Identifier
Created
Classification
Origin
90KHARTOUM11067
1990-10-23 14:00:00
UNCLASSIFIED
Embassy Khartoum
Cable title:  

QADHAFI VISITS SUDAN; CALLS FOR SUDAN, LIBYAN,

Tags:  PREL PINR SU LY EG 
pdf how-to read a cable
P 231400Z OCT 90
FM AMEMBASSY KHARTOUM
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 7168
AMEMBASSY CAIRO
INFO RUEHRH/AMEMBASSY RIYADH
AMEMBASSY NDJAMENA
AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA
AMEMBASSY LONDON
AMEMBASSY PARIS
USCENTCOM REAR MACDILL AFB FL
DIA WASHDC
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 KHARTOUM 11067 

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

E.O.12356: N/A
TAGS: PREL PINR SU LY EG
SUBJECT: QADHAFI VISITS SUDAN; CALLS FOR SUDAN, LIBYAN,
EGYPTIAN UNITY; CRITICIZES RELIGION IN GOVERNMENT

REF: KHARTOUM 11006

UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 KHARTOUM 11067

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

E.O.12356: N/A
TAGS: PREL PINR SU LY EG
SUBJECT: QADHAFI VISITS SUDAN; CALLS FOR SUDAN, LIBYAN,
EGYPTIAN UNITY; CRITICIZES RELIGION IN GOVERNMENT

REF: KHARTOUM 11006


1. SUMMARY: LIBYA'S QADHAFI VISITED KHARTOUM OCTOBER
20-23 TO PARTICIPATE IN THE CELEBRATION OF THE OCTOBER
1964 REVOLUTION. WHILE HERE, HE ADDRESSED THE CLOSING
SESSION OF THE NATIONAL DIALOGUE CONFERENCE ON THE
POLITICAL SYSTEM (NDCPS). QADHAFI CALLED FOR ARAB UNITY,
PARTICULARLY UNION BETWEEN SUDAN, EGYPT, AND LIBYA. HE
SAID HE WOULD TRY TO CONVINCE SPLA LEADER JOHN GARANG TO
END THE REBELLION AGAINST THE GOS. QADHAFI ALSO MET WITH
THE SUDANESE STUDENTS ASSOCIATION FOR OVER TWO HOURS AND
MADE A STRONG PITCH FOR KEEPING RELIGION (READ ISLAMIC
FUNDAMENTALISM) OUT OF GOVERNMENT. MOST SUDANESE ARE
PLEASED WITH THE SPEECH, BUT MANY BELIEVE IT WAS
COORDINATED WITH, IF NOT DIRECTED BY MUBARAK. END SUMMARY.


2. THE HIGHLIGHTS OF QADHAFI'S SPEECH TO THE NDCPS, AS
REPORTED BY THE SUDAN NEWS AGENCY ARE AS FOLLOWS:

HE RECALLED THAT HE AND EGYPT'S NASSER ADVOCATED
SUDAN-EGYPT-LIBYA UNITY IN THE EARLY 1970'S BUT SUDAN'S
NIMEIRI WAS OPPOSED DUE TO "UNFOUNDED SENSITIVITIES OF
EGYPT AND SUDAN."

HE MENTIONED SEVERAL ARAB TRIBES FOUND IN THE THREE
COUNTRIES CITING THIS AS AN EVIDENCE OF AN "INHERENT
UNITY OF THEIR INHABITANTS."

SUDAN, EGYPT, AND LIBYA ARE RICH IN NATURAL AS WELL AS
HUMAN RESOURCES AND, IF UNIFIED, THEY CAN FORM A POWERFUL
STATE.

REFERRING TO THE NDCPS RECOMMENDATION THAT PEOPLE'S
CONGRESSES FORM THE GOS, QADHAFI SAID THIS IS A TURNING
POINT IN ARAB HISTORY IN WHICH THE SUDANESE PEOPLE HAVE
OPTED FOR THE PEOPLE'S POWER WHICH WAS HERALDED BY LIBYA.

HE CALLED THE PARLIAMENTARY, PARTISAN, AND GOVERNMENT
SYSTEMS "NONSENSE" SAYING THAT THEY HAVE BECOME OBSOLETE
AND HAVE GIVEN WAY TO HIS "JAMAHIRYA STYLE" IN WHICH
THERE IS NO ROOM FOR GOVERNMENT AND IN WHICH THE PEOPLE
RUN THEIR OWN AFFAIRS THROUGH THEIR PEOPLE'S COMMITTEES
AND CONGRESSES. HE PREDICTED THAT THE JAMAHIRYA SYSTEM
AND THE PEOPLE'S POWER WOULD BE PRACTICED ALL OVER THE
WORLD.

HE HAILED AND EXPRESSED HIS FULL SUPPORT TO RCC CHAIRMAN
AND HEAD OF STATE, GENERAL OMAR AL BASHIR AND HIS AIDES
WHOM HE DESCRIBED AS "THE FIRST SUDANESE LEADERSHIP THAT
OPTED TO DEVOLVE POWER TO THE PEOPLE BY CHOOSING THE
POPULAR POWER WHICH IS TO BE EXERCISED BY THE PEOPLE'S
COMMITTEES AND CONGRESSES."

QADHAFI SAID THAT SPLA LEADER JOHN GARANG WAS A MEMBER OF
THE LIBYAN-BASED INTERNATIONAL REVOLUTIONARY ORGANIZATION

WHICH ADVOCATED PEOPLE'S POWER TO PREVAIL IN THE WORLD,
AND HE PLEDGED TO TRY TO CONVINCE GARANG TO TERMINATE HIS
REBELLION NOW THAT A JAMAHIRYA SYSTEM WOULD BE
ESTABLISHED IN SUDAN.

HE SAID THAT LIBYA HAD ARMED AND TRAINED GARANG WHEN HE
WAS FIGHTING PRESIDENT NIMEIRI BUT NOW HAD STOPPED
SUPPLYING GARANG WITH ARMS. HE ADDED THAT IF GARANG
WOULD NOT JOIN "THE MASSES OF THE SUDAN" LIBYA WOULD HAVE
NO CHOICE BUT TO TURN AGAINST GARANG IN SUPPORT OF THE
SUDANESE PEOPLE AND GOVERNMENT.

APPARENTLY IN A LIGHT REBUKE TO EGYPT FOR ITS
INDIFFERENCE TOWARD THE SOUTHERN SUDAN PROBLEM, QADHAFI
SAID EGYPT SHOULD APPRECIATE THAT DEFENSE OF SOUTHERN
SUDAN WOULD PROTECT EGYPT AND THAT SECESSION OF SOUTH
SUDAN IS HAZARDOUS TO EGYPT.

HE PREDICTED THAT THE SOUTHERN SUDAN PROBLEM WOULD WITHER
AWAY IF UNITY OF SUDAN, EGYPT AND LIBYA WAS ACHIEVED.

HE DECLARED THAT DEMONSTRATIONS WOULD BE STAGED IN ALL
ARAB COUNTRIES AS OF THE FIRST DAY OF NEXT JANUARY
PEACEFULLY DEMANDING ABOLITION OF BORDERLINES SEPARATING
THE ARAB COUNTRIES FROM ONE ANOTHER.


3. QADHAFI'S EVENING SPEECH TO THE STUDENTS WAS ALSO
ATTENDED BY GENERAL OMAR. CHARACTERIZED AS "BLUNT," IT
CALLED FOR A SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE. QADHAFI
EMPHASIZED THAT THERE WAS NO ROOM FOR RELIGION IN
GOVERNMENT, DEFENSE, ADMINISTRATION, OR EVEN JUSTICE, A
DIRECT CHALLENGE TO SHARIA.


4. COMMENT: DESPITE THE SHOW OF SOLIDARITY AND THE
RHETORIC, SERIOUS OBSTACLES REMAIN TO FULLY DEVELOPING
GOS-GOL TIES. GIVEN THE PRIMARILY ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALIST
BENT OF QADHAFI'S EVENING AUDIENCE, HE SENT A CLEAR
NEGATIVE SIGNAL TO OMAR AND THE NIF. RELATIONS BETWEEN
LIBYA AND SUDAN'S FUNDAMENTALISTS HAVE NEVER BEEN CLOSE.
THE RECENT ARREST OF 200 "ISLAMISTS" IN LIBYA WAS NOTICED
BY SENIOR NIF MEMBER WHO COMMENTED ON QADHAFI'S ANTIPATHY
TOWARD ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM. THE GOL-GOS UNITY
DECLARATION AND THE FEW ALMOST INSIGNIFICANT STEPS TO
IMPLEMENT IT HAVE NOT HELPED THE RELATIONSHIP.


5. MOST SUDANESE WERE PLEASED WITH QADHAFI'S SPEECH,
SINCE THEY SEE IT AS A DIRECT ATTACK ON THE NIF. THEY
ALL NOTE THAT "NO SUDANESE COULD HAVE SAID WHAT QADHAFI
SAID." MANY BELIEVE THAT EGYPT'S MUBARAK WAS BEHIND THE
SPEECH; IF NOT, HE ALMOST CERTAINLY WAS CONSULTED. IN
ANY EVENT, THE MESSAGE IS THE SAME THAT MUBARAK
REPORTEDLY GAVE OMAR A YEAR AGO DURING HIS VISIT TO
KHARTOUM. DIPLOMATIC SOURCES HAVE TOLD US THAT AS BLUNT
AS THE SPEECH WAS, QADHAFI WAS EVEN MORE BLUNT IN PRIVATE
DISCUSSIONS OVER NIF INFLUENCE, SHARIA AND SUDAN'S
INABILITY TO FEED ITSELF IN SUCH A RICH COUNTRY. HE ALSO
REPORTEDLY CRITICIZED THE PROLIFERATION OF GENERALS IN
THE SPAF, NOTING THERE WERE "TOO MANY STARS ON THEIR
SHOULDERS." .


6. QADHAFI'S OFFER TO INTERCEDE WITH GARANG IS PROBABLY
MORE SHOW THAN SUBSTANCE. QADHAFI STILL MAINTAINS CLOSE
TIES TO FORMER INTERIOR MINISTER MUBARAK AL FADIL AL
MAHDI, COUSIN OF THE FORMER PRIME MINISTER SADIQ AL MAHDI
AND SENIOR UMMA PARTY OFFICIAL, WHO SIGNED AN AGREEMENT
WITH GARANG EARLIER THIS YEAR. QADHAFI THUS HAS A
COMMUNICATION CHANNEL IF HE WISHES TO USE IT. AS FOR
QADHAFI'S THREAT TO TURN AGAINST GARANG, HE IS ALREADY
FURNISHING SIGNIFICANT MILITARY ASSISTANCE TO THE GOS.


7. QADHAFI'S PERFORMANCE MAY WELL FEED DOUBTS AMONG THE
GOS LEADERSHIP ABOUT HIS RELIABILITY AS AN ALLY AND
FURTHER STIMULATE THEIR COURTSHIP OF IRAN, WHICH THEY ARE
SCHEDULED TO VISIT IN EARLY NOVEMBER.


CHEEK