDLY SHOOTS OPPOSITION MEMBER AS [...] (C) SUMMARY: Two eyewitnesses identified Minister without portfolio Elliott Manyika as a shooter in an incident on the second day of voting in Zengeza that left one dead and 11 injured. Emboffs observed several instances of voting irregularities during the voting days: double voting lines, as [...] |
2004-03-29 13:50:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM PINR ASEC ZI ZANU PF MDC |
04HARARE553 |
VIOLENT RULING PARTY VICTORY SETS TONE FOR [...] (C) SUMMARY: In a demoralizing blow to the opposition, ZANU-PF took an MDC stronghold in the March 27 - 28 by-election in the urban high-density constituency of Zengeza. The government press reported that Minister Elliott Manyika, rumored to be involved in the shooting of an MDC youth (Ref), [...] |
2004-03-30 15:04:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM PINR ASEC ZI MDC ZANU PF |
04HARARE682 |
MISCHIEF IN MANICALAND: VIOLENCE ON FARMS, MUTARE [...] (U) SUMMARY: Credible sources report that ruling party supporters who have seized farms in Manicaland are beating farm workers suspected of loyalty to the opposition. International Organization for Migration (IOM) is preparing to care for farm workers who are being displaced by the seizures a [...] |
2004-04-21 15:34:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PHUM PGOV ASEC PREF EAGR EAID ZI MDC ZANU PF |
04HARARE73 |
RULING PARTY TURNS ON ONE OF ITS OWN [...] (C) SUMMARY: Flamboyant ZANU-PF MP and prominent businessman Philip Chiyangwa was arrested January 10 on charges relating to a GOZ investigation of troubled ENG Capital Asset Management (ENG). His arrest manifests divisions within the ruling party that probably are based on business consider [...] |
2004-01-13 15:23:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM ECON EFIN ZI ZANU PF |
04HARARE843 |
ZANU-PF WRESTS MP SEAT FROM MDC IN RURAL [...] (C) SUMMARY: Along with Harare based diplomats from ten other countries, Poloff observed a May 15 - 16 parliamentary by-election in the rural Matabeleland North district of Lupane -- a traditional MDC stronghold. ZANU-PF narrowly won the seat by a margin of over 800 votes in an election chara [...] |
2004-05-18 15:12:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PREL PINR ASEC ZI MDC ZANU PF |
04HARARE858 |
ZANU-PF STAGES DEMONSTRATION AGAINST MDC MP ROY [...] (U) SUMMARY: On May 20, ZANU-PF staged a demonstration in downtown Harare against MDC MP Roy Bennett. The demonstration came two days after Bennett assaulted Minister of Justice Patrick Chinamasa in Parliament when the latter commented on the government seizure of Bennett's farm. END SUMMARY [...] |
2004-05-21 08:53:00 | Embassy Harare | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | PGOV PHUM PINR ASEC ZI ZANU PF MDC |
04HARARE864 |
ZFTU- There's no there, there [...] (SBU) Summary: Zimbabwe Federation of Trade Unions (ZFTU) is a ZANU-PF shell union seeking to undermine Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions (ZCTU). End Summary. 2. (SBU) ZCTU is a strong civil society voice for workers rights. Its advocacy and support for the opposition Movement for Dem [...] |
2004-05-24 10:10:00 | Embassy Harare | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | ELAB PHUM ETRD ECON EINV PGOV ZI ZANU PF ZCTU |
05HARARE1004 |
ZIMBABWEQS WINTER OF DISCONTENT [...] (C) The winter of Murambatsvina (Operation Restore Order) seems to have changed everything in Zimbabwe and nothing. Robert Mugabe is still president and likely to remain so for as long as he wants Q which could be until the day he dies. ZANU-PF is still firmly in control. The economy is sti [...] |
2005-07-22 11:57:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI ZANU PF |
05HARARE1290 |
ZVOBGO ON RULING PARTY DYNAMICS [...] (C) Eddison Zvobgo, Jr., an astute player in the ruling party's younger generation and son of Robert Mugabe's late principal intra-party rival, on September 12 told the Ambassador that the ruling party was essentially biding its time until its octeganarian leader passed from the stage. Zvobgo [...] |
2005-09-14 16:00:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI ZANU PF |
05HARARE1345 |
CONTINUING RIVALRIES, SUCCESSION TENSIONS [...] (C) By many measures, the Robert Mugabe's ruling ZANU-PF party is as firmly in control of Zimbabwe as ever. Its tainted but overwhelming parliamentary election "victory" in March left it in firm control of the legislature and executive, and simultaneously demoralized Zimbabwe's political oppo [...] |
2005-09-28 15:12:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PREL ZI ZANU PF |
05HARARE1420 |
MOYO WEAVES TALE OF PARTIES IN DISARRAY [...] (C) In an October 13 meeting with the Charge, Independent MP and former Minister of Information Jonathan Moyo said that both the opposition MDC and ruling ZANU-PF were significantly weakened since the March parliamentary elections. The MDC, he said, had been focused inward since the elections [...] |
2005-10-18 13:13:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PREL ZI MDC ZANU PF |
05HARARE1490 |
MDC LEADERS LOOKING TO RESOLVE DIFFERENCES, TAKE [...] (C) In an evening meeting on October 27, MDC President Morgan Tsvangirai told the Ambassador that his meeting earlier that day with the MDC,s other leaders had gone well. They had not resolved as yet the issue of participation in the Senate elections but had agreed that the struggle against P [...] |
2005-10-28 11:19:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI MDC ZANU PF |
05HARARE1603 |
ZIMBABWE,S NOVEMBER 26 SENATE ELECTIONS: [...] (C) November 26 marks election day for the newly-recreated Senate. Few observers expect the institution to produce much beyond 66 new offices to be handed out by the government as patronage. Given voter apathy, the calls for a boycott from MDC President Morgan Tsvangirai, and lackluster ZAN [...] |
2005-11-23 13:54:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PREL ZI ZANU PF MDC |
05HARARE1681 |
ZANU-PF CONFERENCE ATTACKS PARTY/GOZ OFFICIALS, [...] (U) At the ZANU-PF annual national conference held in Esigodini December 9-10, President Mugabe conceded significant problems in agrarian reform, which he attributed in part to misallocation among ruling party officials and poor planning by the government. The party reportedly adopted a repo [...] |
2005-12-13 15:02:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ECON EAGR ZI ZANU PF |
05HARARE1716 |
AMBASSADOR AND ZANU-PF INSIDER SIMBA MAKONI [...] (C) In a December 20 meeting with the Ambassador, ZANU-PF Politburo member and former Finance Minister Simba Makoni said ZANU-PF had finally acknowledged economic &problems8 but would not be able to change its disastrous economic policies without a change in leadership. The earliest that coul [...] |
2005-12-20 15:50:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PHUM PGOV KPAO ZI ZANU PF |
05HARARE207 |
SPY TRIO GETS JAIL TERMS [...] No summary [...] |
2005-02-10 11:05:00 | Embassy Harare | UNCLASSIFIED | PGOV PREL PHUM PINR ZI ZANU PF |
05HARARE228 |
ZANU-PF DINOSAURS, DISSENTERS EXPOSE RULING PARTY [...] (C) SUMMARY: During the Ambassador's February 7-9 trip to Bulawayo and Masvingo, ZANU-PF "Old Guard" figures Thenjiwe Lesabe and Dumiso Dabengwa excoriated the party's younger generation for their unseemly disregard for "liberation values," in their view, the basis for ZANU-PF's right to rul [...] |
2005-02-14 14:58:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM SOCI ZI ZANU PF |
05HARARE229 |
MATABELELAND RESTIVE AS CAMPAIGNS COMMENCE [...] (C) SUMMARY: During the Ambassador's visit to Bulawayo February 7-8, MDC and civil society figures reviewed the election environment in surrounding Matabeleland, a historically marginalized region that is the principal home to Zimbabwe's leading minority Ndebele tribe (about 15 percent of th [...] |
2005-02-15 05:04:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI MDC ZANU PF |
05HARARE251 |
DINOSAURS AND DISSENTERS - TAKE TWO [...] (C) The Ambassador met February 14 with the Minister of State for Indigenisation and Empowerment, J.T. Tungamirai, a Politburo member and reputedly close to President Mugabe, as well as separately with two of the ZANU-PF Members of Parliament who lost in the party primaries two weeks ago. The [...] |
2005-02-17 11:31:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL ZI ZANU PF |
05HARARE318 |
PRE-ELECTION ENVIRONMENT POSITIVE BUT MIXED [...] (SBU) SUMMARY: The election campaign period for the parliamentary elections scheduled for March 31 is in full swing with the peaceful launches of the ZANU-PF and MDC campaigns. The environment is notably less violent than in past elections, although the opposition continues to experience spo [...] |
2005-02-25 13:32:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM PINR ZI MDC ZANU PF |
05HARARE327 |
CENTRAL BANK TO TOLERATE PARALLEL MARKET UNTIL [...] (C) Reserve Bank (RBZ) Exchange Control Chief O.C. Masiiwa told Econoff on February 22 that the Governor Gideon Gono has instructed him not to pursue high-profile parallel traders until after the March 31 parliamentary elections. Masiiwa said Gono fears many parallel traders are well-connected [...] |
2005-03-01 08:22:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | EFIN PGOV ZI ECON EINV ZANU PF |
05HARARE347 |
MIDLANDS GOVERNOR ON ELECTIONS [...] (C) Summary: On February 22, ZANU-PF Midlands Governor Cephas Msipa told the Ambassador that this year,s elections would be less violent than past elections. He predicted the opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) would retain only one or two of its five seats in the province. Respon [...] |
2005-03-02 12:19:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL ZI ZANU PF |
05HARARE383 |
ZIMBABWE'S ELECTION -- WHAT'S A SUCCESS? [...] (C) SUMMARY: The March 31 parliamentary election cannot deliver a change of government, which under Zimbabwe,s constitution is appointed by President Mugabe. That said, the stakes are high for both parties. ZANU-PF's objective is an election that secures it a 2/3 majority of 100 seats, incl [...] |
2005-03-09 15:21:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI MDC ZANU PF |
05HARARE468 |
INDEPENDENT CANDIDATE MOYO ON ELECTIONS [...] (C) Controversial independent MP candidate Jonathan Moyo on March 22 told a visiting U.S. Congressional staff delegation and an Embassy election observer that ZANU-PF was a &spent force.8 He described ZANU-PF as a party of tribalists with no direction. Moyo also expressed little regard for t [...] |
2005-03-28 12:18:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI ZANU PF |
05HARARE501 |
INTERIM RESULTS INDICATE NET SHIFT TO RULING PARTY [...] (C) As of 9:30 p.m. local time, the Zimbabwe Election Commission (ZEC) had reported 49 seats won by ZANU-PF and 35 seats won by the MDC. More importantly, the results so far represent a net shift of ten seats to the ruling party's favor from the 2000 election. The opposition MDC has also fa [...] |
2005-04-01 20:31:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI ZANU PF MDC |
05HARARE502 |
FRAUDULENT LANDSLIDE "WIN" FOR ZANU-PF [...] (C) Nearly complete results show ZANU-PF cruising to an overwhelming win in Zimbabwe's parliamentary elections amid mounting (and credible) allegations of fraud by the MDC and civil society. With five seats remaining to be announced, ZANU-PF has taken 74 and the MDC 40, with one independent [...] |
2005-04-02 12:47:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | ZI SF PGOV PREL MDC ZANU PF |
05HARARE547 |
ZANU-PF POLITBURO MEMBER DISMISSIVE OF PARTY,S [...] (C) SUMMARY: In a candid exchange with the Ambassador on April 6, politburo member and former Finance Minister Simba Makoni asked about U.S. reaction to the elections. The Ambassador explained USG objections, sharing with Makoni a copy of the Embassy press release. Makoni said the U.S. anal [...] |
2005-04-08 12:01:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL EFIN PHUM ZI ZANU PF |
05HARARE562 |
A KINDER, GENTLER ZANU-PF? NOT LIKELY [...] (C) SUMMARY: Speculation that an overwhelming ZANU-PF win in the Parliamentary elections, coupled with the recent party purges (ref A), would lead ZANU-PF to moderate its stance toward the opposition so far appears unfounded. Mugabe's public portrayal of the MDC has returned to a more vitriol [...] |
2005-04-11 14:00:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM PINR ZI ZANU PF |
05HARARE672 |
POST ELECTION VIOLENCE YIELDS FIRST POLITICAL [...] (C) MDC spokesperson for Mashonaland West Biggie Haurobi confirmed to poloff on May 9 the circumstances surrounding the April 29 murder of MDC activist Moffat Ebrahim, which had been reported by the local press. According to Haurobi, ZANU-PF supporters in the Kashimhure Village near Karoi were [...] |
2005-05-11 05:13:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM PREL ZI ZANU PF MDC |
05HARARE83 |
TURMOIL AND INTRIGUE CONTINUE IN RUN-UP TO ZANU-PF [...] (C) SUMMARY: Harare's headlines continue to be dominated by tales of intra-ZANU-PF conflicts and a spy scandal in the run-up to the ruling party's parliamentary primaries scheduled for January 15. Plans to reserve a quota of seats for women appears to be the method of choice for dislodging c [...] |
2005-01-14 09:40:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM PINR ZI ZANU PF |
05HARARE990 |
MOYO ON ZANU-PF, NEED FOR NEW LEADERSHIP [...] (C) In a July 5 exchange with visiting Congressional senior staff Greg Simpkins and Pearl Alice Marsh, Jonathan Moyo cast ZANU-PF as a party in crisis - ossified in policy and beholden to one man who no longer enjoyed the confidence of either the party or the nation. He said conditions were [...] |
2005-07-20 10:44:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PHUM ZI ZANU PF |
06HARARE11 |
GOZ INTENSIFIES ASSAULT ON MDC MUNICIPAL [...] (C) All 19 of Mutare's MDC city councilors resigned on January 4 in response to their December 29 suspension by Minister of Local Government Ignatius Chombo over alleged mismanagement. The Minister appointed an acting council of ruling party loyalists to run the city. Chombo also suspended [...] |
2006-01-09 05:30:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL PHUM ZI MDC ZANU PF |
06HARARE125 |
ZANU-PF SENATOR/FINANCIER PURSUES ENHANCED [...] (C) Aguy Georgias, a recently appointed ZANU-PF aligned Senator and CEO of Trinity Engineering, on January 31 sought Embassy participation in an informal dialogue he hoped to set up with a to-be-named interlocutor selected by President Mugabe. He asserted that in Zimbabwe's dysfunctional pol [...] |
2006-02-06 13:53:00 | Embassy Harare | CONFIDENTIAL | PGOV PREL ECON ZI ZANU PF |
07BEIJING2670 |
CHINA-VIETNAM: BEIJING PRESSURING HANOI ON ENERGY [...] (C) Chinese protests last week over Vietnamese energy exploration and survey activity in the South China Sea were especially "heavy-handed" and timed to gain leverage during the visit of Vietnam's National Assembly Chair to Beijing, according to a Vietnamese diplomat. MFA officials confirmed [...] |
2007-04-20 09:04:00 | Embassy Beijing | CONFIDENTIAL | PREL ENRG PHUM CH VN PF |
07BEIJING598 |
LATEST ROUND OF CHINA-VIETNAM BORDER TALKS BREAK [...] (C) Chinese negotiators walked out of Sino-Vietnamese border talks without agreement January 20, leaving the Vietnamese delegation feeling disappointed and overlooked, according to our contacts. "Golf diplomacy" by Chinese VFM Wu Dawei and Vietnamese VFM Vu Dung could not overcome a negative [...] |
2007-01-26 08:19:00 | Embassy Beijing | CONFIDENTIAL | PREL ENRG CH VN PF |