UNDERSTANDINGS RELATING TO CEASE-FIRE AND UN OBSERVERS

C O N F I D E N T I A L STATE 274007

GENEVA FO DCM MARSH; HELSINKI FOR IO DAS SHAW SMITH

FOLLOWING REPEAT SENT ACTION SECSTATE INFO USUN NEW YORK
SECDEF WASHDC DIA WASHDC USCINCCENT MACDILL AFB FL AUGUST 17
QUOTE

C O N F I D E N T I A L BAGHDAD 04483

E.O. 12356: DECL:OADR
TAGS: PREL MOPS UNSC IZ IR
SUBJECT: UNDERSTANDINGS RELATING TO CEASE-FIRE AND UN OBSERVERS


1. CONFIDENTIAL ENTIRE TEXT.


2. DURING AUGUST 17 MEETING (SEPTEL),UNDER SECRETARY
ZAHAWI AND INTERNATIONAL-LAW EXPERT QAYSI HANDED TO
AMBASSADOR AS HDAS N DRCSMENTS. INCLUDED WERE TWO
UNDATED "ANNEXES," ONE ENTITLED, "UNDERSTANDINGS
RELATING TO THE CEASE-FIRE," AND THE OTHER, "ARRANGE-
MENTS PERTAINING TO THE ESTABLISHMENT AND DEPLOYMENT
OF UNITED NATIONS OBSERVERS." THESE ANNEXES BEGIN
AT A PAGE NUMBERED TEN, SUGGESTING THAT THEY FOLLOWED
A DECLARATION OR AGREEMENT. WE GUESS THAT THEY WERE
PART OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL'S AUGUST 8 DECLARATION
OF CEASE-FIRE.


3. FOLLOWING IS VERBATIM TEXT OF THE TWO ANNEXES:

ANNEX I
UNDERSTANDINGS RELATING TO THE CEASE-FIRE


1. IRAN AND IRAQ HAVE AGREED TO ISSUE THE NECESSARY
ORDERS OF ALL FORCES UNDER THEIR COMMAMNND CONL
SCRUPULOUSLY TO OBSERVE THE CEASE-FIRE AND TO DIS-
CONTINUE ALL MILITARY ACTIONS ON LAND, AT SEA AND IN
THE AIR ON 20 AUGUST 1988 STARTING AT 0300 HOURS
GMT. IN THIS CONNECTION, THEY HAVE UNDERTAKEN TO
ENSURE THAT SUCH ORDERS ARE ISSUED IN TIME TO REACH
ALL CONCERNED BY THE TIME THE CEASE-FIRE COMES INTO
FORCE.


2. TO ENSURE THAT THE CEASE-FIRE HOLDS, IRAN AND
IRAQ HAVE AGREED THAT:


A. ON LAND:

- UNITED NATIONS OBSERVERS, TOGETHER WITH THE PARTIES,
WILL ESTABLISH AGREED CEASE-FIRE LINES ON THE BASIS OF
FORWARD DEFENDED LOCALITIES HELD BY THE TWO SIDES
D-DAY. (THESE POSITIONS MAY BE ADJUSTED AS MAY BE
AGREED, WHEN THE POSITIONS OF THE TWO SIDES ARE JUDGED
TO BE DANGEROUSLY CLOSE TO EACH OTHER.)

- THE FOLLOWING WILL BE PROHIBITED:

- FIRING ACROSS THE CEASE-FIRE LINES;

- NEW WIRING AND MINING OF ANY POSITION;

- REINFORCING EXISTING FORWARD DEFENDED LOCALITIES
WITH MEN OR WARLIKE STORES AND EQUIPMENT;

- REDEPLOYMENT OF TROOPS TO OTHER AND MORE ADVANTAGEOUS
GROUND;

- FORWARD MOVEMENT OF A BODY OF TROOPS, WARLIKE
STORES AND EQUIPMENT, EXCEPT FOR RELIEF AND MAINTENANCE


B. IN THE AIR:

- NO AIRCRAFT OF EITHER SIDE WILL FLY CLOSER TO THE
CEASE-FIRE LINE THAN A DISTANCE TO BE AGREED UPON,
WITH A FEW EXCEPTIONS THAT MAY BE AGREED UPON ON AN
AD HOC BASIS.

- IN ADDITION, NO ARMED OR RECONNAISSANCE AIRCRAFT
OF EITHER SIDE WILL BE PERMITTED CLOSER THAN 25 KM
TO THE INTERNATIONAL BORDER.


C. AT SEA:

- EACH PARTY SHALL RESPECT THE PRINCIPLE OF FREEDOM
OF NAVIGATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL LAW;

- ACCESS TO THE AIR-SPACE OUTSIDE THE LIMITS OF THE
TERRITORIAL WATERS OF THE PARTIES SHALL BE LIMITED
TO UNARMED AIRCRAFT, CIVILIAN HELICOPTERS AND TRANS-
PORT PLANES INVOLVED IN CIVILIAN ACTIVITIES OF THE
AREA;

- IN ORDER TO AVOID INCIDENTS NEAR TO THE MOUTH OF
THE SHATT-AL-ARAB, A UNITED NATIONS NAVAL PRESENCE
WILL BE ESTABLISHED, IN AN AREA TO BE DEFINED, TO
OBSERVE AND MONITOR THE ACTIVITIES OF THE PARTIES.


3. IN ADDITION TO THE ABOVE, THE PARTIES HAVE AGREED
TO EXAMINE IN GOOD FAITH THE FOLLOWING FURTHER ARRANGE-
MENTS WOCH WOULD COME INTO EFFECT FOLLOWING WITHDRAWAL
OF FORCES TO THE INTERNATIONAL BORDER:

- NEITHER PARTY WOULD DEPLOY ITS MILITARY FORCES
CLOSER TO THE BORDER THAN A DISTANCE TO BE AGREED
UPON;

- EACH SIDE WOULD AGREE, ON A RECIPROCAL BASIS, TO
OBSERVE CERTAIN LIMITATIONS ON THE NUMBER AND CALIBER
OF WEAPONS (ARTILLERY, MORTARS, TANKS AND ARMOURED
VEHICLES) WHICTITXDED BY AN OFFICER IN THE RANK
OF A MAJOR-GENERAL AND WILL BE ORGANIZED INTO A
HEADQUARTERS OF ABOUT...OFFICERS ANDHTWO AYAKPVSOHF,
EACH OF WHICH WILL BE ATTACHED TO THE ARMIES OF IRAN
AND IRAQ IN THE FIELD. EACH DETACHMENT, TO BE
HEADED BY AN OFFICER IN THE RANK OF BRIGADIER, WILL
CONSIST OF A HEADQUARTERS AND SMALL INTERNATIONAL
TEAMS TO SUPERVISE THE WITHDRAWAL, MONITOR THE CEASE-
FIRE, INVESTIGATE ON THE GROUND COMPLAINTS REGARDING
VIOLATIONS OF THE CEASE-FIRE AND RESTORE THE CEASE-
FIRE IN CASE OF BREACHES.


4. GIVEN THE GREAT LENGTH OF THE LINE OF CONFONTA-
TION AND IN ORDER TO FULFILL THE TASKS ASSIGNED TO
THEM, UNITED NATIONS MILITARY PERSONNEL SHALL BE
DEPLOYED IN GROUPS WHICH SHALL BE CO-LOCATDD WITH
THE FORMATION HEADQUARTERS SUCH AS DIVISIONAL HEAD-
QUARTERS OF THE ARMIES OF IRAN AND IRAQ IN THE FIELD.
OBSERVERS SHALL BE SENT OUT FROM THESE GROUPS TO
INVESTIGATE INCIDENTS, AS CIRCUMSTANCES MAY DEMAND.


5. TO FACILITATE THE EXECUTION OF THE TASKS OF THE
UNITED NATIONS OBSERVER GROUP, IRAN AND IRAQ HAVE
UNDERTAKEN TO ENSURE THE FOLLOWING:

- FULL SUPPORT AND COOPERATION TO THE UNITED NATIONS
OBSERVER GROUP AND THE SUPPORTING PERSONNEL;

- PROMPT AND EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE, INCLUDING FREEDOM
OF MOVEMENT AND COMMUNICATIONS, ACCOMMODATIN,
TRANSPORTATION, AND OTHER FACILITIES THAT MAY BE
NECESSARY FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF THE OBSERVERS'
TASKS. (THE DETAILS OF THE REQUIREMENTS WILL BE
DISCUSSED BETWEEN THE CHIEF MILITARY OBSERVER AND
THE APPROPRIATE AUTHORITIES OF IRAN AND IRAQ.)

- RELEVANT PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES PROVIDED FOR
BY THE CONVENTION ON THE PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES
OF THE UNITED NATIONS.

- THE SAFETY OF THE UNITED NATIONS OBSERVER GROUP
AND ALL PERSONNEL ASSIGNED IN SUPPORT OF THE GROUP,
WHILE OPERATING IN THEIR RESPECTIVE COUNTRIES.


6. ADDITIONALLY, IRAN AND IRAQ HAVE AGREED TO:

- PERMIT THE UNITED NATIONS OBSERVERS AND THE
SUPPORTING STAFF TO BE ESTABLISHED IN THE AREA,
NO LATER THAN TEN DAYS BEFORE D-DAY;

- PROVIDE THE CHIEF MILITARY OBSERVER AND THE TWO
DETACHMENT COMMANDERS WITH ALL RELEVANT INFORMATION
REGARDING THE DEPLOYMENT OF THEIR FORCES IN THE
FIELD, IN ORDER TO ASSIST THEM IN DETERMINING THE
DEPLOYMENT OF THEIR PERSONNEL; AND

- FACILITATE THE COMPLETION OF THE DEPLOYMENT OF
THE MILITARY OBSERVERS AND THE SUPPORTING PERSONNEL
WITH THEIR FORCES IN THE FIELD NO LATER THAN 24
HOURS PRIOR TO D-DAY.
END TEXT. GLASPIE
UNQUOTE


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