BRAZIL SCENESETTER: DR. MICHAEL FROMAN, DEPUTY NATIONAL

UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 07 BRASILIA 000766 SENSITIVE SIPDIS E.O. 12958: N/A TAGS: OVIP SENV KGHG ENRG ECON ETRD EINV EFIN PREL BR SUBJECT: BRAZIL SCENESETTER: DR. MICHAEL FROMAN, DEPUTY NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISOR FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC AFFAIRS, JUNE 18-19 (U) This message is sensitive but unclassified, please treat accordingly. ¶1. (SBU) SUMMARY: The relationship between the United States and Brazil is productive and broad-based, with growing economic ties. Through the financial crisis, Brazil has played a constructive role in the G20 and has also prioritized concluding the Doha round of World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations. Brazil remains committed to the CEO Forum and your visit provides an important opportunity to make progress on CEO Forum recommendations. The country has the potential to play a major role in promoting global energy security. The Brazilian government seeks to develop a global market for biofuels and also to bring into production its vast, new off-shore oil and gas discoveries. In spite of its relatively clean energy matrix, Brazil is a major carbon dioxide emitter, largely as a result of deforestation. The Ministry of Exterior Relations (MRE) has pursued a cautious, defensive approach in international climate change negotiations, steering clear of any explicit or implicit obligations to control or reduce emissions. In June, President Lula suggested in a Reuters interview that Brazil might be willing to take on targets. This more ambitious stance is something that Environment Minister Carlos Minc has been advocating for months and the MRE has been reluctant to adopt. END SUMMARY. POLITICAL OVERVIEW ¶2. (SBU) With democracy re-established in 1988 after decades of military dictatorship, Brazil's democratic institutions are generally strong and stable. President Luiz Inacio "Lula" da Silva remains a popular president - one of the most popular in Brazil's history and indeed in the world today, with recent approval ratings as high as 68% - as a result of his orthodox economic policies and expanded social programs. In the Congress, ongoing public scandals involving the leadership of the Senate and various members of congress have led to low ratings for the institution among the Brazilian public. Increasingly, the court system has taken steps to curb impunity among public officials. These steps have been well received by a public accustomed to abuses by authorities. Much of the Brazilian political elite is already looking forward to the October 2010 Presidential election. Lula is constitutionally barred 
from seeking a third term and has designated his Chief of Staff, Dilma Rouseff as his successor. Lula's personal popularity has thus far not transferred, and at this point the race remains unpredictable. Brazilian leaders, however, increasingly have an eye on the elections in their public statements. ¶3. (SBU) The United States and Brazil share the basic goals of fostering hemispheric stability and preventing terrorist and drug transit activity. The attainment of a permanent seat on the UN Security Council has been a central goal of Brazil's foreign policy under President Lula's government. Regionally, Lula has maintained Brazil's historic focus on stability, seeing dialogue and good relations with all parties as the best way to achieve this goal. As a result, Brazil maintains an active dialogue with Venezuela and Cuba, has worked to foster good relations with Bolivia, has given its assistance in resolving the FARC hostage crisis in Colombia, and has stood firmly on the principle of respect for sovereignty in the region. ECONOMIC OVERVIEW ¶4. (SBU) Brazil is the tenth largest economy in the world and received investment grade from Standard and Poor's and Fitch in ¶2008. Annual Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew 5.1 percent in 2008, and inflation was 5.8%. Prospects for 2009 have been dimmed by the global economic crisis, taking previous predictions for annual GDP growth from four per cent to an essentially flat or slight recession scenario for 2009. Despite this decline in immediate prospects, Brazil has thus far weathered the crisis better than most major economies, due in large part to its conservative macroeconomic policies. ¶6. (SBU) Brazil is a major producer and exporter. Agriculture makes up 36 percent of exports, and the agribusiness sector accounts for 25% of Brazil's GDP. Brazil is a leading exporter of soybeans, beef, sugar, coffee, and orange juice. Brazil also distinguishes itself as a major exporter of civilian aircraft, steel, and petrochemicals. The United States is Brazil's top trading partner overall, and China has moved into first position as Brazil's primary export destination. ¶7. (SBU) Foreign direct investment in Brazil is increasing, with inflows of USD 44 billion in 2008; USD 6.9 billion came from the United States. Brazilian investment in the United States almost tripled between 2001 (USD 1.4 billion) and 2006 (USD 3.9 billion). President Lula has been actively selling Brazil (including at a recent Wall Street Journal sponsored investment conference in Brazil) as a solid investment destination during the financial BRASILIA 00000766 002 OF 007 crisis due to its sound macroeconomic policies and relatively strong economy. ¶8. (SBU) Despite progress in recent years, income distribution in Brazil remains grossly unequal, with 10 percent of the population holding over 50 percent of the nation's wealth. Brazil is home to 50 percent of the people who live in extreme poverty in Latin America. President Lula's social programs, combined with formal sector job growth and real increases in the minimum wage, have reduced income inequalities each year since 2004. ¶9. (SBU) Millions of Brazilians have moved into the middle class over the last few years. Nevertheless, roughly forty percent of the population lives in poverty, a problem that can only be addressed by sustained long-term growth. Unfortunately, major structural challenges to long-term growth include a complicated and onerous tax structure, high interest rates, and cumbersome labor and business regulations. As a result of its regulatory structure, Brazil ranks 125th in the World Bank Group's Doing Business assessment of regulatory climate in 181 countries. The informal sector (one of the largest among large developing economies) constitutes an estimated 40 percent of Brazil's economy, in large part in response to the onerous tax and regulatory requirements to participate in the formal economy. President Lula has vigorously pursued a national Growth Acceleration Program (PAC) to increase infrastructure investment in energy, transportation, and sanitation/housing, a program that has received increased funding as a countercyclical measure in the face of the economic crisis. ¶10. (SBU) The global financial crisis has affected Brazilian companies' exports and access to credit. Brazil's Finance Minister continues to assert that Brazil is well-positioned to weather the crisis while he and Central Bank contacts confirm moves to try to mitigate the effects of the crisis. President Lula, taking a leading role in the debt over how to handle the economic crisis including through the G20 process, has criticized actors in developed countries for sparking a crisis that affects developing countries. He has called for increased regulation of the global financial system, increased global access to trade finance, and an expanded role for large emerging countries like Brazil in international financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The government has reacted to the economic downturn thus far with a series of piecemeal announcements and actions aimed at increasing liquidity in the banking system, stimulating growth through a series of targeted tax cuts, and seeking to shore up exports. OVERVIEW ON BRAZILIAN MEDIA AND PUBLIC ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE USA ¶11. (SBU) In terms of general public opinion, the election of Barack Obama as president seems to have influenced views of the United States in a positive way. An Office of Research Opinion Analysis released in March 2009 found that seven-in-10 Brazilians believe the Obama presidency will be positive for Brazil and the world. Economically, Brazilians say their future lies with the United States and China. Majorities held a favorable view of the United States (57%) and saw bilateral relations as being good (65%). However, Brazilians have often seen the United States as an impediment to Brazil's aspirations for regional leadership. Pluralities said last year that politically and economically, the United States was as much a competitor as it was an ally and partner. As of January, half lack confidence in the United States' ability to deal responsibly with world problems. ¶12. (SBU) Brazilian journalists, generally speaking, cannot be described as "pro-U.S." Some may be favorably disposed toward the U.S. position on particular issues, such as free trade, and many are professional and evenhanded in their treatment of the United States, even if they do not personally agree with U.S. policies. Some mainstream Brazilian opinion writers demonstrate biases against U.S. policies, though the trend has started to change with the election of President Obama. A small segment of the Brazilian public accepts the notion that the United States has a campaign to subjugate Brazil economically, undermine it culturally, and occupy with troops at least part of its territory. Such attitudes and beliefs have influenced Brazilian reporting and commentary on issues such as the reestablishment of the U.S. Navy's Fourth Fleet (which has been characterized as a threat to Brazil) and supposed U.S. nefarious intentions toward the Amazon. That said, the Brazilian media have reported favorably on U.S. efforts at the recent meeting of the General Assembly of the Organization of American States and the Summit of the Americas, and the Obama Administration overall, portending a change in perspective with regards to U.S. intentions in Brazil and the region at large. SPECIFIC ISSUES: THE CEO FORUM ¶13. In past Forum meetings, the CEOs prioritized conclusion of a BRASILIA 00000766 003 OF 007 Bilateral Tax Treaty (BTT),progress toward a bilateral investment treaty, and conclusion of the Doha Round. While some progress had been made in BTT negotiations, it is clear that conclusion of a treaty will require a strong push at the political level to achieve, for example, an OECD-standard transfer pricing system which U.S. BTTs require. Dilma Rousseff will be key to a decision to invest the political capital necessary to make progress on such issues. On investment, the USG and the Brazilian government have had productive consultations on Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) elements, although Brazil is still cautious about negotiating BITs given historical congressional opposition. SPECIFIC ISSUES: TRADE ¶14. (SBU) In recognition of Brazil's growing importance as a world economy, the USG seeks opportunities for positive bilateral cooperation on economic issues. After both countries agreed in June 2008 to significantly expand civil aviation opportunities, two U.S. airlines were granted approval for 21 new frequencies. Further frequency allocations for 2009 under the agreement have been allocated. The Brazilian government has expressed interest in exploring expanded bilateral cooperation on trade issues, bearing in mind that tariffs can only be negotiated in 4+1 (Mercosul countries plus external partner) format. Possible ideas Brazil may be interested to explore include joint Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) and/or Sanitary-Phytosanitary (SPS) cooperation, particularly in developing approaches to third countries; joint agricultural cooperation to open third country markets; services, which is an underdeveloped sector; trade facilitation, where Brazil and industry have expressed a great deal of interest which the Commerce Department-led Commercial Dialogue has been exploring; anti-dumping/trade enforcement, given that Brazil is now using this tool more intensively, there may be scope to explore bilateral dialogue/best practices. While Brazilian industry has been very resistant to WTO sectorals such as the Information Technology Agreement (ITA) or chemicals, and are very focused on maintaining GSP benefits, there is some strategic thinking going on in the nationwide and Sao Paulo business associations (CNI and FIESP, respectively) regarding the need to engage more intensively with USG on trade, outside the constraints of Mercosul. SPECIFIC ISSUES: DOHA ROUND ¶15. (SBU) Brazil has been a significant leader in the WTO's Doha Round negotiations and was active in trying to broker a deal between the United States and India. Concluding Doha remains a high priority for Brazil. However, it has not been receptive to moving to scheduling before modalities are agreed. SPECIFIC ISSUES: THE ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE ¶16. (SBU) Domestically, Brazil pursues two sometimes-conflicting goals with regard to the Amazon region. On the one hand, it seeks to preserve the natural resources and biodiversity found there. To that end, the law stipulates that landowners in the Amazon region are supposed to preserve eighty percent of forest on their lands, and the government has placed large amounts of the forest into protected areas, such as national parks and indigenous reserves. At the same time, the national government, states and municipalities seek economic growth and employment for the approximately 25 million inhabitants of the region. Thus, since the 1970s the national government has built a network of roads through the Amazon, which has opened the region to timber and agriculture (mainly cattle and soybean) interests. ¶17. (SBU) Massive and ongoing clearing of the Amazon Forest releases large quantities of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The Brazilian government estimates that about 75% of the country's green house gas emissions come from changes in land use and deforestation. From 1970-2000, Brazil's ranked 6th in the world for cumulative carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions - the country emitted 51,000 metric tons of CO2 (including land use),about six percent of the global total. During the same time period, the United States emitted 137,000 metric tons of CO2 (including land use),about sixteen percent of the global total, and was ranked number one. ¶18. (SBU) The Brazilian government has taken a defensive position on deforestation, most of which is illegal and takes place primarily on public lands. The government has not been able to establish an effective presence in the vast Amazon, leaving ranchers and farmers free to clear government land with relative impunity. Recently, the national government, some state and local governments, non-governmental organizations (NGOs),and the business community have developed initiatives to try to curb the deforestation rate. In October 2008, the national Amazon Fund received a pledge of up to one billion dollars from Norway through 2015 and since then Germany has agreed to contribute several million dollars. To date, this fund has not approved any projects nor disbursed any funds. The BRASILIA 00000766 004 OF 007 State of Amazonas, which includes roughly half the Amazon forest, created the Foundation Sustainable Amazonas (FAS) to reduce deforestation by providing regular payments to residents in state reserves for protecting the forest. The FAS has received pledges of nearly USD 30 million, including from Marriott Hotels and Coca-Cola. Various NGOs, such as the Moore Foundation and The Nature Conservancy, have programs to encourage conservation and to prevent more of the Amazon from being turned into pastures and soybean fields. ¶19. (SBU) The government has stepped up enforcement efforts to stop illegal clearing and to deny financial credits to farmers and ranchers operating illegally in the Amazon. These efforts, combined with a drop in agriculture commodity prices, are expected to result in a significant decrease in the deforestation rate this year. In December 2008, the Brazilian government announced as part of its national climate change plan the domestic goal of reducing the deforestation rate by about half by 2017. ¶20. (SBU) Brazil is a relatively "green" country. Hydropower provides around 85% of Brazil's electricity, and passenger cars now use more ethanol than gasoline. However, in order to meet growing demands for electricity that cannot currently be met through hydropower, the Brazilian government may resort more often to fossil fuels (which currently provide less than nine percent of Brazil's electricity). ¶21. (SBU) In international climate change negotiations, Brazil has been far less bold and innovative, contending that only developed countries should be required to assume emission reduction targets. However, some within the Brazilian government want Brazil to take a position of leadership on climate change. Although he has yet to persuade the Ministry of Exterior Relations (the lead on climate change negotiations),Environment Minister Carlos Minc has said Brazil and other developing countries should take on emissions reductions targets in return for financial assistance and technology transfer. In early June, President Lula suggested in a Reuters interview that Brazil might be willing to take on emissions targets. His predecessor, former President Fernando Henrique Cardoso, wrote an editorial in mid-June calling on Brazil to do just that. While Minister Minc may have limited influence over shaping Brazil's negotiating position, President Lula and his closest advisor and presidential candidate, Minister Dilma Rousseff have much more. They could steer Brazil's international negotiating policy toward a more pro-active, ambitious course and away from the current cautious and defensive tack pursued by the Ministry of Exterior Relations. ¶22. (SBU) The tremendous international interest in the Amazon has made many Brazilian officials ultrasensitive on the topic. Further, a myth has arisen that the United States is interested in militarily seizing the Amazon either to preserve it or to claim its vast natural resources. SPECIFIC ISSUES: G7/8, G20, AND BRICS ¶23. (SBU) President Lula has said publicly that "the G7 alone is no longer in a position to make decisions that require truly globally coordinated responses" and noting that richer countries must recognize the growing clout of the BRICs. In Paris just before this week's BRIC Summit in Yekaterinburg, FM Amorim said that the G-8 group is no longer representative of global political and economic forces. "The G-8 is dead, I have no doubt. I don't know how the burial will be. Sometimes that happens slowly." GOB remains sensitive that the G8 plus G5 format not be simply "inviting them in for coffee" to discuss decisions made by the G8 and has acknowledged that the format for the Italian Summit plans for broader G5 participation that previous summits. GOB prioritizes the G20 mechanism, while conceding consensus-building can be cumbersome in this format. As a top-10 GDP country, contacts across GOB believe Brazil should be at the table in economic decision-making and has a valuable contribution to make. While the MRE coordinates G20 participation through its Economic Under Secretary, Sherpa Pedro Mendonca, the G8/G5 process is tracked by its Political Under Secretary who covers North America/Europe, international organizations and environment, Vera Machado. SPECIFIC ISSUES: DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE AND FOOD SECURITY ¶24. (SBU) Development assistance in Brazil is diminishing as Brazil's economy advances, notwithstanding areas of continued extreme poverty and sharp regional disparities. Germany and the European Union lead assistance efforts, much of it dedicated to forest conservation and sustainable development, while the United Kingdom is devoting its assistance efforts almost entirely to climate change mitigation and carbon-free economic growth. USAID has modest assistance programs in Brazil directed to health and youth employability in the poor Northeast and to sustainable development in the Amazon, channeled almost entirely through BRASILIA 00000766 005 OF 007 non-governmental organizations. But while the GOB accepts limited development aid, it does not actively seek assistance, even during periods of evident disaster assistance needs such as the recent flooding in the Northeast and in the Amazon. Brazil clearly sees itself not as a development recipient but as a development partner in third world countries. Together with Brazil's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, USAID is developing an MOU that will establish triangular development assistance relationships with Haiti and with Portuguese-speaking African countries in the areas of health and food security. The GOB is confident that it is in an advantageous position to showcase its tropical agricultural expertise and experience in HIV/AIDS treatment and actively seeks a partnership of equals with the U.S. and other developed countries to extend this success to other countries. SPECIFIC ISSUES: ENERGY -AREA FOR COOPERATION: BIOFUELS ¶25. (SBU) For Brazil, turning ethanol into a world commodity is a key aspect of increasing energy security. Though Brazilian ethanol is produced from sugar cane, Brazil sees expansion of the global ethanol market, regardless of feed stock, as a key interest. In March 2007, the United States and Brazil signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on biofuels cooperation. As a result, scientists and laboratories from the two countries are collaboratively researching next generation biofuels technologies. We are also working together in various multilateral fora to develop international biofuels standards and sustainability criteria. By making it easier to treat biofuels as a tradeable commodity, these standards should foster the emergence of a vibrant global biofuels market. ¶26. (SBU) The United States and Brazil are jointly assisting a group of developing countries in creating their own biofuels markets, with the goal of reducing their dependence on imported oil. The joint cooperative effort initially targeted four countries: Haiti, St. Kitts, El Salvador, and the Dominican Republic. In November 2008, five new countries joined the group: Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Jamaica, and Senegal. Brazil would like to see the United States aggressively expand these cooperation efforts to include developing countries in Africa and Southeast Asia, both as a development tool and as a way to increase the commodity market for ethanol. ¶27. (SBU) Modest tax breaks have stimulated the Brazilian domestic ethanol market and have led new car purchasers to opt overwhelmingly for "flex-fuel" cars that can run on gasoline, ethanol, or any combination of the two. In 2008, ethanol surpassed gasoline as the dominant automotive fuel. Domestic demand consumes 85 percent of all production. The other 15 percent is exported, primarily to the United States, making our ethanol import surcharge a continuing irritant in bilateral relations. The Brazilian government also uses mandates to promote greater use of biodiesel. -VAST OIL AND GAS DISCOVERIES ¶28. (SBU) The discovery in 2007 of potentially massive offshore ("pre-salt") reserves of oil and gas estimated to contain between 30-80 billion barrels of oil equivalent could put Brazil within the top ten oil countries by reserves. Though the discoveries have generated a great deal of excitement, industry observers caution that developments will probably be slow in coming due to the expensive technological challenges involved with ultra-deepwater drilling, including a worldwide shortage of equipment such as drilling rigs. ¶29. (SBU) Petrobras appears to be overextended internationally and is hamstrung by limited equipment resources. However, it has launched a multi-billion dollar procurement initiative and is reexamining its international priorities so that it can focus on domestic opportunities, though it remains to be seen how the global financial crisis will may affect those plans. U.S. oil companies are poised and ready, in many cases, to take on more exploration opportunities. Brazil had intended to unveil its long-awaited proposal for a new oil regime to administer its ultra deepwater (also known as "pre-salt") oil reserves this week, but reporting today indicates the proposal will once again be delayed. According to the Minister of Energy, the new proposed structure will include a small state-owned company under the auspices of the Ministry of Mines and Energy, to manage the auctions for pre-salt blocks in the Santos and Campos Basins. The proposed legislation will contain safeguards to maintain Petrobras' market position but will remain open to international oil companies. -FURTHER ENHANCING ENERGY COOPERATION ¶30. (SBU) Brazil and the United States have many other common areas BRASILIA 00000766 006 OF 007 of interest in the energy sector. The convergence of our interests offers opportunities to enhance both countries' national energy security. Building on the success of the biofuels relationship, Brazil and the United States have identified three new areas of possible collaboration under a preexisting Memorandum of Understanding between the U.S. Department of Energy and Brazil's Ministry of Mines and Energy and established new working groups in the areas of energy efficiency, clean coal, and nuclear energy. The United States also has commercial interests, particularly in nuclear energy, as Brazil looks to expand its civilian nuclear energy program. For example, Westinghouse is in the running to build four to eight new nuclear reactors in Brazil over the next ten years. ¶31. (SBU) The United States would like to parlay these and other shared interests into support for a hemispheric energy cooperation. There are many opportunities for joint cooperation including research and development, energy efficiency, and green technologies. Brazil has expressed particular interest in exploring energy efficient housing for low-income citizens under the Energy and Climate Change Partnership of the Americas. SPECIFIC ISSUES: THE SEAN GOLDMAN CASE ¶32. (SBU) American David Goldman is currently pursuing a Hague Abduction case, involving his son Sean, who was brought to Brazil by his mother and wrongfully retained here 5 years ago. The case has a high profile in U.S. and Brazilian media and was raised by both Secretary Clinton and President Obama during their first meetings with their Brazilian counterparts. The case is currently in Brazilian federal court after the maternal family appealed the June 1 decision of the lower court to return Sean to the U.S. Despite being a party to the Hague Convention on International Child Abduction, which includes an obligation to resolve all child abduction cases in a timely manner, the United States currently has 51 open cases with Brazil involving more than 60 children. A recent op-ed in the Wall Street Journal authored by former State Department Western Hemisphere Affairs Assistant Secretary Bernie Aronson was headlined "Brazil Helps Kidnap American Children". Should interlocutors raise the case, we emphasize that Sean's best interest would be served by a rapid appeals process in Brazil, and we look forward to a prompt resolution granting Sean's expeditious return to the United States. SPECIFIC ISSUES: DEFENSE COOPERATION ¶33. (SBU) The first potential watershed in achieving a more robust defense relationship with Brazil will be the decision on a next generation fighter aircraft. Boeing's F-18 Super Hornet is a finalist along with the French Rafale and Swedish Gripen. A decision will be made in June 2009, with a final contract award in October. It would be difficult to overstate the significance of Brazil's Air Force committing to a U.S. aircraft as its primary fighter for the next generation. Boeing's proposal combines cutting-edge technology with a strong package of industrial cooperation. Boeing will has made a strong case that its offset package offers greater economic benefits to Brazil than its competitors, but there is still a perception that the USG is not behind the sale, a perception heightened by the more active advocacy role taken by the leaderships of France and Sweden. SECURITY SITUATION IN BRAZIL ¶34. (SBU) Political and labor strikes and demonstrations occur sporadically in urban areas and may cause temporary disruption to public transportation. Naturally, protests anywhere in the world have the potential to become violent. In addition, criminal organizations, during 2006, staged several violent campaigns against public institutions in the Sao Paulo State leading to a large number of deaths. While it is unlikely that U.S. citizens would be targeted during such events, U.S. citizens traveling or residing in Brazil are advised to take common-sense precautions and avoid any large gatherings or any other event where crowds have congregated to demonstrate or protest. ¶35. (SBU) Crime throughout Brazil (especially Rio de Janeiro) has reached very high levels. The Brazilian police and the Brazilian press report that the rate of crime continues to rise, especially in the major urban centers - though it is also spreading in rural areas. Brazil's murder rate is more than four times higher than that of the United States. Rates for other crimes are similarly high. The majority of crimes are not solved. ¶36. (SBU) Street crime remains a problem for visitors and local residents alike, especially in the evenings and late at night. Foreign tourists are often targets of crime and Americans are not exempt. This targeting occurs in all tourist areas but is especially problematic in Rio de Janeiro, Salvador and Recife. BRASILIA 00000766 007 OF 007 ¶37. (SBU) The incidence of crime against tourists is greater in areas surrounding beaches, hotels, discotheques, bars, nightclubs, and other similar establishments that cater to visitors. This type of crime is especially prevalent during Carnaval (Brazilian Mardi Gras),but takes place throughout the year. While the risk is greater at dusk and during the evening hours, street crime can occur both day and night, and even safer areas of cities are not immune. ¶38. (SBU) At airports, hotel lobbies, bus stations and other public places, incidents of pick pocketing, theft of hand carried luggage, and laptop computers are common. Travelers should "dress down" when outside and avoid carrying valuables or wearing jewelry or expensive watches. "Good Samaritan" scams are common. If a tourist looks lost or seems to be having trouble communicating, a seemingly innocent bystander offering help may victimize them. Care should be taken at and around banks and internationally connected automatic teller machines that take U.S. credit or debit cards. Carjacking is on the increase in Sao Paulo, Recife and other cities. ¶39. (SBU) Travelers using personal ATMs or credit cards sometimes receive billing statements with non-authorized charges after returning from a visit to Brazil. The Embassy and Consulates have received numerous reports from both official Americans and tourists who have had their cards cloned or duplicated without their knowledge. Those using such payment methods should carefully monitor their banking online for the duration of their visit. ¶40. (SBU) While the ability of Brazilian police to help recover stolen property is limited, it is nevertheless strongly advised to obtain a "boletim de ocorrencia" (police report) at a "delegacia" (police station) whenever any possessions are lost or stolen. This will facilitate the traveler's exit from Brazil and insurance claims. ¶41. (SBU) In many countries around the world, counterfeit and pirated goods are widely available. Transactions involving such products may be illegal under local law. In addition, bringing them back to the United States may result in forfeitures and/or fines. COMMENT ¶42. (SBU) With growing economic clout and increasing interest in engaging in global economic issues, Brazil has seen its importance on the world stage expand significantly. It is a major player in the region and while the government is largely friendly and open to the United States, they do not and will not always see eye to eye with us. Energy and climate change are promising areas for collaborating with Brazil. Your visit offers the opportunity to highlight how important Brazil is in this effort and underline our strong interest in expanding our cooperation. END COMMENT. SOBEL