Identifier
Created
Classification
Origin
09TIJUANA33
2009-01-14 00:31:00
UNCLASSIFIED
Consulate Tijuana
Cable title:
STILL PURSUING THE AMERICAN DREAM: AN UPDATE ON TIJUANA'S
how-toR 140031Z JAN 09 FM AMCONSUL TIJUANA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 8186 INFO ALL US CONSULATES IN MEXICO COLLECTIVE AMEMBASSY MEXICO AMCONSUL TIJUANA
UNCLAS TIJUANA 000033
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: PHUM SOCI SMIG ECON
SUBJECT: STILL PURSUING THE AMERICAN DREAM: AN UPDATE ON TIJUANA'S
MIGRANT COMMUNITY
REF: 2008 TIJUANA 698
SUMMARY
Despite a weakening U.S. economy and increased border patrols,
officials and volunteers who work with the migrant community in
Tijuana have not witnessed a slowdown in clientele. The number
of recent deportees, almost none of them originally from
Tijuana, present in Tijuana's shelters continues to rise. Most
deportees will try to return to the U.S. Rescues of migrants
trapped in precarious situations has increased, particularly
near Tecate where some migrants and their "polleros", or paid
guides, are attempting the journey through the mountains to
avoid the border fence being constructed to the west. Migrants
seem determined to pursue the American dream, despite the risks,
and their often difficult lives. END SUMMRY.
LOTS OF DEPORTEES
--------------
2. As reported in reftel, Tijuana is a stopover for
migrants, both those arriving from other parts of Mexico to
attempt the journey north and those recently deported from the
U.S. The more difficult economic circumstances in the U.S.
and tougher border crossing (with a higher price tag) has not
yet diminished the number of migrants in the border area, mostly
due to the increased number of deportees. The Casa de
Migrante, the largest shelter in the Tijuana area, for example,
housed 11,437 migrants in 2008 versus 9,549 in 2007. Father
Luis Kendziernski, director of the Casa de Migrante, points out
that this increase of about twenty percent roughly reflects the
increase in the number of persons deported through
California/Baja California's ports in 2008 (265,054 in 2008
versus 213,056 in 20007). Father Kendziernski says about
seventy percent of his clients are deportees and only thirty
percent are recent arrivals from southern Mexico trying to make
the journey north for the first time. This represents a
reversal from two to three years ago, when the number of recent
arrivals from the south formed the majority of the shelters'
clients. However, it is notable that, while the weakening U.S.
economy is clearly discouraging many, a trickle of would-be
immigrants from other Mexican states are still showing up in
Tijuana's shelters.
3. Moreover, tougher economic conditions and a more difficult
journey for migrants do not appear to be discouraging deportees
from attempting to return. Father Kendziernski says a third of
the deportees will try the journey again right away - probably
because they have no choice if their wife and kids are still in
the U.S. Also, many of the deportees report having spent a
good part of their life in the U.S. (up to fifteen to twenty
years in some cases),so have built up strong networks and made
their lives in the U.S. and have no desire to live in Mexico.
He says that others initially claim they will stay to live in
Mexico, but he believes this is a temporary, impulsive reaction
to being deported and that, after six to eight months of trying
to make a living in the even tougher conditions in Mexico, the
overwhelming majority try the journey again. Those that stay
in Tijuana temporarily can usually eke out a living, but life is
difficult as most have little money (cash they had on them when
caught for deportation is returned by Border Patrol in the form
of a U.S. check, which migrants cannot cash in Mexico),lack
paperwork necessary for a formal sector job, and do not have
family in the area. Only a small percentage return to their
home states permanently.
RECESSION-PROOF JOB: POLLERO
--------------
4. All this means that sketchy "polleros", or guides, benefit
the most by having a continuing supply of repeat customers, and
migrants continue to be subject to harsh conditions and
exploitation. Grupo Beta, a rescue group that is part of the
GOM's National Migration Institute, does daily patrols in the
four main migrant corridors between the Pacific Coast and the
area east of Tijuana. The Group says some migrants simply do
not heed their warnings about harsh weather conditions, probably
because they know of people who have made the trip successfully.
The Group records an increasing number of rescues in the
mountainous areas near Tecate, where "polleros" are trying to
avoid the border fence being built in from the coast. Some
still attempt to cross through the border fence (a number of
patch repairs by Border Patrol are already visible),but the
risk of getting caught is much higher in this one-day journey
than the three- to four-day trip through the deserts or
mountains to the east. In addition to weather, migrants also
face the potential of attacks by armed bandits. Father
Kendziernski says it's hard to know how prevalent this problem
is: some migrants report seeing nobody during their journey,
others report problems. Grupo Beta believes this problem has
existed for years and will not go away.
5. COMMENT: Despite expectations that immigration through
Tijuana to the U.S. would halt, due to a continuing supply of
recent deportees anxious to return to the U.S. and a still
existent, if diminished, trickle of ambitious would-be
immigrants from the south, neither shelter workers nor Grupo
Beta expect a significant decrease in the number of Mexicans
needing their assistance in the medium term.
KRAMER
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: PHUM SOCI SMIG ECON
SUBJECT: STILL PURSUING THE AMERICAN DREAM: AN UPDATE ON TIJUANA'S
MIGRANT COMMUNITY
REF: 2008 TIJUANA 698
SUMMARY
Despite a weakening U.S. economy and increased border patrols,
officials and volunteers who work with the migrant community in
Tijuana have not witnessed a slowdown in clientele. The number
of recent deportees, almost none of them originally from
Tijuana, present in Tijuana's shelters continues to rise. Most
deportees will try to return to the U.S. Rescues of migrants
trapped in precarious situations has increased, particularly
near Tecate where some migrants and their "polleros", or paid
guides, are attempting the journey through the mountains to
avoid the border fence being constructed to the west. Migrants
seem determined to pursue the American dream, despite the risks,
and their often difficult lives. END SUMMRY.
LOTS OF DEPORTEES
--------------
2. As reported in reftel, Tijuana is a stopover for
migrants, both those arriving from other parts of Mexico to
attempt the journey north and those recently deported from the
U.S. The more difficult economic circumstances in the U.S.
and tougher border crossing (with a higher price tag) has not
yet diminished the number of migrants in the border area, mostly
due to the increased number of deportees. The Casa de
Migrante, the largest shelter in the Tijuana area, for example,
housed 11,437 migrants in 2008 versus 9,549 in 2007. Father
Luis Kendziernski, director of the Casa de Migrante, points out
that this increase of about twenty percent roughly reflects the
increase in the number of persons deported through
California/Baja California's ports in 2008 (265,054 in 2008
versus 213,056 in 20007). Father Kendziernski says about
seventy percent of his clients are deportees and only thirty
percent are recent arrivals from southern Mexico trying to make
the journey north for the first time. This represents a
reversal from two to three years ago, when the number of recent
arrivals from the south formed the majority of the shelters'
clients. However, it is notable that, while the weakening U.S.
economy is clearly discouraging many, a trickle of would-be
immigrants from other Mexican states are still showing up in
Tijuana's shelters.
3. Moreover, tougher economic conditions and a more difficult
journey for migrants do not appear to be discouraging deportees
from attempting to return. Father Kendziernski says a third of
the deportees will try the journey again right away - probably
because they have no choice if their wife and kids are still in
the U.S. Also, many of the deportees report having spent a
good part of their life in the U.S. (up to fifteen to twenty
years in some cases),so have built up strong networks and made
their lives in the U.S. and have no desire to live in Mexico.
He says that others initially claim they will stay to live in
Mexico, but he believes this is a temporary, impulsive reaction
to being deported and that, after six to eight months of trying
to make a living in the even tougher conditions in Mexico, the
overwhelming majority try the journey again. Those that stay
in Tijuana temporarily can usually eke out a living, but life is
difficult as most have little money (cash they had on them when
caught for deportation is returned by Border Patrol in the form
of a U.S. check, which migrants cannot cash in Mexico),lack
paperwork necessary for a formal sector job, and do not have
family in the area. Only a small percentage return to their
home states permanently.
RECESSION-PROOF JOB: POLLERO
--------------
4. All this means that sketchy "polleros", or guides, benefit
the most by having a continuing supply of repeat customers, and
migrants continue to be subject to harsh conditions and
exploitation. Grupo Beta, a rescue group that is part of the
GOM's National Migration Institute, does daily patrols in the
four main migrant corridors between the Pacific Coast and the
area east of Tijuana. The Group says some migrants simply do
not heed their warnings about harsh weather conditions, probably
because they know of people who have made the trip successfully.
The Group records an increasing number of rescues in the
mountainous areas near Tecate, where "polleros" are trying to
avoid the border fence being built in from the coast. Some
still attempt to cross through the border fence (a number of
patch repairs by Border Patrol are already visible),but the
risk of getting caught is much higher in this one-day journey
than the three- to four-day trip through the deserts or
mountains to the east. In addition to weather, migrants also
face the potential of attacks by armed bandits. Father
Kendziernski says it's hard to know how prevalent this problem
is: some migrants report seeing nobody during their journey,
others report problems. Grupo Beta believes this problem has
existed for years and will not go away.
5. COMMENT: Despite expectations that immigration through
Tijuana to the U.S. would halt, due to a continuing supply of
recent deportees anxious to return to the U.S. and a still
existent, if diminished, trickle of ambitious would-be
immigrants from the south, neither shelter workers nor Grupo
Beta expect a significant decrease in the number of Mexicans
needing their assistance in the medium term.
KRAMER