Identifier
Created
Classification
Origin
90MOGADISHU11003
1990-12-18 15:06:00
CONFIDENTIAL
Embassy Mogadishu
Cable title:  

DISCUSSION WITH MANIFESTO SIGNERS

Tags:  PGOV PINS PHUM MOPS SO 
pdf how-to read a cable
R 181506Z DEC 90
FM AMEMBASSY MOGADISHU
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 1207
INFO RUEHEG/AMEMBASSY CAIRO
AMEMBASSY LONDON
AMEMBASSY ROME
USIA WASHDC 7929
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 MOGADISHU 11003 


E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PGOV PINS PHUM MOPS SO
SUBJECT: DISCUSSION WITH MANIFESTO SIGNERS

C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 MOGADISHU 11003


E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PGOV PINS PHUM MOPS SO
SUBJECT: DISCUSSION WITH MANIFESTO SIGNERS


1. CONFIDENTIAL - ENTIRE TEXT.

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2. ON DECEMBER 17, DCM HOSTED A LUNCHEON FOR
SEVERAL SIGNERS OF THE MAY MANIFESTO. THEY ARE:
GENERAL ABDULAHI MOHAMED HASSAN, FORMER COMMANDER
OF THE SOMALI POLICE AND A MAJERTAIN (BIO DETAILS
FOLLOW SEPTEL); MOHAMOUD SALAH NOOR, ADOLBAHANTE
AND FORMER LABOR OFFICIAL; ABDULAZIZ NOOR HERSI,
A LAWYER AND MEMBER OF THE MAJERTAIN CLAN,
AND MOHAMED GIAMA, A MAJERTAIN AND FORMER AMBASSADOR
TO THE EC AND FORMER MINISTER OF COMMERCE. ALSO
PRESENT WERE OSMAN SAMANTAR, A PROMINENT MAJERTAIN
BUSINESSMAN, AMBASSADOR BISHOP AND POLOFF.

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3. PEACEFUL RECONCILIATION. THE GUESTS WERE
DISCOURAGED BY THE POSTPONEMENT OF THE CAIRO
ROUND TABLE TALKS, AND BLAMED IT ON THE GSDR
FOR HAVING ISSUED A STRICT NEW SECURITY DECREE
AND HAVING ARRESTED SEVERAL MANIFESTO SIGNERS
(NOTE. AMBASSADOR GIAMA WAS ONE OF THREE
MANIFESTO SIGNERS DETAINED FOR APPROXIMATELY
TWO DAYS DURING THE VIOLENCE IN MOGADISHU TWO
WEEKS AGO). ALTHOUGH THOSE DETAINED WERE NOW FREE,
THE GROUP MADE CLEAR THAT DIALOGUE WITH THE GSDR
WOULD BE IMPOSSIBLE SO LONG AS THE SECURITY DECREE
IS IN FORCE. MOREOVER, THEY SAID, THEY HAD
RECEIVED NO INDICATION THAT CHARGES AGAINST
THE DETAINEES HAD BEEN DROPPED.

-

4. THE MANIFESTO GROUP HAD BELIEVED THE NEW
CONSTITUTION TO BE A STEP FORWARD; BUT NOW, THEY
SAID, PRESIDENT SIAD HAD BLOCKED THE PATH OF
PEACEFUL RECONCILIATION, LEAVING ONLY VIOLENCE
AS A MEANS OF RESOLVING SOMALIA'S CRISIS.
NEVERTHELESS, THEY STILL BELIEVE STRONGLY THAT
A PEACEFUL, NEGOTIATED SOLUTION IS NECESSARY.

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5. ROLE OF THE U.S. THE GROUP EXPRESSED THANKS
FOR THE USG HAVING CUT AID TO THE GSDR. BY CONTRAST,
THEY CRITICIZED THE GULF STATES AND ITALY FOR THEIR
CONTINUED AID TO THE SIAD GOVERNMENT. THEY ASKED
THE U.S. TO PERSUADE THE GULF STATES NOT TO AID THE
GSDR, AT LEAST NOT BY GIVING CASH, WHICH IS USED
ONLY FOR WEAPONS PURCHASES AND PERSONAL ENRICHMENT.
THE AMBASSADOR EXPLAINED THE LOGIC BEHIND THE GULF
STATES AIDING THOSE GOVERNMENTS THAT SUPPORT THE
POSITION OF THE UNITED NATIONS AND THAT HAVE BEEN
HURT ECONOMICALLY BY THE GULF CRISIS. HE ALSO
POINTED OUT THAT THE GULF STATES ANNOUNCED THEIR
USD 70 MILLION AID FOR SOMALIA AT A TIME WHEN

CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM LOOKED MORE PROMISING THAN
IT DOES NOW.

-

6. THE GUESTS ALSO ASKED THE U.S. TO CONTINUE
TO PERSUADE BOTH THE GSDR AND THE VARIOUS
OPPOSITION GROUPS TO NEGOTIATE WITH ONE ANOTHER.
MOHAMOUD SALAH NOOR DISAGREED WITH THE AMBASSADOR'S
REMARK THAT U.S. INFLUENCE WITH THE GSDR WAS NOW
LIMITED PRECISELY BECAUSE WE HAD SLASHED AID.
NOOR MAINTAINED THAT THE OPPOSITE WAS TRUE: WITHOUT
U.S. AID, SIAD'S POSITION WAS MORE DESPERATE THAN
EVER. HE WOULD THUS BE WILLING TO DO ALMOST ANYTHING
TO GET THE MONEY FLOWING AGAIN.

-

7. FEDERALISM AND SOMALIA. THE GUESTS ALL
SEEMED TO HAVE READ DAS HICKS' SPEECH ON
FEDERALISM AND THE HORN OF AFRICA (USIS HAS
DISTRIBUTED MORE THAN 100 COPIES, AND CONTINUES
TO RECEIVE REQUESTS FOR MORE). DESPITE ARGUMENT
TO THE CONTRARY, ALL SOMALIS PRESENT SEEMED TO
EQUATE FEDERALISM WITH PARTITION, WHICH THEY DO NOT
WANT FOR SOMALIA. ONE PARTICIPANT MAINTAINED THAT A
FEDERAL SYSTEM WOULD INVITE THE SNM AND OTHERS BENT ON
SECESSION TO DESTROY THE UNITY OF SOMALIA.

-

8. THE MILITARY SITUATION. SAMANTAR, WHO IS
A CLANSMAN AND CLOSE FRIEND OF GENERAL MORGAN,
CLAIMED THAT THE GENERAL HAD LEFT MOGADISHU FOR
THE CENTRAL REGIONS ON DECEMBER 16, ACCOMPANYING
TWO CONTAINERS FILLED WITH SOMALI SHILLINGS (SOSH).
THE MONEY, ACCORDING TO SAMANTAR, WOULD BE DISHED
OUT 100,000 SOSH PER DEAD BODY, TO THOSE WHO KILLED
THE ENEMY. SAMANTAR SAID MORGAN HAD ONLY 1,000
POORLY-TRAINED RECRUITS AT HIS COMMAND FOR HIS
CENTRAL REGION OFFENSIVE. MOST OF THEM ARE OGADENI,
HOT TO REVENGE HAWIYE ATTACKS ON THEIR REFUGEE
CAMPS IN THE CENTRAL REGION.

-

9. SAMANTAR ALSO CLAIMED THAT GENERAL MORGAN
WOULD SOON TRAVEL TO CAIRO, AND THAT THE ROUND
TABLE TALKS WOULD BE RESCHEDULED FOR MID-JANUARY.

-

10. COMMENT. LATER THE SAME DAY, THE EGYPTIAN
AMBASSADOR TOLD AMBASSADOR BISHOP THAT THE GOE
WOULD SOON LAUNCH A UNILATERAL PEACE INITIATIVE,
CONSISTING OF INVITING THE VARIOUS PARTIES OF
THE SOMALI CONFLICT ONE-BY-ONE TO CAIRO FOR
DISCUSSIONS. IT IS POSSIBLE THAT MORGAN'S VISIT
TO CAIRO WILL FALL WITHIN THIS FRAMEWORK. ON THE
OTHER HAND, HE MIGHT SIMPLY INTEND TO ASK FOR ARMS.

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11. WE HAVE BEEN RECEIVING CONFLICTING INFORMATION
ON THE PROGRESS OF GENERAL MORGAN'S OFFENSIVE,
ALTHOUGH NONE OF IT POINTS TO SUCCESS. NUMEROUS
SOMALI ARMY CASUALTIES HAVE BEEN FLOWING BACK INTO
MOGADISHU AND THERE ARE REPORTS OF RENEWED FIGHTING
NEAR JOHAR AND MAHADE WEYNE, ABOUT 100 KM FROM THE
CAPITAL.

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12. THE GROUP'S RESPONSE TO DAS HICKS' SPEECH IS
TYPICAL OF THOSE WE HAVE RECEIVED SO FAR: PLEASURE
THAT SOMEONE IS GIVING SERIOUS THOUGHT TO THE
HORN AND ITS PROBLEMS, GREAT INTEREST IN THE SPEECH,
BUT STRONG RESISTANCE TO THE IDEA OF FEDERALISM FOR
THIS COUNTRY. END COMMENT.

BISHOP