Identifier
Created
Classification
Origin
09UNVIEVIENNA249
2009-05-29 14:42:00
UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
UNVIE
Cable title:  

EVALUATING PARIS PACT ON AFGHANISTAN: OPTIMIZING THE NEXT

Tags:  KCRM PREL PTER SNAR UN AF PK CA RU IR UK 
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VZCZCXRO6028
OO RUEHBC RUEHDE RUEHDIR RUEHKUK RUEHTRO
DE RUEHUNV #0249/01 1491442
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
O 291442Z MAY 09
FM USMISSION UNVIE VIENNA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 9517
INFO RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK 1665
RUEHBS/USEU BRUSSELS
AFGHA/AFGHANISTAN COLLECTIVE
RUCNIRA/IRAN COLLECTIVE
RUEHNO/USMISSION USNATO 0099
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 UNVIE VIENNA 000249 

SENSITIVE
SIPDIS

E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: KCRM PREL PTER SNAR UN AF PK CA RU IR UK

SUBJECT: EVALUATING PARIS PACT ON AFGHANISTAN: OPTIMIZING THE NEXT
PHASE

REF: A: 08 UNVIE VIENNA 170
B: KABUL 1064
C: UNVIE VIENNA 195
D: UNVIE VIENNA 152

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SUMMARY
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UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 UNVIE VIENNA 000249

SENSITIVE
SIPDIS

E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: KCRM PREL PTER SNAR UN AF PK CA RU IR UK

SUBJECT: EVALUATING PARIS PACT ON AFGHANISTAN: OPTIMIZING THE NEXT
PHASE

REF: A: 08 UNVIE VIENNA 170
B: KABUL 1064
C: UNVIE VIENNA 195
D: UNVIE VIENNA 152

--------------
SUMMARY
--------------


1. (SBU) SUMMARY: A May 14 briefing for donor and participant
countries by the consultant UNODC hired to assess the Paris Pact
emphasized inefficiencies in expert roundtable meetings, the
unsustainable Pact footprint, the Pact's enduring political utility,
and under-utilization of the ADAM system, all observations which
attendees welcomed. The consultant noted that the Automated Donor
Assistance Mechanism (ADAM),which lists all donor assistance
programs in Afghanistan with the aim of avoiding duplication, is
technically sound but under-utilized and that the 15 Paris Pact
expert roundtables held in the last five years developed many
recommendations with little follow-up action. He stressed that the
Paris Pact should develop in depth, but not breadth because the
current wide coverage, from Afghanistan to the Caspian and Black
Sea, is not sustainable. Furthermore, that the increase in members
and round-table participants is an inefficient way to utilize
resources and ineffective in making concrete decisions. He
concluded that the donors would have to decide whether they would
want to continue to fund the Paris Pact, which is entering its third
phase. Donor comments included calls for operational results and
more coordination with other regional organisms. Based on these
comments, the consultant will prepare a draft report to UNODC by
June 10, and a final report by end of June. Mission believes that
the USG should support a third phase for the Paris Pact. However we
recommend that we start working with other donors to find ways to
improve the efficiency of the Paris Pact before the consultant
submits his final report. END SUMMARY.
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Briefing Donors: Expert Roundtable not Expert Enough
-------------- --------------


2. (SBU) The UNODC hired UK's Omega Consultancy to carry out a
five-year review of the Paris Pact Initiative. On May 14, Omega's
Neil Bailey briefed donor and other member countries. He summarized

his sources, methods, preliminary findings, and next steps. The
Paris Pact is completing its second phase, which began in January
2007 and will end in December 2009. For his evaluation, Bailey
attended Pact meetings, interviewed meeting participants and senior
UNODC officials, and reviewed Pact documents from previous expert
roundtables. He concluded that if the Paris Pact were to be
extended to a third phase, it should "extend by depth, not breadth."
He was encouraged that host governments were well-disposed to the
Pact's National Security Analysts (NSAs). He considered the large
Pact footprint, now extending from Afghanistan into central Asia and
beyond, as unsustainable. He questioned the cost and utility of the
expert roundtables which, by his calculations, absorbed nearly $1.4
million of the Pact's $3.2 million budget for Phase II. (Of the
rest of the budget, $800,000 went to ADAM, and $1.1 million to NSA
support). The Phase II roundtables, in his view, also proved less
useful, as countries sent participants based on rank or political
importance rather than technical expertise. That, coupled with the
growing number of participants (more than 100),resulted in
political recommendations that had little practical utility.

--------------
ADAM Suffers from Lack of Use
--------------


3. (SBU) Bailey commented that the Automated Donor Assistance
Mechanism (ADAM) suffered technical problems during the first phase
which have been resolved. However, donors have not been using ADAM
during Phase II. (Note: ADAM is intended to provide a database of
assistance programs in Afghanistan, in order to avoid duplication of
donor programs. However, this requires donors to update their
programs regularly, something which donors apparently have not been
doing. End Note.) Counselor noted that seizures of precursor
chemicals under Operation TARCET were helpful because they provided
concrete, tangible results to justify support for the Paris Pact.
Counselor also highlighted that donor ambassadors, in an informal
meeting on the margins of the last Policy Consultative Group meeting
in December, had proposed establishing concrete benchmarks to
measure the Pact's effectiveness. The Russian and Austrian
representatives echoed this sentiment.


4. (SBU) Bailey characterized the Pact roundtables as having become
examples of "narco-tourism." The 15 roundtables held in the last
five years have consumed a majority of the Paris Pact budget. He
noted that in 2003, experts attended the Pact roundtables, but in

UNVIE VIEN 00000249 002 OF 003


2006, experts were fewer in number. Instead, countries have been
sending delegates because of their rank or political influence. As
a result, Bailey claimed, it is difficult for the round tables to
reach meaningful, practical recommendations.


5. (SBU) Bailey acknowledged that nothing much has been done with
many of the roundtables' recommendations. Some of the
recommendations from the last three years could have been taken
forward, but were not. He lamented the increasingly political
nature of the participants. He proposed that donor countries could
remedy this by restricting the use of their funds for the
participation of relevant experts only. Bailey also noted the
importance of limiting the size, number, attendance, and agenda, as
well as changing the format of the roundtables.


6. (SBU) Counselor commented that instead of holding annual
roundtables on different topics, Pact partners should focus on
implementation of the recommendations produced by the 15 round
tables of the last five years. She proposed that some future round
tables could be devoted to reviewing the progress of implementing
past recommendations. Russia voiced enthusiastic support for a
third phase of the Pact, but advocated a "comprehensive, balanced
approach" consisting of partnerships with other regional
organizations for the third phase, such as Shanghai Cooperation
Organization (SCO). Russia also voiced its desire to expand the
Paris Pact mandate to include tracking financial flows. (Note: In
various Vienna fora related to Afghanistan, Russia has always tried
to give prominence to the regional organizations which Russia leads,
such as the SCO. It has also been a longstanding, albeit
unsuccessful, advocate of some kind of financial security belt
around Afghanistan. End Note.)


7. (SBU) Bailey noted that the roundtables generated an
"unmeasurable political benefit" simply because they occurred, but
that operational results were now more important than ever. He
asked in conclusion if donor countries thought the Paris Pact should
be extended to a third phase, or "left to wither." Russia said it
would "remain engaged" but would also consider how to make the
Pact's approach more comprehensive to include issues like financial
flows. Several countries, including the U.S., said they would have
to report back to capital. Bailey closed by noting his draft report
was due to UNODC June 10th, and the final report was due at the end
of June. He added that countries may email him with further
questions and comments at neilbailey@aol.com.

--------------
More Briefing: Afghanistan and Iran Clash
--------------


8. (SBU) Bailey repeated his findings to a group of about 15 Pact
members after his briefing to the donors. (Note: Some of the
donors, such as Canada, did not attend the earlier briefing. End
Note.) Before he could finish, the Afghan Ambassador asked Pact
members to take note of the drug problems in Pakistan and Iran. The
Iranian Ambassador disagreed, noting the most problematic element in
the drug supply chain is the production of heroin in Afghanistan, in
its many labs. He added that while Iran considers the Pact to be a
productive forum for exchanging views - and is satisfied with its
outcomes - it finds the Pact lacking in action. He urged more
action, specifically to focus on three fronts - production, transit
areas, and consumption.


9. (SBU) Canada remarked on the difficulty producing actions from
the roundtables, since the so-called action recommendations are
often vague. The Afghan Ambassador proposed to have future
roundtables focus on something practical, like precursors. Bailey
reminded him that there was a precursor component in the 2006
program review he conducted, but that recommended actions on
precursors were never used. He suggested reviewing demand and
supply side projects in his report. The Russian representative
repeated Russia's position on regional organizations and financial
flows (See para 7 above). Egypt acknowledged the need for
high-level action, and underlined the importance of evaluating
program effectiveness. Bailey suggested that future roundtables
could be used to review the implementation of recommendations. Iran
voiced support for the Canadian and Russian positions on the Pact,
adding that there could be one roundtable of technical specialists.
Bailey stressed that any such expert group would be a small group to
replace, not supplement, the roundtables.

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Comment
--------------


10. (SBU) The Paris Pact is a pioneer initiative for tackling the
Afghan drug problem on a regional and technical basis. It has

UNVIE VIEN 00000249 003 OF 003


served an important political function by bringing together experts
from countries which may not be on speaking terms otherwise.
However, as the consultant has observed, Paris Pact roundtables are
losing their practical purpose and becoming increasingly political.
While Mission believes the Pact is worthy of continuing U.S.
support, we recommend that we start brainstorming with other donors
in the coming weeks to determine what actions we can take to improve
the Pact's efficiency before the consultant submits his final
report. END COMMENT.

SCHULTE