Identifier
Created
Classification
Origin
09BRUSSELS247
2009-02-20 16:13:00
CONFIDENTIAL//NOFORN
USEU Brussels
Cable title:  

AFGHANISTAN: GENERAL PETRAEUS HITS RE-SET BUTTON

Tags:  PGOV PREL PTER SNAR NATO MARR AF AID BE EAID 
pdf how-to read a cable
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C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 05 BRUSSELS 000247 

NOFORN
SIPDIS

STATE FOR SCA/FO, SCA/A, INL, INL/AP, EUR/FO, EUR/ERA,
EUR/RPM, DOD FOR USD (P),DOD FOR ASD/ISA, USAID, CENTCOM
FOR POLAD

E.O. 12958: DECL: 02/13/2019
TAGS: PGOV PREL PTER SNAR NATO MARR AF AID BE EAID
EUN, IO
SUBJECT: AFGHANISTAN: GENERAL PETRAEUS HITS RE-SET BUTTON
WITH EU

REF: A. 2009 BRUSSELS 132

B. KABUL 133

Classified By: CHARGE D'AFFAIRES CHRISTOPHER W. MURRAY
FOR REASONS 1.4 (b) and (d).

SUBJ: Afghanistan: General Petraeus Hits the Reset Button
with the EU

C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 05 BRUSSELS 000247

NOFORN
SIPDIS

STATE FOR SCA/FO, SCA/A, INL, INL/AP, EUR/FO, EUR/ERA,
EUR/RPM, DOD FOR USD (P),DOD FOR ASD/ISA, USAID, CENTCOM
FOR POLAD

E.O. 12958: DECL: 02/13/2019
TAGS: PGOV PREL PTER SNAR NATO MARR AF AID BE EAID
EUN, IO
SUBJECT: AFGHANISTAN: GENERAL PETRAEUS HITS RE-SET BUTTON
WITH EU

REF: A. 2009 BRUSSELS 132

B. KABUL 133

Classified By: CHARGE D'AFFAIRES CHRISTOPHER W. MURRAY
FOR REASONS 1.4 (b) and (d).

SUBJ: Afghanistan: General Petraeus Hits the Reset Button
with the EU


1. (C) Summary. General David Petraeus, Commander of U.S.
Central Command, discussed Afghanistan with representatives
from all 27 EU member states and other high-ranking EU
officials in Brussels February 11 and 12. General Petraeus
emphasized that his objective in meeting the EU was to
consult and listen. He reiterated the messages he had
delivered at the recent Munich Security Conference. EU
Ambassadors described the EU's "value added" in Afghanistan.
They applauded General Petraeus' visit as a clear
illustration of the "new tone" referred to by Vice President
Biden in his remarks at the Munich Security Conference -
showing that the United States was serious in its intention
to engage and consult partners. For their part, the
Europeans expressed eagerness to continue consulting with the
United States as the EU begins its own internal review of
Afghanistan policy. Upcoming EU discussions on Afghanistan
and Pakistan in February and March provide an opportunity for
the United States to influence the EU's thinking by providing
specific, early input on where we see the EU's value-added.
End Summary.

CENTCOM Commander addresses the EU
--------------


2. (SBU) The European Union's Political and Security
Committee (PSC),composed of Ambassadors from all 27 EU
member states, convened in extraordinary session on February

12 to receive CENTCOM Commander General Petraeus. The day
before, he met with a smaller group of leaders from the EU
Council Secretariat and Commission. General Petraeus
discussed with the Ambassadors prospects for U.S. - EU
cooperation across the board, with a particular focus on
Afghanistan. He said that the main purpose of his meeting
with the EU was to consult and listen. He reiterated the
messages he had delivered at the recent Munich Security
Conference, stressing that the problems in Afghanistan
required more than just military solutions. He assessed that
military action was necessary because security provides a
foundation for progress in other areas, but military action
alone is not sufficient. While the overarching objective
remained the prevention of Afghanistan again becoming a
sanctuary for trans-national terrorists, the U.S.
Administration recognized that accomplishing this objective
required more than military tasks, including strengthening
governance and the rule of law, and improving economic
development. General Petraeus also discussed the importance
of regional security to the situation in Afghanistan.


3. (SBU) General Petraeus stressed the importance of
coordination among the United States, the EU, and other
international partners, saying that we must be prepared for
the long haul in Afghanistan and must work toward a
complementary approach. General Petraeus said that this
would require many different types of contributions, and that
it would be the responsibility of commanders on the ground to
cobble those contributions together. General Petraeus noted
the U.S. strategy toward Afghanistan contained elements of
both continuity and change -- continuity with the values on

BRUSSELS 00000247 002 OF 005


which our individual countries as well as NATO and the EU are
founded, but with a change in tone and a hitting of the
re-set button in our bilateral relations with some countries.
He said he thought it important that partners be provided an
opportunity to give their perspective to the Afghanistan
strategic review that the United States would be conducting.
General Petraeus echoed Vice President Biden's comments that
we will work in partnership when we can, and alone only when
we must - that we will engage, listen, and consult, and that
America needs the world, as the world needs America.


EU Adds Value in Afghanistan
--------------


4. (SBU) An Important Role: EU Ambassadors described to
General Petraeus the EU's current efforts in Afghanistan and
its potential to do more (REF A). Ambassadors acknowledged
the EU was a "junior partner" in Afghanistan, but stressed
that they wanted the collective efforts of the Commission and
EU member states to complement the efforts of the United
States, UN, NATO, and other important actors in Afghanistan.
The Czech PSC Ambassador Ivo Sramek, who chaired the PSC
meeting with the General, noted that like the United States,
the EU was also conducting an internal review of its
engagement in Afghanistan. He said that he wanted General
Petraeus to leave his meeting with the EU with a clear idea
of the EU's value added in Afghanistan, which was reflected
in its work on governance, rule of law, institutional
security, and police. EU High Representative Solana's Policy
Director Helga Schmid added that Afghanistan has become an
important part of the transatlantic relationship and that
there was unfortunately a perception that the EU had not done
enough. Schmid sought to dispel that misperception, noting
that the EU (Commission and member states combined) will have
spent 8 billion EURO in non-military aid to Afghanistan
between the years 2007 and 2010.


5. (SBU) LOTFA and Justice Sector Reform: Richard Wright, the
European Commission's representative to the PSC, highlighted
for General Petraeus the Commission's commitment to
Afghanistan since the beginning of U.S. operations there. He
explained that the Commission alone has spent approximately
1.6 billion EURO since 2002, and that Commission funding is
currently committed through 2013. The Commission has been a
major donor to the Law an Order Trust Fund (LOTFA) for
Afghan NationalPolice salaries - having provided 200 million
EURO since 2002 -- and has worked to combat corruption in the
judicial system by promoting a proper pay structure and
personnel reform. General Petraeus thanked the Commission
for its sizable contributions to Afghanistan. He noted that
economic development and rule of law were areas with much
room for improvement in Afghanistan.


6. (SBU) Elections: Wright noted that the Commission had
helped finance the elections in Afghanistan in 2005 and would
also provide funding for the 2009 elections, focused on voter
and civic education. (Note: a Commission official told
General Petraeus in the smaller meeting February 11 that the
Commission would fund "up to 20 million EURO" for the 2009
elections. End Note.) Wright added that the Commission
would like to deploy a civilian election monitoring mission
in Afghanistan but that security concerns were the biggest
obstacle that would prevent an EU observer mission from
deploying. General Petraeus strongly encouraged the EU to
proceed with plans for the election observation mission,
noting that the key reason that the United States was

BRUSSELS 00000247 003 OF 005


deploying additional troops to Afghanistan to provide
security and give the elections greater legitimacy in the
eyes of the Afghan people. He stressed that the elections
must be seen as legitimate, and so they must be conducted in
as much of the country as possible. General Petraeus
suggested that the Commission's assessment team, which is
planning a trip to Kabul in April, coordinate closely with
ISAF. He added that he was confident that NATO would provide
support and assistance - whatever was needed - to EU election
observers.


7. (SBU) EUPOL: Head of EU Civilian Operations Kees
Klopenhouwer told General Petraeus and the assembly that
although the U.S. and the EU police reform programs have
different strategic focuses, they can complement each other,
and they are united in support for the Afghan Minister of
Interior Atmar. Klompenhouwer explained that EUPOL's focus
is top-down, working to build a professional police force
that can carry out basic civil policing tasks and fight
crime. He said that EUPOL was also focusing on working with
the Kabul City police and border police at the airport, in
line with the recommendations of Atmar. He added that the
EUPOL effort was coordinated with the United States efforts,
with CSTC-A providing basic training at the district level
and EUPOL complementing that work in specific niches. He
noted that if EUPOL were able to obtain the contributions it
had requested from member states, it could also support the
Focused District Development (FDD) effort. However, he
stressed that EUPOL could not "do it all." General Petraeus
responded that the best solution was likely to keep all of
the various contributions to police training but find better
mechanisms to coordinate them.


8. (SBU) Klompenhouwer said that EUPOL should reach its
intended 400 personnel by June, 2009. General Petraeus said
he looked forward to seeing what EUPOL could do as it reached
its full-manned capacity and reiterated the USG's respect for
EUPOL Head of Mission Kai Vittrup. In the larger meeting
with EU Ambassadors February 12, General Petraeus noted that
he had spoken to the Combined Security Transition Command
Afghanistan (CSTC-A) Commander Major General Formica the
previous day. General Petraeus said that MG Formica and EU
Police (EUPOL) Head of Mission Kai Vittrup had agreed to work
together, with each providing those contributions that it
could. General Petraeus said he thought this was the correct
approach. In response to a question by the German Ambassador
about the possibility of EUPOL deploying in U.S.-led RC-East
(REF B),General Petraeus said he thought the emerging
relationship between RC-East and EUPOL was positive, and that
we would see what was possible as EUPOL moved forward with
increasing its size.


9. (C/NF) Public Opinion Problem: In the smaller February 11
meeting, EU Council Director General for External and
Political-Military Affairs Robert Cooper told General
Petraeus that Afghanistan was not a popular campaign in
Europe, noting that even those countries which had
traditionally been most committed to Afghanistan, such as the
Netherlands, were now looking at how to pull out. He also
noted that all of Europe was expecting the United States to
"make demands" for Afghanistan and that the USG should decide
whether it wanted more European forces or would accept
increased European efforts in other areas, such as police and
civilian government. General Petraeus explained that he
would not be making specific requests of the EU in the
February 12 meeting, but that the effort in Afghanistan would
require more resources in all areas, with commanders on the

BRUSSELS 00000247 004 OF 005


ground cobbling all contributions together.

The Powerful Petraeus effect
--------------


10. (C/NF) The political importance to the EU of having a
senior U.S. military leader address the PSC -- this was the
first time the EU has received a U.S. flag officer -- cannot
be overstated. There was standing room only in the EU
Council's main conference room, with well over 150 people in
attendance, including Council Secretariat and Commission
representatives. It provided validation to EU member states
of the EU's strategic political role. EU Ambassadors and
other officials welcomed the visit as an important signal of
renewed transatlantic cooperation. The Hungarian PSC
Ambassador applauded General Petraeus' appearance before the
PSC as a clear illustration of the new tone referred to by
Vice President Biden in his remarks at the Munich Security
Conference - showing that the United States was serious in
its intention to engage and consult partners. The Swedish
Ambassador also applauded General Petraeus' visit, describing
it as a good example of the kind of transatlantic
coordination that can take place. The Estonian Ambassador
said he would like to make a "plea" to the United States to
include the EU's efforts in the USG strategic review of
Afghanistan policy and noted the urgency of "finally
addressing the coordination problem in Afghanistan." Both
the Estonian and Danish Ambassadors said they hoped to see a
strengthened role for the UN and UN Special Representative
Kai Eide in Afghanistan. The German Ambassador said he was
glad to see that U.S. views were so convergent with EU views
about Afghanistan.


11. (C/NF) Subsequent to the meeting with General Petraeus, a
number of contacts noted a new energy in the EU as a result
of the meeting. Many member states also recognized an
ensuing need for the EU to "deliver something concrete" on
Afghanistan, although some cautioned that the EU should not
take on "new tasks," but rather should focus on implementing
and "doing better" those tasks it is already doing. According
to one advisor to EU High Representative Solana, General
Petraeus' visit prompted a common realization that the EU
needs to revisit its strategy on Afghanistan. The advisor
hoped it would force the EU to reflect on what it is doing in
Afghanistan and whether or not those activities will have the
desired effects. The German Ambassador told USEU Charge
d'Affaires that General Petraeus' message that there could be
no purely military, or counter-terrorism solution in
Afghanistan (in contrast to impressions in the press) helped
assuage his concerns and those of other EU Ambassadors.
Contacts told USEU separately that the visit helped clarify
for the EU that the U.S. understands that its primary
objective in Afghanistan -- to prevent Afghanistan from once
again serving as a base for terrorism -- also requires a
strong focus on non-military tasks such as governance and
rule of law. "The EU is not as interested in following the
U.S.' lead in Afghanistan if the objective is
counter-terrorism alone," noted one advisor to Solana.

Comment
--------------


12. (C) General Petraeus closed his remarks to EU Ambassadors
by saying that the world currently has an opportunity in
Afghanistan. He said he hoped we can seize this opportunity
with our determination, resources, skill, and willingness to
consult and to put our collective shoulders to the wheel in

BRUSSELS 00000247 005 OF 005


Afghanistan and the region. The EU's enthusiastic reception
in such a setting of General Petraeus, and EU Ambassadors'
effusive comments to USEU officials following the meeting
underline the EU's eagerness to be seen by the United States
as a partner - albeit a junior partner - in Afghanistan and
the region.


13. (C) Several EU Ambassadors told USEU Charge d'Affaires
that General Petraeus' comments would help shape upcoming EU
internal discussions about Afghanistan and the region. The
German Ambassador told him that there would be 27 "glowing
reporting cables" in all of the European capitals on the day
following Petraeus' visit. EU leaders are now beginning
their own internal review of the EU's role in Afghanistan and
the region, to include thinking about how the EU might
increase its engagement. That internal discussion will begin
in earnest at the February 23 EU Foreign Ministers GAERC
meeting. The March GAERC will issue conclusions on
Afghanistan, and an EU Foreign Ministers' troika will meet
with the Foreign Minister of Pakistan in early March. End
Comment.


14. (U) This message was cleared by General Petraeus.

MURRAY