Identifier
Created
Classification
Origin
86BEIRUT6632
1986-12-04 13:17:00
SECRET
Embassy Beirut
Cable title:  

THE CAMPS WAR IN LEBANON

Tags:  MOPS PREL LE 
pdf how-to read a cable
O 041317Z DEC 86
FM AMEMBASSY BEIRUT
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 9884
INFO AMEMBASSY ALGIERS
AMEMBASSY BAGHDAD
AMEMBASSY CAIRO
AMEMBASSY DAMASCUS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
AMEMBASSY PARIS
AMEMBASSY RIYADH
AMEMBASSY TEL AVIV
AMCONSUL JERUSALEM
UNVIE MISSION VIENNA 0003
USCINCEUR VAIHINGEN GE
S E C R E T SECTION 01 OF 02 BEIRUT 06632 

E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: MOPS PREL LE
SUBJECT: THE CAMPS WAR IN LEBANON

S E C R E T SECTION 01 OF 02 BEIRUT 06632

E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: MOPS PREL LE
SUBJECT: THE CAMPS WAR IN LEBANON


1. (SECRET/NOFORN - ENTIRE TEXT)


2. SUMMARY: THE WAR OF THE CAMPS IN LEBANON CONTINUES
UNABATED WITH FIERCE FIGHTING. NOT SURPRISINGLY,
LEBANESE POLITICIANS HAVE DIFFERING VIEWS ON THE WAR,
DEPENDING ON THEIR POLITICAL OPTIC. THERE FOLLOWS OBSER-
VATIONS BY SEVERAL LEBANESE POLITICIANS IN CONVERSATIONS
WITH AMBASSADOR DECEMBER 3 AND 4. END SUMMARY.


3. THE CAMPS WAR BETWEEN THE PALESTINIANS AND THE SHIA
AMAL FORCES CONTINUES TO RAGE. NOW IN ITS SIXTH WEEK,
A MAJOR STRATEGIC CONFRONTATION CONTINUES AROUND SIDON.
THE RASHADIYAH CAMP NEAR TYRE REMAINS ENCIRCLED.
SHATILA AND BURJ AL-BURAJINAH IN BEIRUT'S SOUTHERN
SUBURBS CONTINUE UNDER RELENTLESS BOMBARDMENT. AS
REPORTED BY DAO/BEIRUT, ELEMENTS OF THE MUSLIM 6TH AND
1ST BRIGADES OF THE LEBANESE ARMY HAVE JOINED WITH AMAL
IN THE SIEGES OF SHATILA AND BURJ AL-BURAJINAH. THE
SYRIANS ARE PROVIDING AMMO AND LOGISTIC SUPPORT TO AMAL.
THERE ARE UNCONFIRMED REPORTS OF UP TO 300 SYRIAN TROOPS
IN AMAL UNIFORMS JOINING THE FIGHTING.


4. NATIONAL LIBERALS PARTY PRESIDENT DANY CHAMOUN
(MARONITE CHRISTIAN) TOLD AMBASSADOR THAT HE IS DELIGHTED
WITH THE WAR OF THE CAMPS. CHAMOUN SAID THAT AS LONG AS
THE SHIA AND THE PALESTINIANS ARE KILLING ONE ANOTHER AND
LEAVING THE CHRISTIANS ALONE, THE SITUATION IS JUST FINE.


5. FORMER FOREIGN MINISTER FUAD BUTROS (ORTHODOX
CHRISTIAN) SEES THE CAMPS WAR AS ENHANCING THE POSSIBILITY
OF A RAPPROCHEMENT BETWEEN LEBANESE PRESIDENT GEMAYEL
AND SYRIAN PRESIDENT ASSD. BUTROS SAID THAT SYRIAN
FAILURE TO HAVE THEIR SURROGATE AMAL FIGHTERS ACHIEVE
VICTORY OVER THE PALESTINIANS HAS FURTHER UNDERMINED
ASSAD'S POSITION, WHICH HAD ALREADY BEEN WEAKENED BY
WESTERN PRESSURE FOLLOWING THE REVELATIONS OF SYRIAN-
SPONSORED TERRORIST ACTS. BUTROS BELIEVES THAT BECAUSE
ASSAD IS WEAKENED, HE WILL BE MORE LIKELY TO BE
ACCOMMODATING TO GEMAYEL.

-

6. SHIA MODERATE DEPUTY RAFIQ SHAHIN (WHOSE CONSTITUENCY
OF NABATIYAH INCLUDES THE MAGHDUSHAH AREA WHICH COMMANDS
THE HEIGHTS OVERLOOKING SIDON) VIEWS THE WAR AS A SERIOUS
CHALLENGE TO THE SHIA POSITION. SHAHIN TOLD THE
AMBASSADOR THAT THE SHIA CANNOT AFFORD TO ALLOW THE
ESTABLISHMENT OF A PALESTINIAN ENCLAVE CENTERED AROUND
SIDON AND INCLUDING THE HEIGHTS OF MAGHDUSHAH. IF THE
PALESTINIANS SUCCEED IN ESTABLISHING AND HOLDING SUCH AN
ENCLAVE, SOUTHERN LEBANON AND THE SHIA WILL BE CUT IN
HALF. THE PALESTINIANS WILL CONTROL ACCESS BETWEEN
BEIRUT AND THE SOUTH AND WILL BE IN A POSITION TO CHOKE
IT OFF AT ANY TIME. FURTHERMORE, PALESTINIAN RETENTION
OF MAGHDUSHAH WILL PUT THE PALESTINIANS WITHIN A
KILOMETER OR TWO OF LAHAD'S ISRAELI-SPONSORED "ARMY OF
SOUTH LEBANON." SHAHIN SAID LAHAD'S MILITIA OCCUPIES THE
TERRAIN BETWEEN JEZZINE AND SIDON, OVERLOOKING MAGHDUSHAH.
SHAHIN ASSERTED THAT A PALISTIANH CLAVE AROUND SIDO,
WOULD MEAN UNREMITTING PALESTINIAN OPERATIONS AGAINST
LAHAD AND ISRAEL.


7. SHAHIN DESCRIBED AMAL LEADE NABIH BERRI'S POSITION
AS UNDER GREAT PRESSURE FROM ALL SIDES. IF BERRI AND
AMAL CANNOT REMOVE THE PALESTINIANS AROUND SIDON AND FORCE
THEM BACK INTO THE CAMPS, BERRI AND AMAL AS A COHESIVE
MOVEMENT WILL BE FINISHED. THE DIVIDED SHIA COMMUNITY
WOULD THEN BE PREY TO EVEN MORE EXPLOITATION BY THE
IRANIAN-SPONSORED HIZBALLAH EXTREMISTS.

-

8. SHAHIN SAID THAT BECAUSE OF OQE CURRENT SITUATION,
HIZBALLAH FIGHTERS ARE FIGHTING AND DYING WITH AMAL.
SHAHIN'S SON IN NABITIYAH DESCRIBED TO SHAHIN DECEMBER 3
THE FUNERAL OF 15 SHIA FROM ONE VILLAGE: 12 AMAL
FIGHTERS AND 3 HIZBALLAH. SHAHIN SAID HIZBALLAH IS ALSO
COOPERATING WITH AMAL AROUND TYRE AND IN BEIRUT. THE
HIZBALLAH LEADERSHIP DOES NOT LIKE SUPPORTING BERRI BUT
BECAUSE OF THE EXTENSIVE BLOODSHED, THE SHIA ARE UNITED
AGAINST THE PALESTINIANS.


9. SHAHIN ALSO DESCRIBED BLOODY ATROCITIES COMMITTED BY
BOTH SIDES AGAINST NON-COMBATTANTS, WOUNDED, AND
PRISONERS.


10. SHAHIN ALSO THOUGHT THAT THE FAILURE THUS FAR OF THE
SYRIAN-SUPPORTED AMAL EFFORT ENHANCES GEMAYEL'S
LEVERAGE WITH ASSAD.


11. COMMENT: IT IS CLEAR THAT THIS THIRD VERSION OF THE
CAMPS WAR DIFFERS FROM THE PREVIOUS TWO. IF THE
PALESTINIANS SUCCEED IN SECURING AN ENCLAVE IN AND AROUND
SIDON, THEY WILL HAVE SUCCEEDED IN CHANGING THE MILITARY
AND POLITICAL MAP OF LEBANON FROM BEIRUT TO THE
ISRAELI BORDER.

KELLY