LIBYA PRESSES EVO TO JOIN SOUTH ATLANTIC ALLIANCE

S E C R E T SECTION 01 OF 06 LA PAZ 002055 SIPDIS E.O. 12958: DNG: CO 09/23/2018 TAGS: PGOV PREL PTER PINR ECIN EMIN EAGR EIND MARR KTIA, CVIS, LY, VE, BL SUBJECT: LIBYA PRESSES EVO TO JOIN SOUTH ATLANTIC ALLIANCE Classified By: EcoPol Chief Mike Hammer for reasons 1.4 (b)(d)(g) ¶1. (S) Bolivian Ministry of Foreign Affairs contact provided PolOff an English-language copy of a Libyan-draft treaty for a South Atlantic Treaty Organization targeted at South American and African nations. The draft agreement appears to combine elements of a free-trade agreement with NATO-like security guarantees. ¶2. (S) Post highlights the following articles as potential areas of concern: --Preamble: Ban on foreign military bases in SATO countries and "avoiding military occupation." (Note: This is a salient topic in Bolivia, with Morales repeatedly and publicly arguing to kick out U.S. military bases that do not exist. Morales' draft constitution explicitly bans foreign military bases in Bolivia. End Note.) --Article 5: Provides for mutual defense of SATO members. (Note: This is also applicable to current Bolivia political standoff. Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez frequently promises to send troops to Bolivia, should forces opposed to Bolivian President Morales attempt to overthrow him. End Note.) --Article 7: Mutual support pact for sanctions or embargoes. --Article 8: Commitment to fight terrorism in order to avoid foreign (read U.S.) CT "interference" to use the war on terror as an excuse for "colonialism." --Article 10: Establishment of a free trade zone. --Article 11: Member states shall "take all proper procedures and necessary means to assure" investments and production of "raw materials." --Article 15 (c): "Free circulation of persons in the two Continents." (Comment: Article is vaguely worded, but could be grounds for a visa waiver between member states. End Comment.) --Article 22: No member state shall enter into "initiatives with another State or States that contradict the provisions of this Treaty." MFA Memo: Draft to be Discussed in Caracas in November -------------- -------------- ¶3. (S) The contact also provided perfunctory internal memoranda from the Bolivian MFA's Director General for Judicial Affairs, Marco Antonio Taborga, to the MFA's Director for Bilateral Affairs, Jean Paul Guevara. The memorandum acknowledges receipt of the draft and further instructs Guevara that relevant sections of the Bolivian MFA �0A;are studying the draft agreement for a Bolivian response. (Note: According to other MFA sources, Guevara is the intellectual architect for improving relations with both Libya and Iran. End Note.) The memorandum (Internal Note DGAJ-UAJ-1351/2008) asserts the agreement originates (at least in concept) from a meeting of the Third Cooperative Forum of the Group of African and South American Nations (ASAFOC) held in Brasilia, Brazil, June 9 (the agreement itself refers to a "Brazilian Memorandum of Understanding") and will be discussed at the Second Summit of South American and African States (ASA) in Caracas, Venezuela during undisclosed dates in November. Comment -------------- ¶4. (S) Post is uncertain how much credence to give this awkwardly-worded draft. Libya Desk has told us the spirit of the agreement tracks with Col. Qadhafi's previous efforts to LA PAZ 00002055 002 OF 006 establish a United States of Africa, but that this particular initiative is a new effort. While we remain skeptical regarding the draft agreement's short-term prospects, it does provide insight into Libyan thinking and has many articles that play into current Chavez and Morales rhetorical attacks on the United States. While a free trade zone and other economic aspects would require a long and difficult series of negotiations, an agreement on the mutual defense portion could, potentially, be easier to achieve and would lay the groundwork to legitimize a military incursion of member states (i.e. Venezuela) to defend the Morales administration. If the Libyan "SATO" agreement emerges in a Caracas meeting in November, it will be interesting to see if or how Chavez attempts incorporate it with his ALBA initiative. End Comment. Draft Agreement Text -------------- ¶5. (S) Draft Agreement Follows. Post did not correct spelling/grammar errors in the document. -------------- Proposal submitted by Libya South Atlantic Treaty Organization We, the South Atlantic Zone States in the two continents ) Africa and South America, being the signatory parties in this Treaty and reaffirming our faith in the Objectives and principles of the United Nations Magna Charter and our will to live in peace with a all the other States. Further to the principle of the steady position of our States to maintain independence, sovereignty and regional integrity and to develop our relations in the scope of circumstances of peace and freedom, and taking into consideration the Memorandum of Understanding submitted by the Federative Republic of Brazil, which considers this meeting as a great opportunity for both Continents to materialize the clear understanding to the means of common interest and appeals to the establishment of a partnership with capacity to face challenges and takes Into consideration the existing agreements and other in elaboration, the Brazilian Memorandum, of understanding considers that his Agreement has the capacity to improve political, economic and social situations in both Continents and to reinforce its influence and negotiating position in a wider scope which includes multilateral situations at the world level,. The Brazilian Memorandum proposes ideas and subjects related to peace, security, democracy, agriculture, water, trade, investment, environment, infrastructure, struggle against poverty, energy, ores, tourism, sport, culture, technology, health and education. The Brazilian Memorandum signs that it is convenient to consider the enlargement of the South Atlantic Region Agreement for Peace and Cooperation and the Regional Agreement for Peace and Cooperation to the South Atlantic States. These agreements look into the Atlantic South as a strategic patrimony common to both regions. According to Resolution 41/11 of the Unites Nations General Assembly issued on October 10th 1986, it is stated that the Unites Nations are convinced of the importance of peace reinforcement and cooperation in the south Atlantic Region for the wellbeing of human kind it its totality and for the peoples of that Region, so the Resolution exhorts the South Atlantic Region to avoid the armament race in order to be free from nuclear weapons and from foreign military bases and refers to international Law rules, being one of the principles the use of oceans for peaceful ends. The United Nations are convinced that the establishment of a cooperation zone in the South Atlantic will reinforce international security and peace and will increment the United Nations intentions and principles. The Unites Nations officially requests in their Resolution that the states of the region LA PAZ 00002055 003 OF 006 should strengthen their regional cooperation in all fields mentioned in the Brazilian Memorandum, as well as requests all States in the World, including the ones of military importance to respect the South Atlantic Region, cooperation among themselves and eliminating focus of tension and respecting the national unity, sovereignty and regional integrity of each country as a way to avoid threats or the use of force. It should exhort all States in the World to comply with the non-interference principle towards any territory of the South Atlantic Region avoiding military occupation and complying with the principle of not conquering territories by force. By implementing the above, we have decided to implement the South Atlantic Treaty as follows: Article (1) The text of this Treaty is part of same. Article (2) The States enlisted in this Treaty are committed to work seriously and to contribute to efforts aiming at preserving world peace, international security and justice out of risk. They are also committed to solve international conflicts in which they take part, using peaceful ways and means and to avoid the use of force or its threat in international relations. Article (3) For the achievement of the objectives if this Treaty in a more effective way, the States that take part either individually or jointly of a continuous and effective self assistance or joint assistance, are committed to preserve their individual and collective capacities and their development to face whatever foreign aggression. Article (4) The parties will promote mutual consultations whenever there is a risk, in the point of view of any of the them that may threaten their unity, security and political independence. Article (5) The parties agreed to consider any armed attach to other State member or members, either in Africa or South America, as an attack to all, and in case such attack ocurres, each country may put in action the principle of individual or collective self defense mentioned in Article (51)m of the Unites Nations Charter, with the assistance of the state or states that suffer the attack and through the immediate unilateral or joint action with other state members of this treaty, including the use of armed force to reestablish and maintain security in the South Atlantic Region, as well as to immediately inform the Security Council about any armed attach and the measures to be taken. These measures shall be suspended in case the Security Council takes the necessary procedures to restore international peace and security and its maintenance. Article (6) With the objective to exercise the rule mentioned in article (5),the armed attach is considered as directed to all State Members in case it happens in the area of each state member of this treaty, or in any island or ship or aircraft or forces that belong to it or to any other region that gathers the armies or forces of the State Members. Article (7) The State Members shall work in cooperation among themselves to offer immediate support and assistance to any state or states that suffer natural tragedies or embargoes pr sanctions that threaten life, security or peace and stability of their peoples. Article (8) The State Members shall work in the field of peace and LA PAZ 00002055 004 OF 006 security to fight terrorism and to denounce it in accordance with other international parties in order to avoid interpretations that could lead to intervention or interference in their affairs with the justification of fighting terrorism or the retrieve to colonialism as a justification to fight terrorism. They shall also work to fight the proliferation of nuclear weapons and to fight the huge commerce of money laundry and to cooperate among themselves to solve conflicts within the two continents in a peaceful way and to support peace cooperation and reconstruction and development in conflict zones. Article (9) The State Members shall act to support social stability and to develop the functioning of institutions that protect the rights of individuals and of social classes and to develop systems of government and administration to maintain the social unity and to assure stability and integrity. Article (10) The State Members shall be engaged on the foundation of a region of integration between the two Continents that include free trade zone, to avoid obstacles and to facilitate the transit of persons, goods and money, and facilities for the entry of goods and services as well as to assure the common protection for the safe of agricultural and industrial products aiming at protecting them against unfair completion with imported products, as well as to unify customs duties between both Continents against other continental markets, its exemption between the two Continents and to encourage investment projects through common banks and to facilitate trade through the launching of bank shares, insurances and modalities of payment and to concentrate in projects of maritime links and areas between the two Continents as a way to support and improve the economic integration and the concretization of a clear and effective trade. Article (11) The State Members shall act to take all proper procedures and necessary means to assure investments and the production of raw material, ore and others at the level of both Continents, other than its sale as raw material to avoid its utilization at low prices and to encourage investments in the field of their industries and to open foreign markets for their sale, thus providing the maximum profit of their incomes. Article (12) The State Members shall work and develop their possibilities in agricultural and animal production through the most efficient utilization of their resources through common investment as well as through: --protection of natural environment and its preservation to avoid importation and the use of modified, hormone added or treated plantations, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, cattle, poultry, --to flight the plan led by exploration companies that eliminate feeding sources by supplying marked with seeds and plantations that are not fit for proper development, with fertilizers and pesticides that ruin existing local seeds or their neighborhood and well as companies that explore the breeding technology of sterile cattle and poultry. --To elaborate plans to save local seeds and to implement banks for their preservation in order to ensure their lasting and to work in favor of their improvement, protection and growing. Article (13) The State Members shall work to take the necessary measures to preserve their water sources and their maritime resources and to protect their interests in this sense, as well as to encourage efforts of water investments to support the stability of agricultural and animal production in both Continents and to provide potable water to the populations. LA PAZ 00002055 005 OF 006 Article (14) The State Members shall work to fight poverty through the commitment to create opportunities and initiatives of social development and to facilitate the integration of families and persons in small projects through the implementation of a chain of rural banks. Article (15) The State Members will work and appeal to a comprehensive South-South direction and to the deepening of cultural, tourist and sportive links between both Continents, through: ¶1. Encouraging and improving tourism investments between the two Continents through the contraction of hotel, tourism companies and modernization of transportation means and mutual participation in festivals and exchange of tourism delegations. ¶2. paying attention to sports sectors by encouraging sport activities in both Continents by the privileges they detain in the area and in common work with FIFA for a fair promotion of international sport events in order to avoid the monopoly and exploration in the organization of competitions of the World Football Championship so that each country would have the right to host the event in accordance with their possibilities and to distribute matches among the states according to the existing capacities of each one aiming at achieving the positive social objective of FIFA's philosophy and to benefit poor States with the income of matches as well as to enjoy their hosting through the distribution of World Championship matches to the same number of states of the region . ¶3. to facilitate the free circulation of persons in the two Continents through agreements of consular assistance for the benefit of each party from the possibilities of the other party in the sector of labor and others. Article (16) The State Members shall act in cooperation among themselves to unite their positions to improve their negotiation situation in fundamental international questions, especially concerning the Reformulation of the United Nations and world trade negotiations and commodity prices. Article (17) The State Members shall perform their activities of cooperation in the fields of science and technology to facilitate contact and exchange of information between the two Continents through the facilitation of contacts and information exchange and to benefit from different acknowledgements with the objective to industrialize and to improve the economies of the two Continents and to implement a common method to avoid the immigration and stealing of brains from the region. Article (18) The State Members shall develop their activities in exchanging technology in medicine and health sectors, in the production of anti-virus medicines and other s and to proceed with plans and projects needed to improve the health level of the population. Article (19) The State Members shall work in cooperation in different areas of education through the facilitation and encouragement cooperation among technical institutions as well as to facilitate the exchange among universities to establish mutual scientific institutions between the two Continents. Article (20) The State Members shall work in cooperation to take the necessary measures to protect environment and to fight desertification and earth erosion, elimination of forests and destruction of the ozone layer, as well as to protect the LA PAZ 00002055 006 OF 006 maritime resources and their use for the benefit of the population of the two Continents and to work to avoid the drainage and theft of such resources. Article (21) The State Members shall establish a Council to represent them and the focus will be the study of questions related with the implementation of this Treaty and shall be organized to have the capacity to meet at any time, with no delay and could nominate under-commissions that might be needed to execute the rules of this Treaty. Article (22) Each State Member shall declare not to be entailed to whatever initiative with another State or States that contradict the provisions of this Treaty and shall be committed not to be part of whatever international initiatives that contradict such principles. Article (23) The ratification of this Treaty shall be done by the signatory countries according to each country's institutional rules and the documents of ratification or amendment shall be deposited, sooner the possible, with the Government of which shall informal all the State Members about the deposited documents. Article (24) This Treaty shall be in force thirty days after the date of the ratification submission and will be in force to the other signatory states after the entry in force of the submission of amendment documents to the Treaty. Article (25) Any signatory State is allowed to request any change in this treaty after its entry in force within one year of the request of amendment. The requested amendment will be made in case it obtains 2/3 approval. Article (26) After twenty years of the entry in force of this Treaty, any country which wishes to withdraw as member of the Treaty shall notify in writing to the Government of """" which will inform the remaining State Members. And after one year from the date of the notice and with the agreement of 2/3 of signatory countries the applying State will no longer be submitted to the rules of this Treaty. Article (27) Concerning current questions, an ordinary majority of 51 percent is required and for non-current questions it is necessary a 2/3 agreement. Article (28) This Treaty was conceived in the city of , on the date of , in five original samples in Arab, English, French, Portuguese and Spanish languages all being equal in their legal force and will be conveyed to the Government of . whom will send certified copies in accordance with their originals to all signatory states of the Treaty, as well as to inform them of the dates of the deposit of documents of ratification or integration. After the entry into force of the Treaty, the signatory states shall register them with the United Nations General Secretariats. Signatures URS