TFSROL: DART FIELD OFFICER'S VISIT WITH

UNCLASSIFIED SECTION 01 OF 04 ZAGREB 01634 SIPDIS SECDEF WASHDC//ISA/ISP// 497IG AMHS BOLLING AFB DC//INAGE// USMISSION USNATO AMEMBASSY BELGRADE UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 04 ZAGREB 001634 SIPDIS STATE PASS TO AID VIENNA FOR BOSNIA AID FOR AA/BHR, EUR/RME, BHR/FFP, AND BHR/OFDA/DRD BUDAPEST FOR RFMC/CEE STATE FOR IO, IO/PHO, EUR/EEA/RJOHNSON EUR/EE/RERDMAN AND JMOORE, PM/ISO, AND RP USMISSION GENEVA FOR RMA, AAO SECDEF ALSO FOR ISA/GLOBAL AFFAIRS OSD/HRA/IRVIN BONN ALSO FOR GSO KAREN KLEMP RAMSTEIN FOR DO/LG/XP/IN/POLAD// E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: PREF AORC EAID PHUM HR AORC EAID PHUM HR AORC EAID PHUM HR AORC EAID PHUM HR BK SUBJECT: TFSROL: DART FIELD OFFICER'S VISIT WITH BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT'S REPRESENTATIVE IN ZENICA -------------- SUMMARY -------------- UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 03 ZAGREB 01634 01 OF 04 251057Z ¶1. ON APRIL 5, DART/ZAGREB FIELD OFFICER HAD AN INTERESTING AND INFORMATIVE MEETING WITH MR. FUAD DIDIC, MINISTER OF COORDINATION AND FIELD AFFAIRS IN ZENICA FOR THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT. HE IS THE SENIOR GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVE FOR THE REGION. FORMERLY A PROFESSOR OF MARXIST PHILOSOPHY AT THE LOCAL UNIVERSITY, MINISTER DIDIC WAS PERSONABLE, ARTICULATE, AND INTELLIGENT. THOUGH HE SEEMED TO UNDERSTAND AND SPEAK SOME ENGLISH, HE SPOKE THROUGH A TRANSLATOR. -------------- MINISTER'S JOB DESCRIPTION -------------- ¶2. ACCORDING TO THE MINISTER, HIS JOB IS TO PROVIDE AN IMMEDIATE PRESENCE OF AUTHORITY IN HIS (ZENICA) REGION AND TO PROVIDE A "STAIRWAY MODEL OF AUTHORITY TO THE GOVERNMENT IN SARAJEVO". THIS WAS UNDERSTOOD TO BE SOMETHING LIKE A "CHAIN OF COMMAND". -------------- THE FOUR CANTONS -------------- ¶3. MINISTER DIDIC SAID THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT IN SARAJEVO HAD DIVIDED BOSNIA INTO FOUR REGIONS OR "CANTONS" (ZENICA, TUZLA, BIHAC, MOSTAR) WITH A MINISTER IN EACH ONE. HE EXPLAINED THAT WHEN THE UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 04 ZAGREB 01634 01 OF 04 251057Z NEW GOVERNMENT WAS FORMED SIX MONTHS AGO IT WAS PRIMARILY CONCERNED WITH (1) HELPING THE PEOPLE SURVIVE THE RAVAGES OF WAR, WINTER, AND STARVATION; (2) DEFENDING THEM AGAINST AGGRESSORS. "THESE TASKS HAVE NOW BEEN MET", HE SAID. -------------- GOVERNMENT AGENDA AND PRIORITIES -------------- ¶4. ACCORDING TO THE MINISTER, RECONSTRUCTION AND ORGANIZATION OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS IS THE FIRST PRIORITY SO THAT PEOPLE AND HUMANITARIAN AID CAN MOVE FREELY THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY. THE SECOND PRIORITY IS THE CONTINUED "SAFETY OF THE CITIZENRY FROM AGGRESSION, FROM EPIDEMICS, FROM ANARCHY, FROM A RETURN TO HUNGER, ETC." THE THIRD PRIORITY IS THE REBUILDING OF HOMES, UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 01 ZAGREB 01634 02 OF 04 251057Z ACTION SS-00 INFO LOG-00 AID-01 AMAD-01 CA-02 CIAE-00 OASY-00 EUR-01 OIGO-01 HA-09 HHS-01 IMMC-01 TEDE-00 INR-00 IO-16 L-01 ADS-00 NSAE-00 OIC-02 PM-00 RP-10 SR-00 SSO-00 PMB-00 /046W -------------- 3FC528 251611Z /38 R 251126Z APR 94 FM AMEMBASSY ZAGREB TO USEC BRUSSELS USMISSION USUN NEW YORK USMISSION GENEVA SECSTATE WASHDC 1658 INFO CINCUSAREUR HEIDELBERG GE//J3/J4/J5/POLAD// CINCUSAFE RAMSTEIN AB GE// CINCUSNAVEUR LONDON UK//N2/N22// COM SIXTHFLT//N2// AMEMBASSY VIENNA AMEMBASSY ROME AMEMBASSY PARIS AMEMBASSY LJUBLJANA AMEMBASSY LONDON AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST AMEMBASSY BONN AMEMBASSY ATHENS USEUCOM VAIHINGEN GE//ECJ3/ECJ4/ECJ5/EC POLAD// WHITE HOUSE WASHDC HQ JTF PP NAPLES IT//CA/POLAD// JOINT STAFF WASHDC//J3/J4/J5// UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 02 ZAGREB 01634 02 OF 04 251057Z SECDEF WASHDC//ISA/ISP// 497IG AMHS BOLLING AFB DC//INAGE// USMISSION USNATO AMEMBASSY BELGRADE UNCLAS SECTION 02 OF 04 ZAGREB 001634 SIPDIS STATE PASS TO AID VIENNA FOR BOSNIA AID FOR AA/BHR, EUR/RME, BHR/FFP, AND BHR/OFDA/DRD BUDAPEST FOR RFMC/CEE STATE FOR IO, IO/PHO, EUR/EEA/RJOHNSON EUR/EE/RERDMAN AND JMOORE, PM/ISO, AND RP USMISSION GENEVA FOR RMA, AAO SECDEF ALSO FOR ISA/GLOBAL AFFAIRS OSD/HRA/IRVIN BONN ALSO FOR GSO KAREN KLEMP RAMSTEIN FOR DO/LG/XP/IN/POLAD// E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: PREF AORC EAID PHUM HR AORC EAID PHUM HR AORC EAID PHUM HR AORC EAID PHUM HR BK SUBJECT: TFSROL: DART FIELD OFFICER'S VISIT WITH BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT'S REPRESENTATIVE IN ZENICA BUSINESSES, AND FACTORIES. -------------- UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 03 ZAGREB 01634 02 OF 04 251057Z REDEVELOPMENT PLANS -------------- ¶5. THE MINISTER EXPLAINED THAT PREVIOUSLY THERE WERE LARGE FACTORIES BUILT IN THE BIGGER CITIES AND OWNED BY THE COMMUNIST PARTY. HE SAID THE ONE IN ZENICA EMPLOYED 100,000 PEOPLE. BECAUSE THE SURROUNDING TOWNS AND VILLAGES WERE A SOURCE OF CHEAP LABOR, MOST OF THE WORKERS WERE BROUGHT IN FROM THE VILLAGES TO WORK. THIS DEPLETED THE SMALLER AREAS OF MANPOWER AND TOOK JOBS AWAY FROM THE CITY DWELLERS. THE NEW GOVERNMENT WANTS TO CHANGE THAT. THEY WANT THE LARGER FACTORIES TO BE REPLACED BY SMALLER, MORE MODERN FACTORIES SO THAT CITY PEOPLE CAN BE EMPLOYED. THE VILLAGES IN OUTLYING AREAS WOULD THEN USE THEIR MANPOWER AND RESOURCES FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PRODUCTION. PERHAPS SMALLER SATELLITE FACTORIES WOULD ALSO BE BUILT IN THE RURAL AREAS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CLOTHING, SPAR E PARTS, ETC., HE SAID. -------------- SOME COMMUNITY LEADERS RESIST CHANGE -------------- ¶6. THE MINISTER EXPLAINED THAT THERE ARE LEADERS IN SOME MUNICIPALITIES WHO ARE RESISTING THE INITIATIVES OF THE NEW GOVERNMENT. THIS IS BECAUSE THEY ARE PROHIBITED FROM SERVING IN THE UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 04 ZAGREB 01634 02 OF 04 251057Z NEW GOVERNMENT AS MANY ARE SUSPECTED OF WAR CRIMES, PROFITEERING, AND OTHER CRIMINAL ACTIVITY. THESE LEADERS ARE IN PROZOR, KISELJAC, AND BUSOVACA, (HVO CONTROLLED AREAS) AS WELL AS IN OTHER MUNICIPALITIES. THE NEW GOVERNMENT IS HAVING TROUBLE REMOVING THESE LEADERS FROM THEIR WELL-ENTRENCHED POSITIONS OF POWER IN THE SMALLER COMMUNITIES. -------------- SHORTAGE OF SKILLED LABOR -------------- ¶7. THE MINISTER ACKNOWLEDGED THAT FINDING SKILLED LABOR WILL BE A PROBLEM SINCE SO MANY PEOPLE LEFT DURING THE WAR. THERE IS SOME ANXIETY THAT ONCE SARAJEVO BECOMES A FULLY FUNCTIONAL CITY AGAIN, MANY OF THE TALENTED PEOPLE REMAINING IN ZENICA, MOSTAR, AND THE OTHER UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 01 ZAGREB 01634 03 OF 04 251058Z ACTION SS-00 INFO LOG-00 AID-01 AMAD-01 CA-02 CIAE-00 OASY-00 EUR-01 OIGO-01 HA-09 HHS-01 IMMC-01 TEDE-00 INR-00 IO-16 L-01 ADS-00 NSAE-00 OIC-02 PM-00 RP-10 SR-00 SSO-00 PMB-00 /046W -------------- 3FC538 251611Z /38 R 251126Z APR 94 FM AMEMBASSY ZAGREB TO USEC BRUSSELS USMISSION USUN NEW YORK USMISSION GENEVA SECSTATE WASHDC 1659 INFO CINCUSAREUR HEIDELBERG GE//J3/J4/J5/POLAD// CINCUSAFE RAMSTEIN AB GE// CINCUSNAVEUR LONDON UK//N2/N22// COM SIXTHFLT//N2// AMEMBASSY VIENNA AMEMBASSY ROME AMEMBASSY PARIS AMEMBASSY LJUBLJANA AMEMBASSY LONDON AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST AMEMBASSY BONN AMEMBASSY ATHENS USEUCOM VAIHINGEN GE//ECJ3/ECJ4/ECJ5/EC POLAD// WHITE HOUSE WASHDC HQ JTF PP NAPLES IT//CA/POLAD// JOINT STAFF WASHDC//J3/J4/J5// UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 02 ZAGREB 01634 03 OF 04 251058Z SECDEF WASHDC//ISA/ISP// 497IG AMHS BOLLING AFB DC//INAGE// USMISSION USNATO AMEMBASSY BELGRADE UNCLAS SECTION 03 OF 04 ZAGREB 001634 SIPDIS STATE PASS TO AID VIENNA FOR BOSNIA AID FOR AA/BHR, EUR/RME, BHR/FFP, AND BHR/OFDA/DRD BUDAPEST FOR RFMC/CEE STATE FOR IO, IO/PHO, EUR/EEA/RJOHNSON EUR/EE/RERDMAN AND JMOORE, PM/ISO, AND RP USMISSION GENEVA FOR RMA, AAO SECDEF ALSO FOR ISA/GLOBAL AFFAIRS OSD/HRA/IRVIN BONN ALSO FOR GSO KAREN KLEMP RAMSTEIN FOR DO/LG/XP/IN/POLAD// E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: PREF AORC EAID PHUM HR AORC EAID PHUM HR AORC EAID PHUM HR AORC EAID PHUM HR BK SUBJECT: TFSROL: DART FIELD OFFICER'S VISIT WITH BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT'S REPRESENTATIVE IN ZENICA CANTONS WILL MOVE TO SARAJEVO TO FIND WORK BUT THE MINISTER WAS OPTIMISTIC AND FELT THAT WITH PROPER MOTIVATION AND TRAINING THEY COULD SOMEHOW UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 03 ZAGREB 01634 03 OF 04 251058Z FIND ENOUGH PEOPLE TO DO THE WORK REQUIRED. "IF WE BUILD IT, THEY WILL COME" HE SMILED. -------------- BOSNIANS DISTRUST EUROPEANS; USA FAVORED -------------- ¶8. THE MINISTER SAID THAT DURING THE TROUBLE OF THE PAST COUPLE OF YEARS THE SPIRIT OF THE BOSNIAN PEOPLE HAS REMAINED UNDAUNTED. HE WENT ON TO SAY THAT MORE THAN ANY OTHER COUNTRY IN THE WORLD, THE AMERICAN PEOPLE UNDERSTOOD AND APPRECIATED THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THAT SPIRIT. IT WAS U.S. SUPPORT, HE SAID, THAT GAVE THE BOSNIAN PEOPLE THE WILL TO CONTINUE TO RESIST AGGRESSION. HE SAID THE PEOPLE HAVE COMPLETELY LOST FAITH WITH EUROPEAN COUNTRIES LIKE FRANCE, GREAT BRITAIN, GERMANY, AND ITALY. HE WENT ON TO SAY THAT HE THOUGHT MANY OF THE PEOPLE IN THOSE COUNTRIES SUPPORTED THEIR CAUSE, BUT THAT THE GOVERNMENTS DID NOT. HE NOTED THE "RISE OF FASCISM AND RACIST INCIDENTS IN THOSE COUNTRIES" AS STRONG INDICATIONS THEY WERE "NOT LIKELY TO BE SYMPATHETIC TO VICTIMS OF SERB AGGRESSION IN BOSNIA." HE SAID THAT EVEN WITHOUT THE MASSIVE HUMANITARIAN AID FROM THE USA, THE BOSNIAN PEOPLE WOULD HAVE FOUND STRENGTH IN SIMPLY KNOWING THAT AMERICANS WERE SYMPATHETIC TO THEIR CAUSE. BUT THEY DEEPLY APPRECIATED THE HUMANITARIAN AID, HE SAID, AND WOULD REMAIN ETERNALLY GRATEFUL. UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 04 ZAGREB 01634 03 OF 04 251058Z -------------- PEOPLE FEAR A RETURN TO HUNGER -------------- ¶9. ALTHOUGH THERE IS FOOD IN ZENICA NOW, THE HUNGER THAT PEOPLE EXPERIENCED IN DECEMBER AND JANUARY IS STILL FOREMOST ON THEIR MINDS. EVEN THOUGH THEY NOW HAVE AMPLE FOOD TO EAT, THE MINISTER SAID, THERE IS GREAT ANXIETY THAT THE FOOD WILL RUN OUT AND HUNGER WILL RETURN. THE MINISTER SAID THAT 17 PER CENT OF THE LAND AROUND ZENICA IS ARABLE AND THAT MORE HAS BEEN CULTIVATED THIS YEAR THAN EVER BEFORE. -------------- FOREIGN INTEREST IN BOSNIAN RESOURCES -------------- ¶10. THE MINISTER SAID THAT THE BRITISH HAD SHOWN UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 01 ZAGREB 01634 04 OF 04 251058Z ACTION SS-00 INFO LOG-00 AID-01 AMAD-01 CA-02 CIAE-00 OASY-00 EUR-01 OIGO-01 HA-09 HHS-01 IMMC-01 TEDE-00 INR-00 IO-16 L-01 ADS-00 NSAE-00 OIC-02 PM-00 RP-10 SR-00 SSO-00 PMB-00 /046W -------------- 3FC542 251611Z /38 R 251126Z APR 94 FM AMEMBASSY ZAGREB TO USEC BRUSSELS USMISSION USUN NEW YORK USMISSION GENEVA SECSTATE WASHDC 1660 INFO CINCUSAREUR HEIDELBERG GE//J3/J4/J5/POLAD// CINCUSAFE RAMSTEIN AB GE// CINCUSNAVEUR LONDON UK//N2/N22// COM SIXTHFLT//N2// AMEMBASSY VIENNA AMEMBASSY ROME AMEMBASSY PARIS AMEMBASSY LJUBLJANA AMEMBASSY LONDON AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST AMEMBASSY BONN AMEMBASSY ATHENS USEUCOM VAIHINGEN GE//ECJ3/ECJ4/ECJ5/EC POLAD// WHITE HOUSE WASHDC HQ JTF PP NAPLES IT//CA/POLAD// JOINT STAFF WASHDC//J3/J4/J5// UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 02 ZAGREB 01634 04 OF 04 251058Z SECDEF WASHDC//ISA/ISP// 497IG AMHS BOLLING AFB DC//INAGE// USMISSION USNATO AMEMBASSY BELGRADE UNCLAS SECTION 04 OF 04 ZAGREB 001634 SIPDIS STATE PASS TO AID VIENNA FOR BOSNIA AID FOR AA/BHR, EUR/RME, BHR/FFP, AND BHR/OFDA/DRD BUDAPEST FOR RFMC/CEE STATE FOR IO, IO/PHO, EUR/EEA/RJOHNSON EUR/EE/RERDMAN AND JMOORE, PM/ISO, AND RP USMISSION GENEVA FOR RMA, AAO SECDEF ALSO FOR ISA/GLOBAL AFFAIRS OSD/HRA/IRVIN BONN ALSO FOR GSO KAREN KLEMP RAMSTEIN FOR DO/LG/XP/IN/POLAD// E.O. 12356: N/A TAGS: PREF AORC EAID PHUM HR AORC EAID PHUM HR AORC EAID PHUM HR AORC EAID PHUM HR BK SUBJECT: TFSROL: DART FIELD OFFICER'S VISIT WITH BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT'S REPRESENTATIVE IN ZENICA AN INTEREST IN THE COAL MINES IN CENTRAL BOSNIA. ACCORDING TO THE MINISTER, THE BRITISH SEEM TO BE INTERESTED IN FINDING PLACES TO DEPOSIT UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 03 ZAGREB 01634 04 OF 04 251058Z RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL AND OTHER HAZARDOUS WASTE. THEY WERE ESPECIALLY INTERESTED IN THE ABANDONED TUNNELS OF SOME OF THE OLDER MINES WHERE THE COAL HAD PLAYED OUT. THE FRENCH, HE SAID, WERE INTERESTED IN THE GAS IN THE MINES. IT WASN'T CLEAR WHETHER THEY WERE INTERESTED IN NATURAL GAS DEPOSITS, OR IN THE COAL GASIFICATION PROCESS. NO ONE HAS YET SHOWN AN INTEREST IN OIL EXPLORATION, THE MINISTER SAID. - -------------- CROATS AND SERBS IN ZENICA -------------- ¶11. THE MINISTER SAID THAT ALTHOUGH MOST OF THE CROATIAN POLITICAL LEADERS HAVE LEFT, THE CROATIANS WHO REMAIN IN ZENICA ARE WELL- REPRESEN TED BY THEIR CHURCH LEADERS AND INTELLECTUALS IN THE COMMUNITY. THERE WERE 22,000 CROATS IN THE ZENICA REGION BEFORE THE WAR. NOW THERE ARE 15,000. TWENTY PER CENT OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT POSITIONS ARE DIVIDED EQUALLY BETWEEN THE SERB AND CROATIAN CITIZENS OF THE REGION. THERE WERE 20,000 SERBS IN THE ZENICA REGION BEFORE THE WAR. BETWEEN 10,000 AND 15,000 REMAIN. THE LEADER OF THE LOCAL ORTHODOX CHURCH IS THEIR SPOKESMAN. -------------- CONCLUSION UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 04 ZAGREB 01634 04 OF 04 251058Z -------------- ¶12. THIS VERY INFORMATIVE MEETING SHOWED THE MINISTER OF ZENICA TO BE A SOPHISTICATED, INTELLIGENT MAN WITH A FULL PLATE OF PROBLEMS AND PLANS TO HELP REBUILD HIS COUNTRY. THE RETURN TO NORMALIZATION WILL BE A DIFFICULT ROAD, BUT THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT APPEARS TO BE LOOKING BEYOND IMMEDIATE DIFFICULTIES AND FORMULATING PLANS FOR LONG-TERM REDEVELOPMENT. GALBRATIH UNCLASSIFIED >