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TAGS: KACT MARR PARM PREL RS US START
SUBJECT: START FOLLOW-ON NEGOTIATIONS, GENEVA (SFO-GVA-V):
(U) U.S.-PROPOSED TREATY JOINT DRAFT TEXT, OCTOBER 1, 2009

Classified By: A/S Rose E. Gottemoeller, United States
START Negotiator. Reasons: 1.4(b) and (d).


1. (U) This is SFO-GVA-V-044.


2. (S) The text at paragraph 3 is the U.S.-proposed treaty
text for the START Follow-on Treaty. The text was provided
to the Russian delegation on October 1, 2009, at the plenary
meeting.


3. (S) Begin text:

SFO-V
U.S. Proposed
Joint Draft
Text
October 1,
2009

TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE RUSSIAN
FEDERATION ON MEASURES FOR THE FURTHER REDUCTION AND
LIMITATION OF STRATEGIC OFFENSIVE ARMS

The United States of America and the Russian
Federation, hereinafter referred to as the Parties,

Committed to the fulfillment of their obligations under
Article VI of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear
Weapons of July 1, 1968, and to the achievement of the
historic goal of freeing humanity from the nuclear threat,

Expressing strong support for global efforts in
non-proliferation,

((Conscious that nuclear war would have devastating
consequences for all humanity, that it cannot be won and must
never be fought,))1

Endeavoring to further reduce the role and importance
of nuclear weapons,

Continuing along the path of forging a new strategic
relationship based on mutual trust, openness, predictability,
and cooperation, and desiring to bring their respective
nuclear postures into alignment with this new relationship,

((Guided by the principle of (undiminished security of
the Parties) (equal security for the Parties) and
convinced))2 ((Convinced))1 that the measures for the
reduction and limitation of strategic offensive arms and the
other obligations set forth in this Treaty will enhance
predictability and stability in strategic offensive arms,

Taking into account the positive effect on the world
situation of significant, verifiable reduction of nuclear
arsenals at the turn of the 21st century;

((Desiring to create a mechanism for verifying
compliance with the obligations under this Treaty, based on
the procedures that were elaborated in the START Treaty, and
supplemented by transparency and confidence-building
measures;))1

Seeking to preserve continuity in, and provide new

impetus to, the step-by-step process of reducing and limiting
nuclear arms while maintaining the safety and security of
their nuclear arsenals, and with a view to expanding this
process in the future, including the possibility of its
multilateralization,

Recognizing the ((inseparable))2 interrelationship
between ((the reduction of))2 strategic offensive ((arms))2
and ((defensive arms))1 ((the deployment and build up of
strategic missile defense systems and their components))2,

((Mindful of the significance of strategic ballistic
missiles))1 ((In agreement that ICBMs and SLBMs))2 in a
non-nuclear configuration ((have an impact on strategic
stability))2,

Recognizing that the Treaty Between the Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics and the United States of America on the
Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms of July
31, 1991, hereinafter referred to as the START Treaty, has
been implemented by the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of
Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation, Ukraine, and the United
States of America and that the reduction levels envisaged by
the Treaty were achieved,

Deeply appreciating the contribution of the Republic of
Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, and Ukraine to ((the
cause of general and complete disarmament and))2
strengthening international peace and security as
non-nuclear-weapon states ((under the Treaty on the
Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons of July 1, 1968))1,

Noting the ((reductions in strategic nuclear warheads
carried out under))1 ((successful implementation of))2 the
Treaty Between the United States of America and the Russian
Federation on Strategic Offensive Reductions of May 24, 2002,

((Believing that global challenges and threats require
continued use of qualitatively new approaches to interaction
on the whole range of strategic relations))1,

Have agreed as follows:

Article I

((1. Each Party shall implement measures aimed at
strengthening trust, openness, and predictability of the
development of strategic relations, and))2 (Each Party))1
shall reduce and limit its strategic offensive arms in
accordance with the provisions of this Treaty and shall carry
out the other obligations set forth in this Treaty and its
Annex((es, Protocols, and Memorandum of Understanding))1.

((2. The obligations under this Treaty shall be assumed by
the Parties in conditions where they have strategic missile
defense systems, hereinafter referred to as MD systems, at
the level existing at the time of Treaty signature.)) 2

((3. The terms and definitions adopted for purposes of this
Treaty are given in Section I of the Annex to this Treaty.))2

Article II

((1.))2 Each Party shall reduce and limit its ICBMs and ICBM

launchers, SLBMs and SLBM launchers, heavy bombers, ICBM
warheads, SLBM warheads, and heavy bomber ((nuclear))2
armaments, so that seven years after entry into force of this
Treaty and thereafter, the aggregate numbers, as counted in
accordance with Article III of this Treaty, do not exceed:

(a) (((500 - 1100)))1 ((500))2, for deployed ICBMs
((and their associated launchers))1 deployed SLBMs ((and
their associated launchers))1, and deployed heavy bombers;

(b) (((1500-1675)))1 ((1675))2, for ((nuclear))1
warheads on deployed ICBMs, ((on))1 deployed SLBMs, and ((on
or associated with))1 deployed heavy bombers ((.))1 ((;
and))2

(((c) 600, ICBM and SLBM launchers.))2

((2. Each Party shall determine for itself the composition
and structure of its strategic offensive arms, based on the
aggregate limits provided for in this Article.))2

Article III


1. For the purposes of counting toward the ((aggregate))2
limit provided for in subparagraph ((1))2 (a) of Article II
of this Treaty:

(a) Each deployed ICBM ((and its associated launcher))1
shall be counted as one unit.

(b) Each deployed SLBM ((and its associated launcher))1
shall be counted as one unit.

(c) Each deployed heavy bomber shall be counted as one
unit.


2. For the purposes of counting toward the ((aggregate))2
limit provided for in subparagraph ((1))2 (b) of Article II
of this Treaty:

(a) ((For ICBMs and SLBMs, the number of nuclear
warheads shall be the number of nuclear-armed reentry
vehicles emplaced on deployed ICBMs and deployed SLBMs.))1
((Each reentry vehicle on deployed ICBMs or SLBMs shall be
counted as one warhead.))2 ((The number of non-nuclear-armed
reentry vehicles emplaced on deployed ICBMs and deployed
SLBMs shall not be included in this number.))1

(b) ((For deployed heavy bombers, the number of nuclear
warheads shall be the number of nuclear armaments loaded on
deployed heavy bombers and in nuclear armaments weapons
storage areas associated with air bases where deployed heavy
bombers are based.))1 ((Each long-range nuclear ALCM and each
other heavy bomber nuclear armament, other than a long-range
nuclear ALCM, on deployed heavy bombers shall be counted as
one warhead.))2 ((The number of non-nuclear armaments loaded
on deployed heavy bombers and in such nuclear armaments
weapons storage areas shall not be included in this number.))1

((3. For the purposes of counting toward the aggregate limit
provided for in subparagraph 1 (c) of Article II of this
Treaty, each deployed launcher of ICBMs and SLBMs, as well as
each non-deployed launcher of ICBMs and SLBMs shall be
counted as one unit.))2


((3. For the purposes of counting deployed ICBMs and their
associated launchers and deployed SLBMs and their associated
launchers:

(a) Each deployed launcher of ICBMs and each deployed
launcher of SLBMs shall be considered to contain one deployed
ICBM or one deployed SLBM, respectively.

(b) If a deployed ICBM has been removed from its
launcher and another missile has not been installed in that
launcher, such an ICBM removed from its launcher and located
at that ICBM base shall continue to be considered to be
contained in that launcher.

(c) If a deployed SLBM has been removed from its
launcher and another missile has not been installed in that
launcher, such an SLBM removed from its launcher shall be
considered to be contained in that launcher. Such an SLBM
removed from its launcher shall be located only at a facility
at which non-deployed SLBMs may be located pursuant to
subparagraph 3(a) of Article IV of this Treaty or be in
movement to such a facility.))1

((4. For the purposes of this Treaty, including counting
ICBMs and SLBMs:

(a) For ICBMs or SLBMs that are maintained, stored, and
transported in stages, the first stage of an ICBM or SLBM of
a particular type shall be considered to be an ICBM or SLBM
of that type.

(b) For ICBMs or SLBMs that are maintained, stored, and
transported as assembled missiles without launch canisters,
an assembled missile of a particular type shall be considered
to be an ICBM or SLBM of that type.

(c) For ICBMs or SLBMs that are maintained, stored, and
transported as assembled missiles in launch canisters, an
assembled missile of a particular type, in its launch
canister, shall be considered to be an ICBM or SLBM of that
type.

(d) Each launch canister shall be considered to contain
an ICBM or SLBM from the time it first leaves a facility at
which an ICBM or SLBM is installed in it until an ICBM or
SLBM has been launched from it or until an ICBM or SLBM has
been removed from it for elimination. A launch canister
shall not be considered to contain an ICBM or SLBM if it
contains a training model of a missile or has been placed on
static display. Launch canisters for ICBMs or SLBMs of a
particular type shall be distinguishable from launch
canisters for ICBMs or SLBMs of a different type.))1

((4. Strategic offensive arms shall be counted toward the
aggregate limits provided for in this Treaty as follows:

(a) ICBMs: from the time an ICBM is placed in (on) an
ICBM launcher, to the time the ICBM is removed from (taken
off) the ICBM launcher;

(b) SLBMs: from the time an SLBM is placed in an SLBM
launcher, to the time the SLBM is removed from the SLBM
launcher;


(c) heavy bombers: from the time a heavy bomber
equipped for nuclear armaments first arrives at an air base
for heavy bombers equipped for nuclear armaments, to the time
when the heavy-bomber conversion or elimination procedures
have been completed;

(d) warheads:

(i) on ICBMs: from the time each reentry vehicle is placed on
a deployed ICBM, to the time each reentry vehicle is taken
off the deployed ICBM or the deployed ICBM with the front
section containing reentry vehicles is removed from (taken
off) the launcher;

(ii) on SLBMs: from the time each reentry vehicle is placed
on a deployed SLBM, to the time each reentry vehicle is taken
off the deployed SLBM or the deployed SLBM with the front
section containing reentry vehicles is removed from the
launcher;

(iii) on heavy bombers: from the time each long-range nuclear
ALCM or each other nuclear armament, other than a long-range
nuclear ALCM, is placed on a deployed heavy bomber, to the
time the enumerated nuclear armaments are taken off the
deployed heavy bomber;

(e) ICBM and SLBM launchers:

(i) silo launcher of ICBMs: from the time the protective
device is first installed and closed, to the time the
protective device of the silo launcher of ICBMs is dismantled;

(ii) mobile launcher of ICBMs: from the time a mobile
launcher of ICBMs arrives at an ICBM base, to the time when
the conversion or elimination procedures for a mobile
launcher of ICBMs have been completed, or the time of its
return to a production facility;

(iii) SLBM launcher: when a submarine coming from a
production facility arrives at a base for submarines with
SLBM launchers, to the time when the conversion or
elimination procedures for an SLBM launcher have been
completed.))2

((5. For the purposes of this Treaty, each reentry vehicle on
an ICBM or SLBM shall be considered to be one nuclear warhead
unless demonstrated otherwise.))1

((6. For purposes of this Treaty, each nuclear armament
loaded on deployed heavy bombers and in nuclear armaments
weapons storage areas associated with air bases where
deployed heavy bombers are based shall be considered to be
one nuclear warhead.))1

((7.))1 ((2. (Article IV)))2 Newly constructed strategic
offensive arms shall begin to be subject to the limitations
provided for in this Treaty as follows:

(a) an ICBM when ((it))1 ((an ICBM or the first stage
of an ICBM that are (sic) maintained, stored, and transported
in stages,))2 first leaves the production facility;

(((b)))1 (((d)(ii)))2 a mobile launcher of ICBMs,

when ((it))1 ((a mobile launcher of ICBMs))2 first leaves a
production facility ((for mobile launchers of ICBMs))1;

(((c)))1 (((d)(i)))2 a silo launcher of ICBMs, when
((excavation for that launcher has been completed and the
pouring of concrete for the silo has been completed, or 12
months after the excavation begins, whichever occurs
earlier))1 ((when the protective device is first installed
and closed))2;

(((d) for the purpose of counting a deployed ICBM and
its associated launcher, a silo launcher of ICBMs shall be
considered to contain a deployed ICBM when excavation for
that launcher has been completed and the pouring of concrete
for the silo has been completed, or 12 months after the
excavation begins, whichever occurs earlier, and a mobile
launcher of ICBMs shall be considered to contain a deployed
ICBM when it arrives at a maintenance facility, or when it
leaves an ICBM loading facility;))1

(((e)))1 (((b)))2 an SLBM, when ((it))1 ((an SLBM or
the first stage of an SLBM that are (sic) maintained, stored,
and transported in stages,))2 first leaves a production
facility;

(((f)))1 (((d)(iii)))2 an SLBM launcher, when the
submarine on which that launcher is installed is first
launched;

(((g) for the purpose of counting a deployed SLBM and
its associated launcher, an SLBM launcher shall be considered
to contain a deployed SLBM when the submarine on which that
launcher is installed is first launched;))1

(((h)))1 (((c)))2 a heavy bomber ((equipped for
nuclear armaments,))1 when ((its))1 ((the))2 airframe ((of a
heavy bomber))2 is first brought out of the shop, plant, or
building in which ((components of such a heavy bomber are
assembled to produce complete airframes;))1 ((the entire
airframe is assembled from heavy bomber components))2 ((or
when its airframe is first brought out of the shop, plant, or
building in which existing bomber airframes are converted to
such heavy bomber airframes))1.

((3. (Article IV) In those cases not provided for by the
provisions of this Treaty, strategic offensive arms shall
begin to be subject to the limitations provided for in this
Treaty in accordance with procedures to be agreed by the
Parties in the Bilateral Consultative Commission.))2
((8. For the purposes of this Treaty:

(a) Only the following types of ICBMs, SLBMs and heavy
bombers shall be subject to the limitations of this Treaty:

i. Existing types listed in paragraph 9 of this Article;
ii. New types declared after the date of signature of this
Treaty; and
iii. Other types if deployed for nuclear weapons after the
date of signature of this Treaty.))1

(((b)))1 ((4. (Article IV)))2 ((A ballistic missile
of a type))1 ((Ballistic missiles that have been))2 developed
and tested solely to intercept and counter objects not
located on the surface of the Earth shall not be considered

to be ((a))1 ballistic missile((s))2 to which the
limitations provided for in this Treaty apply. ((Such
missiles shall not be given the capabilities of ICBMS or
SLBMs; these missiles and their launchers shall have
verifiable differences from the existing types of ICBMs and
SLBMs and their launchers.))2

((The procedures for confirming the presence of the
above-mentioned differences shall be subject to agreement by
the Parties in the Bilateral Consultative Commission.))2

(((c) A new type of ballistic missile developed and
tested solely for the delivery of non-nuclear armaments shall
not be considered to be a ballistic missile to which the
limitations provided for in this Treaty apply.))1

(((d) If a new type of ballistic missile has been
flight-tested or deployed for nuclear weapon delivery, all
ballistic missiles of that type shall be considered to be
ballistic missiles to which the limitations provided for in
this Treaty apply.))1

(((e) Within the same type, a heavy bomber equipped for
nuclear armaments shall be distinguishable from a heavy
bomber equipped for non-nuclear armaments.))1

(((f) Mobile launchers of ICBMs of each new type of
ICBM shall be distinguishable from mobile launchers of ICBMs
of existing types of ICBMs and from mobile launchers of ICBMs
of other new types of ICBMs. Such new launchers, with their
associated missiles installed, shall be distinguishable from
mobile launchers of ICBMs of existing types of ICBMs with
their associated missiles installed, and from mobile
launchers of ICBMs of other new types of ICBMs with their
associated missiles installed.))1

(((g) Mobile launchers of ICBMs converted into
launchers of ICBMs of another type of ICBM shall be
distinguishable from mobile launchers of ICBMs of the
previous type of ICBM. Such converted launchers, with their
associated missiles installed, shall be distinguishable from
mobile launchers of ICBMs of the previous type of ICBM with
their associated missiles installed. Conversion of mobile
launchers of ICBMs shall be carried out in accordance with
procedures to be agreed within the framework of the Bilateral
Consultative Commission.))1

((9.))1 ((1. (Article IV)))2 As of the date of signature of
this Treaty:

(a) Existing types of ICBMs ((and SLBMs))1 are:

(i) for the United States of America, the types of
((missiles))1 ((ICBMs))2 designated by the United States of
America as, and known to the Russian Federation as, Minuteman
III((, and Trident II))1;

(ii) for the Russian Federation, the types of ((missiles))1
((ICBMs))2 designated by the Russian Federation as RS-12M,
RS-18, and RS-20, which are known to the United States of
America as SS-25, SS-19, and SS-18, ((respectively))2;

(((b) Existing types of SLBMs are:

(i) for the United States of America, the types of SLBMs
designated by the United States of America and known to the
Russian Federation as ;))2

(((ii) for the Russian Federation,))2 ((and))1 the types of
((missiles))1 ((SLBMs))2 designated by the Russian
Federation as RSM-50, RSM-52, RSM-54, and RSM-56, which are
known to the United States of America as SS-N-18, SS-N-20,
SS-N-23, and RSM-56, respectively.

(((b) Existing types of ICBMs for mobile launchers of
ICBMs are:

(i) for the United States of America, N/A;

(ii) for the Russian Federation, the types of missiles
designated by the Russian Federation as (TBD)))1

(c) Existing types of ((deployed))1 heavy bombers are:

(i) for the United States of America, the types of bombers
designated by the United States of America as, and known to
the Russian Federation as, B-52H, B-1B and B-2A;

(ii) for the Russian Federation, the types of bombers
designated by the Russian Federation as Tu-95MS and Tu-160,
which are known to the United States of America as Bear H and
Blackjack, respectively.

(((d) Existing types of nuclear armaments for heavy
bombers are:

(i) for the United States of America, the types of nuclear
armaments are nuclear bombs and the air launched cruise
missile designated by the United States of America as, and
known to the Russian Federation as, AGM-86B;
(ii) for the Russian Federation, the types of nuclear
armaments designated by the Russian Federation as (TBD).))1

Article IV

((1. For ICBMs and SLBMs:

(a) Each Party shall limit the aggregate number of
non-deployed ICBMs for mobile launchers of ICBMs to no more
than 80.

(b) Each Party shall limit the number of non-deployed
ICBMs at a maintenance facility of an ICBM base for mobile
launchers of ICBMs to no more than two ICBMs of each type
specified for that ICBM base. Non-deployed ICBMs for mobile
launchers of ICBMs located at a maintenance facility shall be
stored separately from non-deployed mobile launchers of ICBMs
located at that maintenance facility.

(c) Each Party shall limit the aggregate number of
non-deployed ICBMs and SLBMs located at test ranges to no
more than 15.))1

((2. For ICBM launchers and SLBM launchers:

(a) Each Party shall limit the aggregate number of
non-deployed mobile launchers of ICBMs to no more than 80.

(b) Each Party shall limit the number of non-deployed
mobile launchers of ICBMs located at the maintenance facility
of each ICBM base for mobile launchers of ICBMs to no more
than two such ICBM launchers of each type of ICBM specified
for that ICBM base.

(c) Non-deployed mobile launchers of ICBMs that contain
training models of missiles shall not be located outside a
training facility or a test range.

(d) Each Party shall limit the aggregate number of
mobile test launchers at test ranges to no more than 10.
Such test launchers shall be considered to be non-deployed
mobile launchers of ICBMs.

(e) Each Party shall limit the aggregate number of
mobile training launchers to no more than 10. ICBMs shall
not be launched from training launchers. Mobile training
launchers shall not be capable of launching ICBMs, and shall
differ from mobile launchers of ICBMs and other road vehicles
on the basis of differences that are observable by national
technical means of verification.))1

((3. Each Party shall limit the number of test heavy bombers
to no more than 10.))1

((1. (Article V) Each Party shall locate strategic offensive
arms subject to this Treaty only at: ICBM bases, submarine
bases, air bases, storage facilities, conversion or
elimination facilities, repair facilities, training
facilities, and test ranges.))2

((4. With respect to locational and related restrictions on
strategic offensive arms:

(a) Each Party shall locate non-deployed ICBMs and
non-deployed SLBMs only at maintenance facilities of ICBM
bases; submarine bases; ICBM loading facilities; SLBM loading
facilities; production facilities for ICBMs or SLBMs; repair
facilities for ICBMs or SLBMs; storage facilities for ICBMs
or SLBMs; conversion or elimination facilities for ICBMs or
SLBMs; test ranges; or space launch facilities. Prototype
ICBMs and prototype SLBMs, however, shall not be located at
maintenance facilities of ICBM bases or at submarine bases.
Non-deployed ICBMs and non-deployed SLBMs may also be in
transit. Non-deployed ICBMs for silo launchers of ICBMs may
also be transferred within an ICBM base for silo launchers of
ICBMs. Non-deployed SLBMs that are located on missile
tenders and storage cranes shall be considered to be located
at the submarine base at which such missile tenders and
storage cranes are specified as based.

(b) Each Party shall locate non-deployed mobile
launchers of ICBMs only at maintenance facilities of ICBM
bases for mobile launchers of ICBMs, production facilities
for mobile launchers of ICBMs, repair facilities for mobile
launchers of ICBMs, storage facilities for mobile launchers
of ICBMs, ICBM loading facilities, training facilities for
ICBMs, conversion or elimination facilities for mobile
launchers of ICBMs, test ranges, or space launch facilities.
Mobile launchers of prototype ICBMs, however, shall not be
located at maintenance facilities of ICBM bases for mobile
launchers of ICBMs. Non-deployed mobile launchers of ICBMs
may also be in transit.))1



(((c)))1 ((2. (Article V)))2 ((Each Party shall
locate test launchers))1 ((Test launchers of ICBMs or SLBMs
may be located))2 only at test ranges. ((The construction or
conversion of such launchers at test ranges may be carried
out only for purposes of testing and training. The number of
such launchers shall not be increased above the requirements
for testing and training purposes.))2

(((d) A deployed mobile launcher of ICBMs and its
associated missile that relocates to a test range may, at the
discretion of the testing Party, either continue to be
counted toward the limit provided for in Article II of this
Treaty, or be counted as a mobile test launcher. If a
deployed mobile launcher of ICBMs and its associated missile
that relocates to a test range continues to be counted toward
the limit provided for in Article II of this Treaty, the
period of time during which it continuously remains at a test
range shall not exceed 45 days.))1

(((e)))1 ((3. (Article V)))2 ((Each Party shall
locate silo training launchers only at ICBM bases for silo
launchers of ICBMs and training facilities for ICBMs. The
number of silo training launchers located at each ICBM base
for silo launchers of ICBMs shall not exceed one for each
type of ICBM specified for that ICBM base.))1 ((Training
launchers of ICBMs or SLBMs may be located only at ICBM bases
and test ranges. Mobile training launchers of ICBMs may, in
addition, be located at storage facilities for mobile
launchers of ICBMs and at conversion or elimination
facilities. The construction or conversion of such launchers
may be carried out only for purposes of training. The number
of such launchers shall not be increased above the
requirements for training purposes.))2

(((f) Test heavy bombers shall be based only at heavy
bomber flight test centers and at production facilities for
heavy bombers. Training heavy bombers shall be based only at
training facilities for heavy bombers.))1

((6. (Article V) Heavy bombers equipped or converted for
non-nuclear armaments shall be based separately from heavy
bombers equipped for nuclear armaments.))2

((5. Each Party shall limit the duration of each transit to
no more than 30 days.))1

Article ((V))1 ((VI))2


1. Except as prohibited by the provisions of this Treaty,
modernization and replacement of strategic offensive arms may
be carried out.

((2. In the event of the emergence in the future of a new
kind of arm that one Party considers could be a new kind of
strategic offensive arm, that Party shall have the right to
raise the question of such an arm for consideration by the
Bilateral Consultative Commission in accordance with
subparagraph (c) of Article XIII of the Treaty.))1

((2. Each Party undertakes not to deploy ICBMs or SLBMs in a
non-nuclear configuration.))2

((3. Each Party shall have the right to determine for itself

the composition and structure of the strategic offensive arms
within the limitations set forth in this Treaty.))1

((4. Each Party undertakes not to locate deployed silo
launchers of ICBMs outside ICBM bases for silo launchers of
ICBMs.))1

((5. Each Party undertakes not to flight-test from space
launch facilities ICBMs or SLBMs equipped with reentry
vehicles.))1

((6. Each Party undertakes not to use ICBMs or SLBMs for
delivering objects into the upper atmosphere or space for
purposes inconsistent with existing international obligations
undertaken by the Parties.))1 ((3. (Article VII) In
fulfilling obligations under this Treaty, each Party shall
have the right to use ICBMs and SLBMs for placing a payload,
other than any kind of weapon, into space or the upper
atmosphere.))2

((7. Each Party undertakes not to produce, test, or deploy
systems for rapid reload and not to conduct rapid reload.))1
((8. Each Party undertakes not to produce, test, or deploy:

(a) ballistic missiles with a range in excess of 600
kilometers, or launchers of such missiles, for installation
on waterborne vehicles, including free-floating launchers,
other than submarines. This obligation shall not require
changes in current ballistic missile storage, transport,
loading, or unloading practices;

(b) launchers of ballistic or cruise missiles for
emplacement on or for tethering to the ocean floor, the
seabed, or the beds of internal waters and inland waters, or
for emplacement in or for tethering to the subsoil thereof,
or mobile launchers of such missiles that move only in
contact with the ocean floor, the seabed, or the beds of
internal waters and inland waters, or missiles for such
launchers. This obligation shall apply to all areas of the
ocean floor and the seabed, including the seabed zone
referred to in Articles I and II of the Treaty on the
Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other
Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Seabed and the Ocean Floor
and in the Subsoil Thereof of February 11, 1971;

(c) systems, including missiles, for placing nuclear
weapons or any other kinds of weapons of mass destruction
into Earth orbit or a fraction of an Earth orbit;

(d) air-to-surface ballistic missiles (ASBMs);

(e) long-range nuclear ALCMs armed with two or more
nuclear weapons.))1

((9. The Parties do not exclude the possibility that the bans
on ballistic missiles on waterborne vehicles other than
submarines and on launchers of such missiles contained in
subparagraph 8(a) above, and the ban on air-to-surface
ballistic missiles contained in subparagraph 8(d) above,
shall not apply to launches of ICBMs and SLBMs from
waterborne vehicles other than submarines or from airplanes,
other than heavy bombers, for delivering objects into the
upper atmosphere or space. Should the Parties reach
agreement concerning the possibility of using ICBMs and SLBMs

for delivering objects into the upper atmosphere or space
from waterborne vehicles other than submarines or from such
airplanes, provisions concerning procedures for such launches
shall be agreed within the framework of the Bilateral
Consultative Commission.))1

((10.))1 ((3.))2 Each Party undertakes not to ((:

(a) flight-test with nuclear armaments an aircraft that
is not an airplane, but that has a range of 8000 kilometers
or more; equip such an aircraft for nuclear armaments; or
deploy such an aircraft with nuclear armaments;

(b) flight-test with nuclear armaments an airplane that
was not initially constructed as a bomber, but that has a
range of 8000 kilometers or more, or an integrated planform
area in excess of 310 square meters; equip such an airplane
for nuclear armaments; or deploy such an airplane with
nuclear armaments;

(c) flight-test with long-range nuclear ALCMs an
aircraft that is not an airplane, or an airplane that was not
initially constructed as a bomber; equip such an aircraft or
such an airplane for long-range nuclear ALCMs; or deploy such
an aircraft or such an airplane with long-range nuclear
ALCMs.))1

((convert heavy bombers equipped for non-nuclear armaments
into heavy bombers equipped for nuclear armaments. Nuclear
armaments shall not be stored at air bases of heavy bombers
converted for non-nuclear armaments. The crews of such
bombers shall not undergo training to carry out missions
involving nuclear weapons.))2

((11.))1 ((4.(Article V)))2 ((Each Party undertakes not to
base strategic offensive arms subject to the limitations of
this Treaty outside its national territory.))1 ((Strategic
offensive arms subject to this Treaty shall not be based
outside the national territory of each Party.))2

(((a) The obligations of this paragraph shall not
affect the Parties' rights under generally recognized
principles and rules of international law relating to the
passage of submarines or flights of aircraft, or relating to
visits of submarines to ports of third States.))1

(((b) With respect to heavy bombers, the provisions of
this paragraph shall not preclude the temporary stationing of
heavy bombers outside the territory of a Party for purposes
not inconsistent with the Treaty. If a Party stations heavy
bombers outside its national territory for a period in excess
of 30 days at any one time, it shall so inform the other
Party through diplomatic channels before the end of the
30-day period, except that, if a Prty has stationed more
than 30 heavy bombers outide its national territory at any
one time, it shall so inform the other Prty within 48
hours.))2

((5. (Article V) In te event of temporary stationing of a
heavy bombe outside the national territory in accordance
wihsubparagraph 3 (b) of Article VIII, notificationshall
be provided.))2

((12. Each Party undertaes not to engage in any activities

associated with strategic offensive arms at eliminated
facilities, notification of the elimination of which has been
provided in accordance with paragraph 3 of Section I of the
Notification Protocol, unless notification of a new facility
at the same location has been provided in accordance with
paragraph 3 of Section I of the Notification Protocol.
Strategic offensive arms and support equipment shall not be
located at eliminated facilities except during their movement
through such facilities and during visits of heavy bombers at
such facilities. Missile tenders may be located at
eliminated facilities only for purposes not associated with
strategic offensive arms.))1

((4. Each Party undertakes not to convert or use ICBM or SLBM
launchers for placement of missile defense interceptors
therein.))2

((5. Each Party undertakes not to convert or use launchers of
missile defense interceptors for placement of ICBMs and SLBMs
therein.))2

((6. Each Party undertakes not to locate heavy bombers with
long-range nuclear ALCMs or other nuclear armaments outside
the continental portion of national territory.))2

((Article VI))1

((1. Deployed mobile launchers of ICBMs and their associated
missiles shall be based only in restricted areas. A
restricted area shall not exceed five square kilometers in
size and shall not overlap another restricted area. No more
than ten deployed mobile launchers of ICBMs and their
associated missiles may be based or located in a restricted
area. A restricted area shall not contain deployed ICBMs for
mobile launchers of ICBMs of more than one type of ICBM.


2. Each Party shall limit the number of fixed structures for
mobile launchers of ICBMs within each restricted area so that
these structures shall not be capable of containing more
mobile launchers of ICBMs than the number of mobile launchers
of ICBMs specified for that restricted area.


3. Each restricted area shall be located within a deployment
area. A deployment area shall not exceed 125,000 square
kilometers in size and shall not overlap another deployment
area. A deployment area shall contain no more than one ICBM
base for mobile launchers of ICBMs.


4. Deployed mobile launchers of ICBMs and their associated
missiles may leave restricted areas only for routine
movements, or relocations. Deployed mobile launchers of
ICBMs and their associated missiles may leave deployment
areas only for relocations. Prior to the departure of
deployed mobile launchers of ICBMs and their associated
missiles from restricted areas or deployment areas for
purposes other than those specified in this paragraph, the
Parties shall meet within the framework of the Bilateral
Consultative Commission to agree upon any additional measures
that may be necessary.


5. Relocations shall be completed within 25 days. No more
than 15 percent of the total number of deployed mobile
launchers of ICBMs and their associated missiles or five such
launchers and their associated missiles, whichever is

greater, may be outside restricted areas at any one time for
the purpose of relocation.))1

Article VII


1. ((Conversion or))2 ((E))1 ((e))2 limination of
strategic offensive arms((, fixed structures for mobile
launchers of ICBMs,))1 and facilities ((where they are
located))2 shall be carried out pursuant to this Article and
in accordance with the procedures provided for in ((the
Elimination Protocol))1 ((Section III of the Annex to this
Treaty))2. ((Elimination shall be verified by national
technical means of verification and by inspection as provided
for in Articles IX and XI of this Treaty; in the Protocol on
Procedures Governing the Elimination of the Items Subject to
the Treaty, hereinafter referred to as the Elimination
Protocol; and in the Protocol on Inspections, Exhibitions,
and Continuous Monitoring Activities Relating to this Treaty,
hereinafter referred to as the Inspection Protocol.))1

((6. Verification of the Parties' implementation of
procedures for conversion or elimination of strategic
offensive arms and the facilities where they are located
shall be carried out:

(a) by using national technical means of verification;

(b) by providing notifications;

(c) by means of visits, which can be conducted by the
inspecting Party, to the sites specified in paragraph 4 of
this Article, upon completion of the conversion or
elimination procedures.))2


2. ((ICBM launchers, SLBM launchers, and deployed heavy
bombers shall be subject to the limitations provided for in
this Treaty until they have been eliminated, or otherwise
cease to be subject to the limitations provided for in this
Treaty, in accordance with procedures provided for in the
Elimination Protocol, or as recorded within the framework of
the Bilateral Consultative Commission.))1 ((Strategic
offensive arms and the facilities where they are located
shall be subject to the limitations provided for in this
Treaty until such time as they are:

(a) eliminated;

(b) removed from accountability as a result of flight
or static tests, accidental loss or disablement beyond
repair, or transfer to a static display.))2

((3. ICBMs for silo and mobile launchers of ICBMs and SLBMs
shall be subject to the limitations provided for in this
Treaty until they have been eliminated or otherwise cease to
be subject to the limitations provided for in this Treaty, or
as recorded within the framework of the Bilateral
Consultative Commission.))1


4. ((The elimination of mobile launchers of ICBMs, SLBM
launchers, and deployed heavy bombers shall be carried out at
elimination facilities, except as provided for in Sections
VII and VIII of the Elimination Protocol or as recorded
within the framework of the Bilateral Consultative
Commission))1 ((Conversion or elimination of ICBMs, SLBMs,

ICBM and SLBM launchers, and heavy bombers shall be carried
out at conversion or elimination facilities, on site or at
other stipulated sites. In this connection, the procedures
employed shall ensure that they are rendered inoperable,
precluding their use for their original purpose))2.

((5. Notifications of conversion or elimination of strategic
offensive arms shall be provided in accordance with
Subsection IV of Section IV of the Annex to this Treaty.))2

Article VIII


1. A data base pertaining to the obligations under this
Treaty is set forth in ((the Memorandum of Understanding on
the Establishment of the Data Base Relating to this Treaty,
hereinafter referred to as the Memorandum of Understanding))1
((Section II of the Annex to this Treaty))2 in which data
with respect to items subject to the limitations provided for
in this Treaty are listed according to categories of data.


2. In order to ensure the fulfillment of their obligations
with respect to this Treaty, ((and to provide transparency
into activities related to its strategic offensive arms,))1
each Party shall notify the other Party of changes in data
((, as provided for in subparagraph (a) of paragraph 3 of
this Article,))2 and shall also provide other ((required))1
notifications ((in accordance with the procedures provided
for in the Notification Protocol and the Inspection
Protocol))1 ((provided for in paragraph 3 of this Article in
accordance with the procedure provided for in paragraphs 4,
5, and 6 of this Article and in Section IV of the Annex to
this Treaty))2.

((3. Each Party shall provide notification to the other Party
regarding:

(a) data according to categories of data contained in
Section II of the Annex to this Treaty, and other agreed
categories of data with respect to items subject to the
limitations of this Treaty, except for data pertaining to
warheads, which shall be exchanged twice a year;

(b) movement of items subject to the limitations
provided for in this Treaty between declared facilities. Any
movement of items subject to the limitations provided for in
this Treaty between facilities shall be completed no later
than 30 days after it began;

(c) flight tests of ICBMs or SLBMs;

(d) conversion or elimination of items subject to the
limitations of this Treaty, as well as elimination of
facilities;

(e) strategic offensive arms of new types;

(f) the conduct of inspections, visits, and
exhibitions.))2

((4. Each Party may provide additional notifications on a
voluntary basis, besides the notifications specified in
paragraph 3 of this Article, if it deems this necessary to
provide assurance of the fulfillment of the obligations
undertaken under this Treaty.))2


((5. In order to provide and receive notifications, unless
otherwise provided for in this Treaty, each Party shall use
the Nuclear Risk Reduction Centers established in accordance
with the Agreement between the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics and the United States of America on the
Establishment of Nuclear Risk Reduction Centers of September
15, 1987.))2

((6. If a time is to be specified in a notification provided
pursuant to this Article, that time shall be expressed in
Greenwich Mean Time. If only a date is to be specified in a
notification, that date shall be specified as the 24-hour
period that corresponds to the date in local time, expressed
in Greenwich Mean Time.))2

((7. Neither Party shall release to the public data specified
in Section II of the Annex to this Treaty or the photographs
appended to it, unless otherwise agreed.))2

((Article IX))2

((In order to ensure the viability and effectiveness of
this Treaty, and to enhance confidence, openness, and
predictability concerning the reduction and limitation of
strategic offensive arms, each Party shall, on a voluntary
basis, in those cases where it believes ambiguous situations
might arise, take measures, including providing information
in advance, inter alia through diplomatic channels, on
activities being conducted with respect to strategic
offensive arms, which are associated with their deployment or
increasing readiness, so as to preclude the possibility of
misinterpretation of its actions by the other Party.))2

Article ((IX))1 ((X))2


1. For the purpose of ensuring verification of compliance
with the provisions of this Treaty, each Party ((shall))1
((undertakes))2 (((a) to))2 use national technical means of
verification at its disposal in a manner consistent with the
generally recognized principles of international law ((.))1
((;))2

((2. Each Party undertakes))1 (((b)))2 not to interfere
with the national technical means of verification of the
other Party operating in accordance with ((paragraph 1 of))1
this Article((.))1 ((;))2

((3. Each Party undertakes))1 (((c)))2 not to use
((deliberate))2 concealment measures that impede
verification ((, by national technical means of
verification,))1 of compliance with the provisions of this
Treaty. ((In this connection, the obligation not to use
concealment measures includes the obligation not to use them
at test ranges, including measures that result in the
concealment of ICBMs, SLBMs, mobile launchers of ICBMs, or
the association between ICBMs or SLBMs and their launchers
during testing. The obligation not to use concealment
measures shall not apply to cover or concealment practices at
ICBM bases and deployment areas, or to the use of
environmental shelters for strategic offensive arms.))1

((4. To aid verification, each ICBM for mobile launchers of
ICBMs shall have a unique identifier as provided for in the

Inspection Protocol.))1

((Article X))1

((1. During each flight test of an ICBM or SLBM, the Party
conducting the flight test shall make on-board technical
measurements and shall broadcast all telemetric information
obtained from such measurements. The Party conducting the
flight test shall determine which technical parameters are to
be measured during such flight test, as well as the methods
of processing and transmitting telemetric information.


2. During each flight test of an ICBM or SLBM, the Party
conducting the flight test undertakes not to engage in any
activity that denies full access to telemetric information,
including:

(a) the use of encryption;

(b) the use of jamming;

(c) broadcasting telemetric information from an ICBM or
SLBM using narrow directional beaming; and

(d) encapsulation of telemetric information, including
the use of ejectable capsules or recoverable reentry vehicles.


3. During each flight test of an ICBM or SLBM, the Party
conducting the flight test undertakes not to broadcast from a
reentry vehicle telemetric information that pertains to the
functioning of the stages or the self-contained dispensing
mechanism of the ICBM or SLBM.


4. After each flight test of an ICBM or SLBM, the Party
conducting the flight test shall provide, in accordance with
Section I of the Protocol on Telemetric Information Relating
to the Treaty, hereinafter referred to as the Telemetry
Protocol, recording media that contain a recording of all
telemetric information that is broadcast during the flight
test.


5. After each flight test of an ICBM or SLBM, the Party
conducting the flight test shall provide, in accordance with
Section II of the Telemetry Protocol, data associated with
the analysis of the telemetric information.


6. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 of
this Article, each Party shall have the right to encapsulate
and encrypt on-board technical measurements during no more
than a total of seven flight tests of ICBMs or SLBMs each
year. Such encapsulation shall be carried out in accordance
with Section I and paragraph 1 of Section III of the
Telemetry Protocol, and such encryption shall be carried out
in accordance with paragraph 2 of Section III of the
Telemetry Protocol. Encapsulation and encryption that are
carried out on the same flight test of an ICBM or SLBM shall
count as two flight tests against the quotas specified in
this paragraph.


7. Nothing in this Article shall apply to objects launched by
ICBMs or SLBMs used to deliver objects into the upper
atmosphere or space, after such objects either are in orbit
or have achieved escape velocity.))1

Article XI


1. For the purpose of ensuring verification ((of compliance
with the provisions of this Treaty,))1 ((or confirming data
on compliance with the provisions of this Treaty,))2 each
Party shall have the right to conduct inspections ((and
continuous monitoring activities and shall conduct
exhibitions pursuant to this Article and the Inspection
Protocol))1 ((visits, and exhibitions))2. ((Inspections,
continuous monitoring activities, and exhibitions shall be
conducted in accordance with the procedures provided for in
the Inspection Protocol and the Elimination Protocol.))1
((Inspections, visits, and exhibitions shall be conducted (to
be agreed upon) days after the entry into force of this
Treaty and thereafter.))2

((2.))1 ((8.))2 ((Each Party shall have the right to
conduct data update inspections at facilities to confirm the
accuracy of data on the numbers and types of items specified
for such facilities in the notifications and regular
exchanges of updated data provided in accordance with
paragraphs 2 and 3 of Section I of the Notification
Protocol.))1 ((The purpose of visits is to confirm data on
the number of non-deployed ICBMs, non-deployed SLBMs, and
non-deployed heavy bombers, on the number of non-deployed
launchers of ICBMs and SLBMs, data on new facilities provided
during an exchange of information, and technical
characteristics of strategic offensive arms provided during
an exchange of information or demonstrated at exhibitions of
new items of strategic offensive arms or in the course of
confirming that items of strategic offensive arms have been
converted for new kinds of strategic offensive arms.))2

((Each Party shall have the right to conduct a total of no
more than five such visits every year, with no more than one
such visit each year to the same facility. Additional visits
beyond the established number may be conducted at the
invitation of the inspected Party.

Visits shall be conducted at ICBM bases, bases of submarines
equipped with SLBMs, and air bases, at storage facilities,
repair facilities, conversion or elimination facilities, test
ranges, and training facilities.))2

((3.))1 ((7.))2 ((Each Party shall have the right to
conduct nuclear warhead inspections of:

(a) deployed ICBMs and SLBMs. The purpose of such
inspections shall be to confirm that such an ICBM or SLBM
contains the number of nuclear-armed reentry vehicles equal
to the number of nuclear warheads declared for that ICBM or
SLBM;

(b) deployed heavy bombers. The purpose of such
inspections shall be to confirm the number of deployed heavy
bombers located at the inspected air base and that the number
of nuclear armaments loaded on those deployed heavy bombers
and in nuclear armaments weapons storage areas associated
with air bases where deployed heavy bombers are based are
equal to the number of deployed heavy bombers and nuclear
warheads declared for that air base.))1

((The purpose of inspections is to verify data on the number
of deployed ICBMs, deployed SLBMs, and deployed heavy bombers

and the number of warheads on them, as well as the data on
number of deployed launchers of ICBMs and deployed launchers
of SLBMs.

Each Party shall have the right to conduct a total of no more
than five such inspections every year, with no more than one
such inspection each year at the same facility.

Inspections shall be conducted at ICBM bases, bases of
submarines equipped with SLBMs, and air bases.))2

((4. Each Party shall conduct or shall have the right to
conduct elimination inspections to confirm the elimination of
strategic offensive arms.))1

((5. Each Party shall have the right to conduct formerly
declared facility inspections to confirm that facilities,
notification of the elimination of which has been provided in
accordance with paragraph 3 of Section I of the Notification
Protocol, are not being used for purposes inconsistent with
this Treaty.))1

((6.))1 ((9))2 ((If not previously conducted in conjunction
with fulfilling the requirement of the START Treaty, each
Party shall conduct technical characteristics exhibitions,
and shall have the right during such exhibitions by the other
Party to conduct inspections of an ICBM and an SLBM of each
type, and each variant thereof, and of a mobile launcher of
ICBMs and each version of such launcher for each type of ICBM
for mobile launchers of ICBMs. The purpose of such
exhibitions shall be to permit the inspecting Party to
confirm that technical characteristics correspond to the data
specified for these items.))1 ((Each Party shall conduct
exhibitions in order to confirm the technical characteristics
and differences of new items of strategic offensive arms, and
to confirm that procedures for converting items of strategic
offensive arms for new kinds of strategic offensive arms have
been completed.))2

((7. If not previously conducted in conjunction with
fulfilling the requirements of the START Treaty, each Party
shall conduct distinguishability exhibitions for heavy
bombers, and nuclear armaments for heavy bombers, and shall
have the right during such exhibitions by the other Party to
conduct inspections, of:

(a) heavy bombers equipped for nuclear armaments. The
purpose of such exhibitions shall be to permit the inspecting
Party to confirm that the technical characteristics of each
type and each variant of such heavy bombers correspond to the
data specified for these items in Annex G to the Memorandum
of Understanding;

(b) heavy bombers equipped for non-nuclear armaments
but of the same type of heavy bombers equipped for nuclear
armaments. The purpose of such exhibitions shall be to
demonstrate to the inspecting Party that, for each exhibited
type of heavy bomber, each variant of heavy bombers equipped
for non-nuclear armaments, and each variant of training heavy
bombers, are distinguishable from one another and from each
variant of heavy bombers of the same type equipped for
nuclear armaments; and

(c) nuclear armaments for heavy bombers. The purpose

of such exhibitions shall be to permit the inspecting Party
to confirm that the technical characteristics of such nuclear
armaments correspond to the data specified for these items in
Annex H to the Memorandum of Understanding.))1

((8. Each Party shall have the right to conduct continuous
monitoring activities at production facilities for ICBMs for
mobile launchers of ICBMs to confirm the number of ICBMs for
mobile launchers of ICBMs produced.))1

((2. The procedures for conducting inspections, visits, and
exhibitions shall be governed by Section V of the Annex to
this Treaty.))2

((3. Each inspection team conducting an inspection or taking
part in a visit or exhibition shall include the number of
inspectors specified in Section V of the Annex to this
Treaty.))2

((4. In order to perform their functions effectively, for the
purpose of implementing the Treaty and not for their personal
benefit, inspectors and aircrew members shall be accorded the
privileges and immunities specified in Section V of the Annex
to this Treaty.))2

((5. Each Party shall have the right to conduct no more than
one inspection or one visit or take part in one exhibition in
the territory of the inspected Party at any one time.))2

((6. Inspectors shall not disclose information obtained
during inspections, exhibitions, or visits, except with the
express consent of the inspected Party. They shall remain
bound by this obligation even after termination of their
activities as inspectors.))2

((Article XII))1

((1. To enhance the effectiveness of national technical means
of verification, each Party shall, if the other Party makes a
request in accordance with paragraph 1 of Section V of the
Notification Protocol, carry out the following cooperative
measures:

(a) a display in the open of the mobile launchers of
ICBMs located within each restricted area of one ICBM base
specified by the requesting Party with the exception of those
mobile launchers of ICBMs involved in routine movement. For
each specified ICBM base, the roofs of fixed structures for
mobile launchers of ICBMs in all restricted areas at that
base shall be open for the duration of a display. The mobile
launchers of ICBMs located within the restricted areas shall
be displayed either located next to or moved halfway out of
such fixed structures. Those mobile launchers of ICBMs at
the base specified by the requesting Party that will not be
displayed due to routine movement shall be specified by the
requested Party in a notification provided in accordance with
paragraph XX of Section V of the Notification Protocol. Such
a notification shall be provided no later than 12 hours after
the request for display has been made;

(b) a display in the open of all deployed heavy bombers
located within one air base specified by the requesting
Party, except those heavy bombers that are not readily
movable due to maintenance or operations. Such heavy bombers

shall be displayed by removing the entire airplane from its
fixed structure, if any, and locating the airplane within the
air base. Those deployed heavy bombers at the air base
specified by the requesting Party that are not readily
movable due to maintenance or operations shall be specified
by the requested Party in a notification provided in
accordance with paragraph 2 of Section V of the Notification
Protocol. Such a notification shall be provided no later
than 12 hours after the request for display has been made.


2. Mobile launchers of ICBMs and deployed heavy bombers
subject to each request pursuant to paragraph 1 of this
Article shall be displayed in open view without using
concealment measures. Each Party shall have the right to
make five such requests each year, but shall not request a
display at any particular ICBM base for mobile launchers of
ICBMs, or any particular air base more than one time each
year. A Party shall have the right to request, in any single
request, only a display of mobile launchers of ICBMs, or a
display of deployed heavy bombers. A display shall begin no
later than 12 hours after the request is made and shall
continue until 18 hours have elapsed from the time that the
request was made. If the requested Party cannot conduct a
display due to circumstances brought about by force majeure,
it shall provide notification to the requesting Party in
accordance with paragraph 3 of Section V of the Notification
Protocol, and the display shall be cancelled. In such a
case, the number of requests to which the requesting Party is
entitled shall not be reduced.


3. A request for cooperative measures shall not be made for a
facility that has been designated for inspection until such
an inspection has been completed and the inspectors have
departed the facility. A facility for which cooperative
measures have been requested shall not be designated for
inspection until the cooperative measures have been completed
or until notification has been provided in accordance with
paragraph 3 of Section V of the Notification Protocol.))1

Article ((XIII))1 ((XII))2

To promote the objectives and implementation of the
provisions of this Treaty, the Parties hereby establish the
Bilateral Consultative Commission((, procedures for the
operation of which are set forth in Section VI of the Annex
to this Treaty))2. The Parties agree that, if either Party
so requests, they shall ((meet within the framework of))1
((hold session of))2 the Bilateral Consultative Commission
to:

(a) resolve questions relating to compliance with the
obligations assumed;

(b) agree upon such additional measures as may be
necessary to improve the viability and effectiveness of this
Treaty; and

(c) resolve questions related to the application of
((relevant))1 ((the))2 provisions of this Treaty to a new
kind of strategic offensive arm((, after notification has
been provided in accordance with paragraph 16 of Section VII
of the Notification Protocol))1.

Article ((XIV))1 ((XIII))2

To ensure the viability and effectiveness of this Treaty,
((each Party shall not assume any international obligations
or undertakings that would conflict with its provisions and
the Parties agree not to transfer strategic offensive arms
subject to the limitations of the Treaty to third States))1
((each Party shall not assume any international obligations
or undertakings that would conflict with its provisions. The
Parties shall not transfer strategic offensive arms subject
to the limitations provided for in this Treaty to third
parties))2. The Parties shall hold consultations in
accordance with Article ((XIII))1 ((XII))2 of this Treaty
in order to resolve any ambiguities that may arise in this
regard. The Parties agree that this provision does not apply
to any patterns of cooperation, including obligations, in the
area of strategic offensive arms, existing at the time of
signature of this Treaty, between a Party and a third State.

((Article XV))1 ((XIV))2


1. This Treaty, including its Annex((es, Protocols, and
Memorandum of Understanding, all of which form))1 ((,which
is an))2 integral part((s))1 thereof, shall be subject to
ratification in accordance with the constitutional procedures
of each Party. This Treaty shall enter into force on the
date of the exchange of instruments of ratification.


2. This Treaty shall remain in force for 10 years unless
superseded earlier by a subsequent agreement on the reduction
and limitation of strategic offensive arms. ((No later than
one year before the expiration of the Treaty, the Parties
shall jointly consider extending this Treaty for a period of
no more than five years unless it is superseded before the
expiration of that period by a subsequent agreement on the
reduction and limitation of strategic offensive arms.))1


3. Each Party shall, in exercising its national sovereignty,
have the right to ((withdraw from))1 ((terminate))2 this
Treaty if ((it decides that extraordinary events related to
the subject matter of this Treaty have jeopardized its))1 ((,
in its view, further compliance with the Treaty will
jeopardize the Party's))2 supreme interests ((, including in
the event of a quantitative and qualitative buildup in the
capabilities of strategic missile defense systems))2. ((It
shall give notice of its decision to the other Party six
months prior to withdrawal from this Treaty. Such notice
shall include a statement of))1

((4.))2 ((A Party that has decided to terminate this Treaty
shall inform the other Party of its decision through
diplomatic channels at least three months prior to
termination of this Treaty, specifying))2 the extraordinary
events ((the notifying Party))1 ((that it))2 regards as
having jeopardized its supreme interests.

((4.))1 ((5.))2 As of the date of its entry into force,
this Treaty shall supersede the Treaty between the Russian
Federation and the United States of America on Strategic
Offensive Reductions of May 24, 2002, which shall terminate
as of that date.

((Article XVI))1 ((XIV))2


1. Each Party may propose amendments to this Treaty. Agreed
amendments shall enter into force in accordance with the

procedures governing entry into force of this Treaty.

((2. The Parties agree that, if it becomes necessary to make
changes in the provisions of the Annex to this Treaty that do
not affect substantive rights and obligations of the Parties
under the Treaty, they shall use the Bilateral Consultative
Commission to reach agreement on such changes, without
resorting to the procedure for making amendments that is set
forth in paragraph 3 of this Article.))2

((Article XVII))1 ((XV))2

This Treaty shall be registered pursuant to Article 102
of the Charter of the United Nations.

Done at (location and date),in two copies, each in the
English and Russian languages, both texts being equally
authentic.

FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:

FOR THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION:

(( ))1 Proposed by the United States
(( ))2 Proposed by the Russian Federation

End Text.


4. (U) Gottemoeller sends.
RICHTER