Identifier
Created
Classification
Origin
92SEOUL4375
1992-04-23 08:56:00
CONFIDENTIAL
Embassy Seoul
Cable title:  

KIM IL SUNG'S BIRTHDAY AND NEW TITLES FOR FATHER

Tags:  PGOV PREL KS KN 
pdf how-to read a cable
R 230856Z APR 92
FM AMEMBASSY SEOUL
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3024
INFO AMCONSUL PUSAN
AMEMBASSY BEIJING
AMEMBASSY MOSCOW
AMEMBASSY TOKYO
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
COMUSKOREA SEOUL KS//CJ-CC/BJ/BJ-CM-H/DJ/SJS/EJ-J/PAJ//
SA CINCUNC KS
USCINCPAC HONOLULU HI
JCS WASHDC
SECDEF WASHDC
CINCUNC SEOUL KS//UNCMAC//
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 SEOUL 04375 


CINCPAC FOR FPA

E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PGOV PREL KS KN
SUBJECT: KIM IL SUNG'S BIRTHDAY AND NEW TITLES FOR FATHER
AND SON: THOUGHTS IN THE SOUTH

REF: SEOUL 3952

C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 SEOUL 04375


CINCPAC FOR FPA

E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PGOV PREL KS KN
SUBJECT: KIM IL SUNG'S BIRTHDAY AND NEW TITLES FOR FATHER
AND SON: THOUGHTS IN THE SOUTH

REF: SEOUL 3952


1. C - ENTIRE TEXT.


2. SUMMARY: WITH N/S NEGOTIATIONS CONTINUING OVER
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE N/S BASIC AGREEMENT AND THE
NON-NUCLEAR ACCORD, KIM IL SUNG'S APRIL 15 BIRTHDAY BASH,
KIM'S NEW TITLE OF GENERALISSIMO, AND KIM JONG IL'S
ELEVATION TO MARSHAL HAVE GENERATED ONLY MODEST PUBLIC
INTEREST IN THE SOUTH. NORTH KOREA WATCHERS BELIEVE THE
NEW TITLES CONFIRM EARLIER INDICATIONS THAT KIM SENIOR
WILL NOT RETIRE, BUT THAT AT THE SAME TIME KIM JUNIOR WILL
TAKE ON EVER GREATER RESPONSIBILITIES. MOST OBSERVERS
BELIEVE THE NORTH'S POLICY LINE TOWARD THE SOUTH WILL
REMAIN UNCHANGED. END SUMMARY.

NEW TITLES
--------------

3. IN HONOR OF HIS 80TH BIRTHDAY ON APRIL 15 THE TITLE OF
GENERALISSIMO (DAEWONSU) WAS CONFERRED UPON KIM IL SUNG.
ON APRIL 20, THE DPRK ANNOUNCED THAT THE NORTH KOREAN
WORKERS PARTY HAD CONFERRED THE TITLE OF MARSHAL (WONSU)
ON KIM JONG IL AND O CHIN-U, MINISTER OF THE PEOPLE'S
ARMED FORCES. ACCORDING TO JAPANESE PRESS REPORTS, KIM
JONG IL ALSO MET WITH MEMBERS OF THE JAPANESE DELEGATION
WHO ATTENDED KIM SENIOR'S BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION. WHILE KIM
JONG IL HAS MET FOREIGNERS IN THE PAST, THE OCCASIONS HAVE
BEEN FEW AND FAR BETWEEN.

"PROMOTIONS" NOT UNEXPECTED
--------------

4. MOST NORTH KOREA OBSERVERS IN THE SOUTH EXPECTED SOME
CHANGES AROUND KIM IL SUNG'S BIRTHDAY. DR. KIL JEONG WOO
OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR NATIONAL UNIFICATION TOLD
POLOFF APRIL 20 THAT AT HIS BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION KIM
SENIOR OFFICIALLY DESIGNATED HIS SON AS HIS SUCCESSOR
(SOMETHING HE HAD NEVER DONE BEFORE) AND MADE THE OCCASION
AN OPPORTUNITY FOR KIM JONG IL'S "COMING OUT," I.E., WAS
INTRODUCED BY HIS FATHER AND MET WITH SOME FOREIGN
VISITORS.


5. KIL OBSERVED THAT IT WAS LOGICAL FOR KIM JONG IL TO
BECOME MARSHAL ONCE HIS FATHER HAD BECOME GENERALISSIMO.
ACCORDING TO KIL, THE TITLE OF MARSHAL IS HONORARY AND
POLITICAL IN NATURE AND DOES NOT CARRY GREAT MILITARY
SIGNIFICANCE, ESPECIALLY SINCE KIM JUNIOR WAS MADE SUPREME
COMMANDER LAST DECEMBER. KIL SUGGESTED THAT THE CONFERAL
OF THE NEW TITLE SYMBOLICALLY FORMALIZES KIM JUNIOR'S
INHERITANCE OF HIS FATHER'S POSITION WITHOUT HAVING HIM
TAKE OVER. KIM IL SUNG STILL HAS THE TITLES OF PRESIDENT
AND GENERAL SECRETARY OF THE KOREAN WORKERS PARTY (AND NOW
GENERALISSIMO). KIL SAID THAT KIM JUNIOR IS RUNNING THE
DAY-TO-DAY AFFAIRS OF THE COUNTRY AND PROBABLY PLAYS AN
IMPORTANT ROLE IN FORMULATING FOREIGN POLICY. IT WOULD
SEND THE WRONG SIGNALS, ACCORDING TO KIM'S ANALYSIS, FOR
KIM JONG IL TO TAKE OVER HIS FATHER'S ROLE COMPLETELY
DURING SUCH AN UNCERTAIN PERIOD FOR THE NORTH.


6. MOFA INTER-KOREA POLICY DIVISION DEPUTY DIRECTOR NAM
SANG-JUNG GAVE POLOFF A SIMILAR INTERPRETATION ON APRIL

22. NAM SAID THAT KIM IL SUNG NOW "LEADS AND REIGNS" OVER
NORTH KOREA, WHILE KIM JONG IL "CONTROLS AND RUNS" THE
COUNTRY. HE, HOWEVER, CITED THE PROMOTION OF O CHIN-U TO
MARSHAL ALONG WITH KIM JONG IL AS UNEXPECTED. HE
EXPLAINED THAT O'S PROMOTION MIGHT SERVE TWO PURPOSES.
FIRST, NAM EXPLAINED, THE NORTH CAN NOW ARGUE THAT THE
SUCCESSION WAS NOT DYNASTIC SINCE O AND KIM JUNIOR SHARE
THE SAME TITLE. SECOND, THE PROMOTION OF O COVERS KIM
JONG IL'S WEAK MILITARY FLANK BECAUSE O PRESUMABLY ENJOYS
STRONG SUPPORT AMONG MILITARY LEADERS.

NO EFFECT ON NORTH/SOUTH DIALOGUE
--------------

7. KIL, NAM, AND OTHERS WE HAVE TALKED TO DOUBT THAT THE
TITLE CHANGES IN THE NORTH WILL SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECT
NORTH/SOUTH DIALOGUE. BOTH EXPRESSED THE VIEW THAT HAVING
SIGNED THE IAEA SAFEGUARDS AGREEMENT AND THE TWO
NORTH/SOUTH AGREEMENTS, THE DPRK WILL PRESS FOR BETTER
RELATIONS WITH THE U.S., JAPAN, AND OTHER COUNTRIES, AT
THE SAME TIME STRINGING OUT IMPLEMENTATION OF THE
AGREEMENTS.

SOUTH KOREAN PERCEPTIONS OF THE NORTH UNCHANGED
-------------- --

8. KIM IL SUNG'S BIRTHDAY BASH GENERATED ONLY MODEST
PUBLIC INTEREST IN THE SOUTH. THE KIMS STILL RULE THE
DPRK, AND NEGOTIATIONS ON IMPLEMENTATION OF N/S DIALOGUE
AGREEMENTS HAVE YET TO ACHIEVE TANGIBLE RESULTS. WITH THE
BIRTHDAY SPOTLIGHT ON THE "GREAT LEADER," SOUTH KOREANS
WERE REMINDED OF KIM IL SUNG'S PERSONAL ROLE AS THE MAIN
OBSTACLE TO PROGRESS TOWARD REUNIFICATION.

COMMENT
--------------

9. FROM ALL INDICATIONS, THE SUCCESSION PROCESS IS
UNDERWAY. KIM JONG IL RUNS THE COUNTRY ON A DAY TO DAY
BASIS. KIM SENIOR, HOWEVER, RETAINS HIS POWER AS THE
SUPREME FIGURE IN THE NORTH. HE WILL IN ALL LIKELIHOOD
MAINTAIN HIS TITULAR SUPERIORITY WELL INTO THE PERIOD
AHEAD.


GREGG