JAPANESE MORNING PRESS HIGHLIGHTS 03//09

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E.O. 12958: N/A TAGS: OIIP KMDR KPAO PGOV PINR ECON ELAB JA SUBJECT: JAPANESE MORNING PRESS HIGHLIGHTS 03//09 Index: Defense and security affairs: 1) Government to issue order at to Self-Defense Forces end of month to destroy incoming missiles from North Korea (Yomiuri) 2) Cabinet approval coming for missile-intercept plan (Asahi) 3) Government considering additional sanctions on North Korea if its launches a missile at Japan (Nikkei) 4) Defense Ministry will not budge on Okinawa request to change Futenma relocation plan (Yomiuri) 5) Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) to call for adding Diet approval to the new bill allowing MSDF anti-piracy operations overseas (Mainichi) "Ozawa shock": 6) As a result of the political donation scandal centered on party head Ozawa, the DPJ has been taking a flexible approach in its Diet tactics (Tokyo Shimbun) 7) The scandal set off by the arrest of an Ozawa aide for accepting illegal donations has upset Ozawa's election strategy to win big in the regions (Mainichi) 8) Twenty of Nishimatsu Construction's subcontractors in northern Japan were under the thumb of Ozawa's aide, who required them to donate contributions (Mainichi) 9) Ozawa's order to the DPJ to end acceptance of all donations from companies and organizations has set off debates in the ruling and opposition camps (Nikkei) 10) Liberal Democratic Party's (LDP) Kunio Hatoyama has set up a new political group, apparently in anticipation of making a bid for party president (Sankei) 11) Under Kyoto Protocol, Japanese government has purchased 30 million tons of emission rights from Ukraine (Asahi) 12) Fair Trade Commission has fined 12 air cargo companies for running a cartel (Sankei) Articles: 1) Gov't to order SDF to destroy N. Korean missile YOMIURI (Page 2) (Full) March 19, 2009 Concerning North Korea's readiness to launch a ballistic missile as a "satellite," the government decided yesterday to order the Self-Defense Forces as early as late this month to destroy missiles and any other projectiles to prevent their landing on Japanese territorial soil or waters. This missile destruction order will be issued by the defense minister in conformity with SDF Law Article 82-2 since the SDF will intercept missiles with its missile defense (MD) system. The law stipulates that the SDF is to destroy "ballistic missiles and the like" flying toward Japan. The government takes the position that they include satellites and their launching vehicles that may fall in Japan's territorial soil or waters due to an accident or for some other reasons. The SDF law preconditions the issuance of a missile destruction order on the prime minister's approval. Specifically, a missile destruction order will be issued after a cabinet decision. The destruction order is expected to be made public. TOKYO 00000605 002 OF 010 SUBJECT: JAPANESE MORNING PRESS HIGHLIGHTS 03//09 Meanwhile, the SDF law stipulates that the defense minister may issue a missile destruction order to the SDF beforehand during a certain period of time in order to provide against an emergency. In this case, there is no need for a cabinet decision. However, the defense ministry fears that North Korea may launch a missile after the preissued order's expiry, according to one of the ministry's senior officials. Given this, the government will not make public whether it has issued a missile destruction order. The government has not decided whether or not to issue the missile destruction order after adopting it in a cabinet meeting. The SDF, once it receives the order, will destroy a missile or other projectile outside the atmosphere that will land on Japan using SM-3 missiles launched from an Aegis vessel, and if the missile slips through, destroy it with ground-based PAC-3 missiles. If the missile will not fall on Japan, it will not be intercepted. 2) Cabinet decision in focus for missile intercept ASAHI (Page 4) (Full) March 19, 2009 North Korea has recently declared its plan to launch a "satellite." In response, the government is now studying whether it will make a cabinet decision on a "ballistic missile destruction order" to be issued under the Self-Defense Forces Law. The government is also studying where to deploy the Patriot Advanced Capability 3 (PAC-3), a land-based ground-to-air guided missile. This, however, may fan public anxiety or incur North Korea's sharp reaction. The government will therefore make a careful judgment. Concerned about public unrest The missile destruction order is prescribed in an amendment of 2005 to the SDF law. This destruction order, if issued, would be applied for the first time. The SDF, based on this destruction order, is to destroy missiles and any other projectiles like satellite-launching vehicles should they land in Japan. Chief Cabinet Secretary Kawamura, meeting the press yesterday, stated: "We must make efforts to wipe away the people's anxieties. We're studying whatever we can do for crisis management while anticipating every possible situation." There are two missile destruction orders. One is based on a cabinet decision. This destruction order will be issued by the defense minister to the SDF after it is adopted in a cabinet meeting. The other destruction order is to be issued beforehand by the defense minister without a cabinet decision. This order is intended to provide against an emergency. A Defense Ministry official says the order should be based on a cabinet decision. If the order is issued at the defense minister's discretion only, the Defense Ministry will have to be held responsible. The Defense Ministry therefore wants to get a cabinet endorsement. One government source said: "If the government makes a cabinet decision to adopt this order, it means the government acknowledges that a missile may head toward Japan. Even if North Korea does not aim at Japan, I don't know if they think their missile is a piece of junk and might fall on Japan. As for the rest, it's up to a political judgment." One high-ranking government official will respect the Defense TOKYO 00000605 003 OF 010 SUBJECT: JAPANESE MORNING PRESS HIGHLIGHTS 03//09 Ministry's judgment, saying: "As for whether a cabinet decision is needed or not, the Defense Ministry will primarily make a judgment. Based on that, the government will study this matter." The government is expected to shortly hold a meeting of the chief cabinet secretary, foreign minister, and defense minister for coordination in the final phase. But there are also cautious arguments about making a cabinet decision to adopt the missile destruction order. This will make it easy for the government to alert the nation. However, it may heighten public fears. "This is the most important thing we should consider," an aide to the prime minister said. A senior official of the Cabinet Secretariat indicated that if we're in a panic and if many people will not go out, that will only benefit North Korea. Where to deploy PAC-3 batteries The PAC-3 for missile interception is currently placed at nine air defense missile detachments in the Kanto and Chubu regions. North Korea says its "satellite" will be passing over the northeastern districts of Japan. If it does so as North Korea says, the PAC-3 will not be able to cover the districts. The PAC-3 is capable of covering areas within a radius of several dozen kilometers. PAC-3 batteries, when moved out for missile interception, will have to be deployed near predesignated areas for defense. The Defense Ministry is also thinking of mobilizing the PAC-3 batteries to the northeastern districts. However, the ministry will have to make a difficult judgment for where to deploy the PAC-3. Ballistic missile destruction order for two cases Based on cabinet decision Preordered by defense minister Conditions If and when a missile is feared to come flying to Japan A missile is not feared to come flying to Japan, but to provide against an emergency Procedures The defense minister issues with the prime minister's approval The defense minister issues without the prime minister's approval Public announcement Upon a cabinet decision Not made public Plus Easy to alert the public. Easy to ready PAC-3 deployment. Easy to ensure civilian control. Not fan public unrest. Not irritate North Korea. Minus Public anxieties may spread. Order issued will be made known to North Korea as well, highly likely to incur North Korea's repulsion. PAC-3 deployment requires public accountability. Hard to alert the public. Civilian control feared to be insufficient. 3) North Korean missile issue: Government seriously considering additional sanctions, such as expanding export ban and extending period of ban NIKKEI (Page 2) (Abridged slightly) March 19, 2009 The government has begun seriously considering the imposition of additional sanction measures in reaction to the expected ballistic missile launch by North Korea. Key options include expanding the ban on exports and prolonging the sanctions period. At the same time, there is a view that the impact of Japan's alone taking sanctions would be limited. The government intends to make a decision after monitoring developments in the North and public opinion. TOKYO 00000605 004 OF 010 SUBJECT: JAPANESE MORNING PRESS HIGHLIGHTS 03//09 Keiji Furuya, chair of the abduction issue special committee of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP),made a request yesterday to Chief Cabinet Secretary Takeo Kawamura to impose additional sanctions on North Korea. Furuya quoted Kawamura as saying in response: "If the North continues taking a provocative attitude, we need to impose such sanctions." The special committee chiefly consists of ruling party members with hard-line views toward the North. Additional proposed sanction measures finalized by the committee in March include: (1) extending the sanctions period, which is to expire on April 13, for another year instead of six months, as has been done in the past; and (2) banning all exports of goods to North Korea. The Prime Minister's Office (Kantei),too, has been studying steps since last week with officials in charge from all relevant government agencies. The government is envisaging a two-stage approach: a UN Security Council sanctions resolution and Japan's independent sanctions. China and Russia are reportedly reluctant to adopt a UN resolution. Some observers think if the North launches a satellite, as claimed, adopting a UNSC resolution would be difficult. The opinion is gaining ground in the government and the ruling bloc that if the UN fails to adopt a sanctions resolution, Japan should go ahead and step up its sanctions independently. According to the North's report to the International Maritime Organization (IMO),the first stage of the "satellite" rocket is expected fall in the Sea of Japan. "Since the area (designated as a danger zone by the North) is close to Japan, we need to raise our voice regardless of reactions of other countries," a Kantei source said. In the event Japan imposes sanctions independently, to what extent the step would work as pressure on the North remains unknown. Japan has already banned North Korean ships from calling at Japanese ports and economic exchanges between Japan and the North have been reduced. Given that the abduction issue has made no progress, if the North fires another missile, Japan cannot afford to overlook it. A prime ministerial aide took this view: "Policy-wise, there is room for considering options, but there is no option for a political decision." 4) Defense Ministry plans to implement Futenma relocation just as originally planned; Environmental assessment report ready YOMIURI (Page 2) (Excerpts) March 19, 2009 In connection with the relocation of the U.S. Marines' Futenma Air Station (Ginowan City, Okinawa Prefecture),the Defense Ministry has firmed up its policy intention to go ahead with the original plan and not alter the location of site for the alternate facility. It will first ready a report with the results of an environmental-assessment survey carried out in coastal portion of Camp Schwab (Nago City, same prefecture),which is the relocation site. Although the prefecture has sought to have the relocation site move into the sea waters, citing the noise factor, the government in its survey did not come up with a rational reason for complying. The preparatory report will be presented to Governor Hirokazu Nakaima possibly in early April. TOKYO 00000605 005 OF 010 SUBJECT: JAPANESE MORNING PRESS HIGHLIGHTS 03//09 The governor will next prevent his view of the preparatory report, based on the Environmental Protection Law. He is expected around September to again assert that the site be moved into the sea. The government aims to start construction of the new facility in 2010 and complete the relocation by 2014. Since landfill operations along the coastline require the approval of the governor, the focus will be on how the government responds, after hearing the view of the governor. The U.S. side is against moving the site into the sea, saying the plan should be implemented as originally agreed by the U.S. and Japan. 5) Anti-piracy legislation: Use of MSDF the biggest point at issue; DPJ sorts out points at issue, including reporting to Diet MAINICHI (Page 2) (Abridged slightly) March 19, 2009 Yoshitaka Koyama In the wake of the government's presentation of anti-piracy legislation to the Diet, the members of the Democratic Party of Japan's (DPJ) foreign affairs and defense departments met yesterday to sort out the main points at issue. The legislation stipulates, "When the Japan Coast Guard (JCG) finds it difficult to deal with, the Maritime Self-Defense Force (MSDF) shall be dispatched." In yesterday's meeting, many indicated that the use of the MSDF was too abrupt. The group defined the need to dispatch the MSDF as the biggest point at issue, while deciding to seek an explanation for it. The group also pointed out the need for Diet approval of such dispatches. The discussion was based on a report produced on March 17 by Policy Research Committee Chair Masayuki Naoshima and the foreign and defense ministers of the party's "next cabinet." One member pointed out the option of using diplomatic efforts to promote reforms in pirate-infested Somalia, which is in a state of anarchy. Another member voiced the need to increase the JCG's budget to build ships fit for long cruises. The prevailing view at the discussion for sorting out points at issue was that the party envisioned revisions to the government's bill. The DPJ, however, has yet to determine its final policy course. The members will meet again on March 19 to finalize the points at issue. In yesterday's meeting, the members did not discuss such options as relaxing the weapons-use rules and expanding the scope of escort to include foreign ships in addition to Japanese-registered -- matters discussed in the ruling bloc. The reason is because the DPJ still thinks the explanation of the dispatch of the MSDF was insufficient, while the ruling camp has already endorsed the MSDF dispatch under the SDF Law. 6) DPJ has eased its tough stance and has become flexible in Diet tactics, reflecting the Nishimatsu scandal TOKYO SHIMBUN (Page 2) (Excerpt) March 19, 2009 There has been a change in the pattern of maneuvering between the ruling and opposition camps in the Diet. The Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ),with the arrest of the policy secretary of President TOKYO 00000605 006 OF 010 SUBJECT: JAPANESE MORNING PRESS HIGHLIGHTS 03//09 Ichiro Ozawa for taking large amounts of donations from Nishimatsu Construction Co., has been hit with a mood of depression that has muted its usual confrontational stance in the Diet. In addition, the united front among the opposition parties that had consolidated their resolve to fight in the next Lower House election has started to crumble, as can be easily perceived in their handling of Diet affairs. 7) Ozawa's election strategy goes awry MAINICHI (Page 2) (Full) March 19, 2009 Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) President Ichiro Ozawa's first state-funded secretary has been arrested on suspicion of the Political Funds Control Law. The secretary's arrest is upsetting Ozawa's strategy of winning the next House of Representatives election by building on the momentum from victories in major local elections. Ozawa yesterday accepted the request from officials connected with the gubernatorial election of Akita Prefecture that the opposition forces should be allowed to enter the election effectively divided. The official campaign for the Akita gubernatorial election on April 12 will kick off March 26. Concerned about any negative impact from his secretary's arrest, Ozawa has not visited Chiba Prefecture, which will hold its gubernatorial election on March 29. "The DPJ Akita chapter has left the cooperation table of the coalition of (the DPJ, Social Democratic Party and People's New Party)." With this remark, officials from Rengo (Japanese Trade Union Confederation) Akita and the SDP, who called yesterday on Ozawa at DPJ headquarters, expressed their displeasure. Ozawa just listened to them for about 40 minutes, skipping lunch. Two candidates are running in the Akita race: one candidate backed by the DPJ Akita chapter and part of the assembly members belonging to the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and the other supported by the DPJ and SDP Akita chapters. After the meeting, Ozawa told reporters: "DPJ headquarters has received no word from the prefectural chapter. I presume that they will fight the election on their own judgment." He then stressed: "We have agreed that we will maintain cooperation among the opposition parties in fighting the next general election with an eye on a change in government." When the Yamagata gubernatorial election was held in January, Ozawa entered Yamagata immediately before the election day to support the candidate backed by opposition parties. The candidate defeated the rival backed by the ruling camp. Secretary General Yukio Hatoyama commented: "This is an expression (by the voters) that they wanted to change the government." However, such a situation will unlikely to occur in the Chiba and Akita gubernatorial elections. Ozawa told Hatoyama on the 17th: "I asked (New Party Nippon leader) Yasuo Tanaka (Upper House member) to go to Chiba to support the campaign. I also want you to go there, since voters would listen to you." He said to a lawmaker: "We must win at any cost. But I can't go there now." There is a view in the DPJ that if its candidates (in those elections) are defeated, Ozawa should resign as the party president. Ozawa strongly wants to win, but he has to give consideration to any negative impact that might occur due to the donation scandal. 8) Nishimatsu Construction donations: 20 subcontractors in Tohoku TOKYO 00000605 007 OF 010 SUBJECT: JAPANESE MORNING PRESS HIGHLIGHTS 03//09 region cooperated; Bills sent from Ozawa side MAINICHI (Page 29) (Full) March 19, 2009 Concerning the allegation that Nishimatsu Construction Co., a second-tier general construction contractor, made indirect donations to the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) President Ichiro Ozawa side through its subcontractors, Mainichi Shimbun has learned that at least 20 subcontractors in the Tohoku region had cooperated in making such donations. They formed a voluntary organization called Showa-Kai for that purpose. Nishimatsu compensated their payments, by including those amounts in its payments to them for subcontracted building construction works. It appears that the Tokyo Public Prosecutors Office special investigation squad is continuing its investigation, suspecting that Nishimatsu made contributions to the Ozawa side, using one route through dummy organizations and another route using subsidiaries and subcontractors. According to a source connected with Nishimatsu, Showa-Kai was set up by about 20 subcontractors in the Tohoku region more than 10 years ago. An incumbent executive of the Tohoku branch of Nishimatsu Construction served as executive director of the organization and called for cooperation in support of Ozawa. According to a Showa-Kai member, since then the LDP's branch division in Iwate Constituency No. 4 started sending a bill for 500,000 yen to the organization annually. Subcontractors that donated funds to the branch division received compensations from Nishimatsu in the form of those amounts included in its payments for subcontracted works. One member said, "If you say that this is a roundabout donation, it may be so. We just did as our parent company asked us to do." Nishimatsu has donated approximately 25 million yen a year to the Ozawa side from more than 10 years ago. The investigation squad suspects that Nishimatsu had donated approximately 15 million yen to that branch and Rikuzan-kai through Mirai Sangyo Kenkyu-Kai (Future Industry Study Group) and Shin-Seiji Mondai Kenkyu-Ka (New Political Issue Study Group) and approximately 10 million yen to the branch division through contractors and subsidiaries. Showa-Kai is estimated to have been involved in the greater part of the donations made through the latter route. 9) Ozawa orders consideration of whether to completely ban donations from corporations and organizations NIKKEI (Page 2) (Full) March 19, 2009 Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) President Ichiro Ozawa met yesterday with Secretary General Yukio Hatoyama at party headquarters. In the wake of the alleged illegal donation scandal involving Nishimatsu Construction Co., Ozawa instructed Hatoyama to discuss a review of the Political Funds Control Law, including a complete ban on the donations from corporations and organizations. The DPJ intends to submit a bill amending the law to the current Diet session at the earliest, after discussing the issue at its political reform promotion taskforce (headed by Katsuya Okada). Ozawa expressed his willingness to completely prohibit the donations from corporations and organizations. He then pointed out: "We should TOKYO 00000605 008 OF 010 SUBJECT: JAPANESE MORNING PRESS HIGHLIGHTS 03//09 make a clear change and do it quickly." After that, he told reporters at party headquarters: "A complete ban is the only effective method. If we don't do it drastically, our efforts will be meaningless." As to whether a manifesto (set of campaign pledges) for the next House of Representatives election will stipulate a complete ban on such donations, he said: "I would not mind doing so, if everyone agrees." Ozawa's remarks on the complete ban on donations from corporations and organizations created a stir yesterday in the government and ruling parties. Prime Minister Taro Aso told reporters: "I don't think we should take a view that corporate donations are bad. The present system has existed after we had discussed for a long time on the way of donations." LDP Diet Affairs Committee Chairman Tadamori Oshima also told reporters: "The donation system has been made much more open." New Komeito Secretary General Kazuo Kitagawa took a positive stance toward the complete ban on corporate donations. He told reporters: "More restrictions are needed for donations from corporations and organizations." 10) Is LDP's Hatoyama trying to form a new group? SANKEI (Page 2) (Full) March 19, 2009 Internal Affairs and Communications Minister Kunio Hatoyama, a member of the Tsushima faction in the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP),is considering forming a group along with five lawmakers belonging to the Tsushima faction, it was leaned yesterday. Hatoyama had initially decided to hold an inaugural meeting of the group at noon today, when the Tsushima faction holds a regular meeting, but he has cancelled the planned meeting, since the rumor spread faster than expected. According to all those involved, the five lawmakers include Takamori Yoshikawa, Tatsuharu Mawatari and Toru Toida. Hatoyama and the five Lower House members reportedly agreed to hold a regular meeting every Thursday the same time when the Tsushima faction's regular meeting starts. The six members had planned to celebrate the formation of the group at Hatoyama's private office in Tokyo, while having lunch together. A senior Tsushima faction member criticized the six, arguing: "Skipping the faction's meetings is equivalent to withdrawal from the faction." The Tsushima faction lacks unity, as there are such groups as one led by Mikio Aoki, former chairman of the LDP caucus in the House of Councillors, and another one which supported Agriculture Minister Shigeru Ishiba in last years' LDP presidential election. Hatoyama's aide said: "Hatoyama does not have any intention to succeed Prime Minister Taro Aso. So, he called off the meeting planned for the 19th." However, the dominant view in the Tsushima faction is that Hatoyama is eyeing running in the presidential race. 11) CO2 emissions credits: Government to purchase 30 million tons from Ukraine ASAHI (Page 1) (Full) March 19, 2009 TOKYO 00000605 009 OF 010 SUBJECT: JAPANESE MORNING PRESS HIGHLIGHTS 03//09 The government on March 18 announced that it signed a contract to purchase greenhouse gas emissions credits for 30 million tons from the Ukraine government. In order to achieve its goal of cutting carbon emissions as set under the Kyoto Protocol, the government plans to purchase emissions credits for roughly 100 million tons by fiscal 2012. The government has now achieved 30 PERCENT of its plan. The government did not reveal the value of the purchases so as to avoid a possible impact on negotiations with other countries. The market prices of emissions credits for 30 million tons are between 45-50 billion yen. The value of the purchase this time estimated to be lower than that level. Since the price of emissions credits have fallen to one-third of the level last summer due to the financial crisis, the government has judged that the timing is right for such purchases. The cost for the purchase will be used for measures to address global warming in Ukraine. Japan is obligated to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 6 PERCENT in comparison with the 1990 level. The government plans to cover 1.6 PERCENT or roughly 100 million tons through the purchases of emissions credits. It had already obtained emissions credits for about 23 million ton through the Clean Development Mechanisms (CDM), under which industrialized countries that use their own technologies and funds for projects based in developing countries to cut greenhouse gas emissions can offset the cuts against the output of their own country. It has achieved half of its target of obtaining emissions credits, if the amount purchased from Ukraine is included. The government has signed a memorandum for purchases of carbon dioxide emissions credits with Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary. It will continue negotiations with them for such purchases. 12) Administrative surcharges totaling 9 billion yen imposed on 12 freight companies for cartel on international freight transport SANKEI (Page 1) (Full) March 19, 2009 Recognizing 14 major transport companies, such as Nippon Express, as having formed a price cartel over charges for international aircargo transport, the Fair Trade Commission (FTC) has issued an order to end the unfair trade practices to 12 companies with the aim of preventing a recurrence. It has sent orders to them to pay administrative surcharges totaling approximately 9.053 billion yen. The FTC has also issued an order to prevent a recurrence to the Japan Aircargo Forwarders Association (JAF),a venue where the 14 companies conferred on the cartel. DHL Global Forwarding Japan affiliated with a German postal services company was exempted from those orders, as it voluntarily submitted information on its illegal trade practices before coming under scrutiny. The remaining one company had already closed business. According to the FTC, those companies in question had made an arrangement between September 2002 and November 2007 to shift full fuel surcharges they were supposed to pay to airline companies onto consigners. TOKYO 00000605 010 OF 010 SUBJECT: JAPANESE MORNING PRESS HIGHLIGHTS 03//09 Specifics of the cartel were decided at an executive meeting of the JAFA International Department, attended by former Transport Ministry official-turned executives. In November 2007, when there was a press report on the launch of an investigation by U.S. anti-trust officials, they decided not to hold an executive meeting at Nippon Express. The cartel was then dissolved. European and U.S. anti-monopoly officials order airline companies also pay fines for forming such a cartel. In Japan, however, international air fares are exempt from the application of the Anti-Monopoly Law. The volume of international aircargo transport for exports in 2007 reached about 1.15 million tons. Nippon Express', Yusen Air's and Sea Service's (Tokyo) and Kintetsu Express' (Tokyo) share of such transport accounts for nearly 50 PERCENT . Main companies that received an order to pay administrative surcharges and the amounts of such charges are as follows: 2.49503 billion yen on Nippon Express; 1.72828 billion yen on Yusen Air and Sea Service; 1.49461 billion yen on Kintetsu Express; and 851.96 million yen on Nishi Nippon Railroad Co. ZUMWALT