(S) TIES BETWEEN PAKISTANI AND AFGHAN

S E C R E T SECTION 01 OF 02 STATE 071311 NOFORN SIPDIS E.O. 12958: DECL: 07/09/2034 TAGS: PINR AE AF BA KU MU PK SA YM SUBJECT: (S) TIES BETWEEN PAKISTANI AND AFGHAN EXPATRIATES IN THE GULF STATES AND EXTREMISTS (C-SA9-01527) REF: RIYADH 000861 Classified By: SUZANNE MCCORMICK, DIR., INR/OPS. REASON: 1.4(C). ¶1. (S/NF) WASHINGTON ANALYSTS, IN RESPONSE TO QUESTIONS FROM THE PRESIDENT'S SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE FOR AFGHANISTAN AND PAKISTAN, HAVE A KEEN INTEREST IN ANY AVAILABLE INFORMATION ON PAKISTANI AND AFGHAN DIASPORA POPULATIONS IN SAUDI ARABIA AND THE GULF STATES. AMBASSADOR HOLBROOKE IS INTERESTED IN INCREASING WORK WITH GULF PARTNERS TO BETTER INTERDICT THE FLOW OF FUNDS TO AL-QA'IDA, THE TALIBAN, AND OTHER PAKISTAN AND AFGHANISTAN-BASED EXTREMISTS. RIYADH 000861 PROVIDES SOME HELPFUL INFORMATION, BUT WE STILL HAVE SIGNIFICANT INFORMATION GAPS, PARTICULARLY ON NEIGHBORING GULF STATES. AS TIME AND RESOURCES PERMIT, ANALYSTS WOULD APPRECIATE ANY ADDITIONAL INFORMATION POSTS CAN PROVIDE ON THE FOLLOWING TOPICS AND QUESTIONS. ¶A. (C) HOW MUCH MONEY DO EXPATS SEND BACK TO THEIR HOME COUNTRY IN ANNUAL REMITTANCES? 1) (C) BY WHAT CHANNELS? HOW OFTEN? 2) (S) DOES THE HOST GOVERNMENT MONITOR THE MONEY FLOWS? IF SO, HOW? ¶B. (U) WHAT ARE THE METHODS WHEREBY SOUTH ASIANS ARE RECRUITED AND/OR RADICALIZED BY GULF-BASED EXTREMISTS? ¶C. (U) DESCRIBE AFGHAN AND PAKISTANI EXPATS AND LOCAL NATIONAL DONATIONS TO CHARITIES THAT MAY SEND MONEY TO AFGHANISTAN OR PAKISTAN. 1) (C) WHICH CHARITIES MIGHT BE ASSOCIATED WITH EXTREMIST GROUPS, TERRORISTS, OR THE AFGHAN OR PAKISTANI GOVERNMENTS? 2) (U) DESCRIBE EXPAT AND LOCAL NATIONAL DONATION LEVELS TO THOSE CHARITIES. WHICH ONES ARE MOST POPULAR? WHICH ONES ARE MOST SUSPECTED OF HAVING EXTREMIST, TERRORIST, OR GOVERNMENT TIES? 3) (U) PLEASE PROVIDE INFORMATION ON ANY CHARITIES RUN BY AFGHAN AND PAKISTANI EXPATS. ¶D. (U) HOW LARGE IS THE POPULATION OF PAKISTANI AND AFGHAN EXPATRIATE WORKERS IN EACH GULF STATE? 1) (U) HOW MANY IN THE SOUTH ASIAN COMMUNITY ARE PERMANENT RESIDENTS? 2) (U) HOW MANY ARE GUEST WORKERS? 3) (U) WHAT IS THEIR ETHNIC AND, WHERE APPROPRIATE, TRIBAL/CLAN MAKE-UP? ¶E. (C) WHAT LINKS DO THEY HAVE WITH POLITICAL PARTIES, INSURGENTS, OR OTHER EXTREMISTS IN AFGHANISTAN OR PAKISTAN? ¶F. (U) WHO ARE THE KEY LEADERS WITHIN THESE COMMUNITIES? 1) (U) WHAT PROMINENT MOSQUES OR COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS DO THESE EXPATRIATES BELONG TO? DESCRIBE THE MOSQUES' ACTIVITIES AND RELATIONSHIP WITH THE GOVERNMENT, PEOPLE, OR EXTREMIST GROUPS IN AFGHANISTAN OR PAKISTAN. 2) (U) DO EXPATS FOLLOW PROMINENT PAKISTANI, AFGHAN, OR GULF CLERICS? IF SO, WHICH ONES, AND WHY? WHICH PAKISTANI AND AFGHAN CLERICS HAVE THE LARGEST FOLLOWING AMONG EXPATRIATES IN GULF STATES? A) (U) WHERE DID PROMINENT CLERICAL LEADERS RECEIVE THEIR RELIGIOUS EDUCATION AND WHAT SCHOOL OF THOUGHT DO THEY LOOK TO FOR RELIGIOUS GUIDANCE (DEOBANDI, BARELVI, AHL-E HADITH, SALAFI, ETC.)? B) (C) DESCRIBE CLERICS, POLITICAL ACTIVITIES IN GULF STATES, PAKISTAN, OR AFGHANISTAN. 3) (U) WHO ARE THE MOST INFLUENTIAL OR WEALTHY BUSINESSMEN IN THESE COMMUNITIES? WHAT TYPES OF BUSINESSES ARE THEY STATE 00071311 002 OF 002 INVOLVED IN? 4) (U) WHAT LINKS DO THE BUSINESS LEADERS HAVE WITH CLERICS OR EXTREMISTS AT HOME? DESCRIBE ANY ROLE THEY MAY PLAY IN RAISING, HOLDING, OR DISPERSING FUNDS FROM THE EXPAT COMMUNITY? ¶G. (U) HOW DO EXPATS VIEW THE TALIBAN AND OTHER EXTREMISTS IN THEIR HOME COUNTRY? WHAT ASPECTS OF THESE GROUPS' PLATFORMS AND ACTIVITIES DO PAKISTANI AND AFGHAN EXPATRIATES ADMIRE OR REJECT? ¶H. (U) HOW DO EXPATS VIEW THEIR GOVERNMENTS IN KABUL OR ISLAMABAD? ¶I. (C) PLEASE DESCRIBE ANY STEPS THE HOST GOVERNMENTS HAVE TAKEN OR PLANS THEY MIGHT HAVE TO MONITOR OR INFLUENCE THESE EXPAT POPULATIONS. ¶J. (S) TO WHAT EXTENT ARE THE U.S. EMBASSIES WORKING WITH OTHER THIRD-COUNTRY OFFICIAL PERSONNEL TO GATHER INFORMATION ON AND ATTEMPT TO ADDRESS THIS SUBJECT AREA (I.E. THE TRACKING AND STEMMING OF TERRORIST FINANCING FLOWS TO INSURGENT GROUPS IN AFGHANISTAN/PAKISTAN)? ¶K. (C) PLEASE REPORT ON THE TYPES OF MEDIA FOLLOWED AND/OR PARTICIPATED IN BY AFGHAN AND PAKISTANI EXPATRIATES IN SAUDI ARABIA AND THE GULF STATES. ¶2. (U) PLEASE CITE C-SA9-01527 IN THE SUBJECT LINE OF REPORTING IN RESPONSE TO THE ABOVE QUESTIONS. CLINTON