Identifier
Created
Classification
Origin
91NIAMEY4184
1991-05-16 14:27:00
SECRET
Embassy Niamey
Cable title:  

COUNTERING LIBYAN INFLUENCE IN NIGER

Tags:  PREL PINS PTER LY NG 
pdf how-to read a cable
R 161427Z MAY 91
FM AMEMBASSY NIAMEY
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 1271
INFO AMEMBASSY ABIDJAN
AMEMBASSY BAMAKO
AMEMBASSY COTONOU
AMEMBASSY DAKAR
AMEMBASSY LAGOS
AMEMBASSY LOME
AMEMBASSY LONDON
AMEMBASSY NDJAMENA
AMEMBASSY OUAGADOUGOU
AMEMBASSY PARIS
AMCONSUL KADUNA
USCINCEUR VAIHINGEN GE//ECJ4-SAA/POLAD/ECJ2//
USDAO ABIDJAN IV
USEUCOM AIDES VAIHINGEN GE
S E C R E T SECTION 01 OF 03 NIAMEY 04184 


DEPARTMENT FOR AF/RA, AF/WF, AND NEA/AFN

E.O. 12356: DECL:OADR
TAGS: PREL PINS PTER LY NG
SUBJECT: COUNTERING LIBYAN INFLUENCE IN NIGER

REF: A. STATE 146918 (NOTAL)
- B. STATE 150492 (NOTAL)
- C. BAMAKO 003325 (NOTAL)

S E C R E T SECTION 01 OF 03 NIAMEY 04184


DEPARTMENT FOR AF/RA, AF/WF, AND NEA/AFN

E.O. 12356: DECL:OADR
TAGS: PREL PINS PTER LY NG
SUBJECT: COUNTERING LIBYAN INFLUENCE IN NIGER

REF: A. STATE 146918 (NOTAL)
- B. STATE 150492 (NOTAL)
- C. BAMAKO 003325 (NOTAL)


1. SECRET - ENTIRE TEXT

--------------
SUMMARY
--------------


2. DESPITE NUMEROUS EFFORTS OVER THE YEARS BY THIS
EMBASSY TO COUNTER QADDHAFI'S INFLUENCE IN NIGER,
THE LIBYAN PRESENCE HAS STEADILY GROWN. THE SAIBOU
REGIME CLINGS DESPERATELY TO ITS "GOOD-NEIGHBOR"
POLICY, AND FEARS ANTAGONIZING QADDHAFI. ALSO THE
NIGERIENS PERCEIVE TANGIBLE BENEFITS FROM THE LIBYAN
PRESENCE--AND NO NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES. THEY CANNOT
FIND A LIBYAN HAND IN LOCAL DISTURBANCES


3. TO HAVE A SUCCESSFUL APPROACH ON LIBYA, WE
SHOULD LAY DOWN MARKERS WITH THE NEXT GOVERNMENT AND
THE OTHER NEW POLITICAL STRUCTURES IN NIGER,
INCLUDING PARTIES AND UNIONS, ABOUT LIBYAN
SUBVERSIVE ACTIVITIES IN AFRICA. BRIEFERS SHOULD
SPEND MORE TIME ON CONCRETE EXAMPLES OF LIBYAN
SUBVERSION IN AND THROUGH AFRICAN STATES, THAN ON
MARGINAL ISSUES IN NIGER SUCH AS CW AND PALESTINIAN
TERRORISM. END SUMMARY

--------------
LIBYAN INFLUENCE GROWS DESPITE US DEMARCHES
--------------


4. COUNTERING LIBYAN INFLUENCE IN NIGER HAS BEEN
AMONG THIS EMBASSY'S HIGHEST PRIORITIES FOR YEARS.
WHILE WE HAVE READY ACCESS TO THE HIGHEST LEVELS OF
GOVERNMENT, AND HAVE MADE INNUMERABLE DEMARCHES ON
LIBYA, BOTH GENERAL AND SPECIFIC, WE HAVE NOT BEEN
ABLE TO ARREST THE INEXORABLE GROWTH OF THE LIBYAN
PRESENCE IN THIS COUNTRY.


5. TWO FACTORS HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO LIBYA'S
SUCCESS. FIRST, THE SAIBOU GOVERNMENT HAS BEEN MORE
INCLINED THAN ITS PREDECESSOR TO PURSUE A
"GOOD-NEIGHBOR" POLICY TOWARDS QADDHAFI. THE
REGIME'S REASONING IS THAT IT GAINS NOTHING BY
ANTAGONIZING LIBYA, EXCEPT FOR A GREATER CERTITUDE
THAT IT WILL ACT AGAINST NIGERIEN INTERESTS. WITH
QADDHAFI NEXT DOOR, AND A COMPLETELY OPEN EXPANSE OF
DESERT FOR A BORDER, LIBYAN "DIRTY TRICKS" IN NIGER
WOULD BE MERE CHILD'S PLAY.


6. SECOND, THE EXPANDED LIBYAN PRESENCE IN NIGER
HAS NOT YET HAD ANY CONCRETE NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES,
AND IN FACT HAS PRODUCED A NUMBER OF POSITIVE ONES
FROM THE NIGERIEN PERSPECTIVE. FIRST, THE NIGERIENS
OBSERVE MORE LIBYAN COMMERCIAL UNDERTAKINGS IN THEIR
COUNTRY, WHICH THEY EQUATE WITH INCOME FOR NIGER, OR

AT LEAST FOR SOME NIGERIENS.


7. THEY ALSO SEE LIBYAN ASSISTANCE FROM TIME TO
TIME, WHICH, ALTHOUGH NOT MUCH, IS MORE THAN THEY
GET FROM ANY OTHER MAGHREB STATE, AS ONE NIGERIEN
OPPOSITION PARTY OFFICIAL HAS POINTED OUT.
MOREOVER, THE SPREAD OF LIBYAN INFLUENCE IS ALMOST
CERTAINLY NOT WITHOUT SUBSTANTIAL FINANCIAL BENEFIT
FOR A NUMBER OF NIGERIEN INDIVIDUALS, THAT PERHAPS
DOES NOT SHOW UP ON THEIR GROSS INCOME STATEMENTS.


8. FINALLY, DESPITE THE UNQUESTIONED PRESENCE OF
NIGERIEN DISSIDENTS IN LIBYA OVER THE PAST TEN
YEARS, ESPECIALLY AMONG TUAREGS, THE GON HAS BEEN
UNABLE TO COME UP WITH ANY RECENT EVIDENCE OF DIRECT
LIBYAN ASSISTANCE TO AY DISSIDENT GROUPS IN NIGER.


9. IN OUR VIEW, AS LONG AS THE NIGERIENS LACK
CONCRETE EVIDENCE OF UNSAVORY LIBYAN ACTIVITIES
WITHIN THEIR BORDERS, AND AS LONG AS THE LIBYANS
CONTINUE TO ADD TO THE NATIONAL WEALTH, IT WILL BE
DIFFICULT TO CONVINCE THE GON TO CLAMP DOWM ON THE
LIBYAN PRESENCE. MOREOVER, WE CANNOT COUNT ON THE
PROLIFERATION OF PARTIES AND AN EVENTUAL CHANGE IN
REGIME TO CREATE A NEW ATTITUDE TOWARD LIBYA, SINCE
QADDHAFI IS LIKELY TO BUY INTO RELATIONSHIPS WITH
THE NEW POLITICAL PARTIES AND POWER CENTERS, IF HE
HAS NOT ALREADY DONE SO. WE HAVE VERY LIMITED MEANS
OF COUNTERING THAT KIND OF EFFORT.

-------------- --------------
NEED TO LAY DOWN MARKERS WITH GON, PARTIES, UNIONS
-------------- --------------


10. THE MOST EFFECTIVE APPROACH WE CAN TAKE TO
MINIMIZE LIBYAN INFLUENCE IN NIGER IS TO CONTINUE TO
LAY DOWN MARKERS AT EVERY OPPORTUNITY WITH THE
GOVERNMENT AND NOW WITH OTHER POLITICAL
ORGANIZATIONS (PARTIES, UNIONS, ETC.) ABOUT LIBYA'S
DESTRUCTIVE POLICIES IN AFRICA. WE SHOULD PROVIDE
CONCRETE EXAMPLES OF LIBYAN SUBVERSIVE ACTIVITIES,
ESPECIALLY IN NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES, AS WE HAVE DONE
HERE IN THE PAST REGARDING BURKINA FASO, CHAD, AND
BENIN. MALI IS ANOTHER COUNTRY IN WHICH THE
POTENTIAL FOR GROWING LIBYAN INFLUENCE (AS EMBASSY
BAMAKO HAS ARGUED) IS OF DIRECT SIGNIFICANCE, GIVEN
THE COMMON CHARACTERISTICS IN MALI AND NIGER OF
RESTIVE TUAREG POPULATIONS AMD POVERTY-STRICKEN,
NASCENT DEMOCRACIES RIPE FOR LIBYAN EXPLOITATION.

-------------- ---
COUNTERING THE "BENEFITS" OF THE LIBYAN PRESENCE
-------------- ---


11. TO COUNTER NIGERIEN PROPENSITY TO SEE THE
BENEFITS OF THE LIBYAN PRESENCE, WE SHOULD MAKE AN
EFFORT TO DRAW PARALLELS FOR THE NIGERIENS ABOUT HOW
CERTAIN LIBYAN ORGANIZATIONS IN NIGER COULD
POTENTIALLY WORK AGAINST NIGER'S INTERESTS,
ESPECIALLY BASED ON PAST EXPERIENCE IN OTHER AFRICAN
COUNTRIES.


12. BRIEFERS FROM WASHINGTON COULD BE PARTICULARLY
HELPFUL IN THESE TASKS, BUT WE SHOULD WAIT AT LEAST
UNTIL A TRANSITIONAL GOVERNMENT IS IN PLACE, IF WE
EXPECT TO REACH POLICY MAKERS AND OPINION SETTERS..
MOREOVER, OUR BRIEFINGS SHOULD NOT DWELL AT LENGTH
ON LIBYAN CW POLICY, SUPPORT FOR PALESTINIAN
TERRORISM, OR OTHER ISSUES MARGINALLY RELEVANT TO
NIGER'S CONCERNS. WE SHOULD BE AS NIGER-SPECIFIC AS
POSSIBLE, IF WE WAWT TO HAVE AN EVENTUAL IMPACT.

CUNDIFF