DELHI DIARY, APRIL 28-MAY 09

UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 NEW DELHI 001277

SENSITIVE
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E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: PREL PGOV PHUM PINR KPRP MCAP MNUC PARM SOCI
TBIO, XD, XE, XF, CH, IN, PK
SUBJECT: DELHI DIARY, APRIL 28-MAY 09

REF: A. SECSTATE 20964

B. NEW DELHI 00731


1. (U) Below is a compilation of political highlights from
Embassy New Delhi for April 28-May 09, 2008 that did not
feature in our other reporting, including:

-- India and Pakistan Trade Tit-for-Tat Missile Tests
-- Lok Sabha Speaker Withdraws Action Taken Against Unruly MPs
-- Indian Custodial Deaths Increase 60% in 2007-2008
-- India considers HIV/AIDS Anti-Discriminatory Bill
-- PM Singh Speaks Out Against Female Feticide
-- Manual for Training Police on Anti Human Trafficking

India and Pakistan Trade Tit-for-Tat Missile Tests
--------------


2. (SBU) On May 8, India tested its 3000 km-range ballistic
missile "Agni III", described by official Government of India
and India media reports as a complete success. This is the
third test of the Agni III, following the failed first test
in July 2006 and the successful April 2007 test. Indian
media quoted an Indian government official as claiming that
the Agni-III's development is now complete and that it is
ready for induction into India's arsenal, to be deployed in
2010-2011. The Defense Research and Development Organization
(DRDO),the Indian government agency responsible for
developing the Agni, publicly announced in April its
intentions to test-launch a so-called "Agni 4" ballistic
missile with a reported range of 5000 km sometime in early
2009 (ref B).


3. (SBU) The following day Pakistan test-fired its 350
km-range "Ra-ad" (Haft 8) air-launched cruise missile, in an
apparent tit-for-tat display of strength to answer the Agni
III launch. The Haft 8 was last test-launched by Pakistan in
August, 2007.


4. (SBU) Comment: This type of tit-for-tat testing between
Pakistan and India is not unknown, but to follow up as
quickly as one day afterwards is an unusually quick response
even in South Asia. The last reaction nearing this haste was
in on December 11, 2007, when Pakistan tested its 700
km-range "Babur" (Haft 7) cruise Missile five days after
India conducted a live-fire test of its indigenously-designed
missile-defense missile. End Comment.

Lok Sabha Speaker Withdraws Action Taken Against Unruly MPs
--------------


5. (SBU) Tired of Parliamentary business being disrupted and
being disregarded himself, Lok Sabha Speaker Somnath
Chatterjee (CPI-M) on May 1 referred 32 cases of disorderly
conduct against Members of Parliament (MPs) to the Committee
of Privileges. In doing so, the Speaker was signaling that
the time has come for him to take tough action to ensure that
in the future Parliament functions smoothly and in accordance
with the rules. On May 5, however, unable to stand up to the
political pressure, Chatterjee backed down and withdrew the
referrals against the unruly MPs, who were all members of the
opposition and not his Communist Party of India (Marxist) or
the ruling UPA government.


6. (SBU) During the last Parliamentary session, there were
dozens of incidents where MPs stormed the house floor, used
other disruptive tactics or simply stopped productive debate
and business from taking place. However, the two incidents
which prompted Chatterjee to take action occurred on April

24. The first incident was prompted by Bahujan Samaj Party
(BSP) Brajesh Pathak, who posed a question to the Minister
for Chemical and Fertilizers Ram Vilas Paswan and then would
not afford him the opportunity to respond. The second
incident involved 31 members of the National Democratic
Alliance (NDA) coalition, who staged a protest against the

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UPA government on the issue of inflation. In lieu of
attending the morning question hour, they formed a human
chain around the Parliament building. In the afternoon, the
NDA MPs trooped into the well, chanting slogans, disrupting
the business of the house and completely disregarding the
pleas of Speaker Chatterjee who tried to regain control of
the floor.


7. (SBU) Speaker Chatterjee received harsh criticism for
being partisan in his referrals and targeting only BSP or NDA
members. Before MPs could protest in the House, Chatterjee
adjourned Parliament until the afternoon and withdrew the
cases in the interim.


8. (SBU) According to news reports, there has been a sharp
decline in the amount of business conducted in the Lok Sabha,
which is directly correlated with the disruptive behavior of
MPs. The average number of bills passed each year has gone
from 68 to 50 between 1992 and 2001. Last year, Parliament
worked for the least number of days in the last eight years.


9. (SBU) Comment: Parliamentarians in India tend to use the
floor to stage protest more than actually conduct business
and the Speaker's job is to maintain the decorum of the
House. However, Chatterjee stepped on a landmine when he
decided to take action on this select group of MPs when in
fact MPs from across the political spectrum take part in the
ruckus that occurs frequently on the floor. In the process,
the national agenda gets short shrift. End Comment.

Increase in Indian Custodial Deaths Increase 60% in 2007-2008
--------------


10. (U) Custodial deaths in India increased to 188 cases in
2007-2008 from 118 reported cases in 2006-2007 per Indian
fiscal year reporting. Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Maharashtra
registered the highest number of cases. UP reported a 300%
increase in custodial deaths to 32 cases in 2007-2008 from 11
in 2006-2007. Maharashtra's numbers also increased from 21 to
25 in 2006-2007. Taken together, these two states, account
for 30 percent of all reported custodial deaths in India.
Gujarat, Assam, and Madhya Pradesh also reported cases of 16,
14, and 10 respectively.


11. (U) Comment: Several states including Arunachal Pradesh,
Manipur, Goa, Mizoram, Nagaland, Pondicherry, Andaman and
Nicobar, Dadar and Nagar Haveli, Lakshadweep and Daman, and
Diu officially reported no custodial deaths, despite
allegations and reports to the contrary. Many state police
forces in India have insufficient training and reportedly
rely on torture as one of the more expedient and convenient
way to resolve cases. Further, NGOs and international
humanitarian organizations tell us that the cultural
acceptance of torture in prisons coupled with poor prison
conditions and subsequent custodial deaths call into question
the credibility of India's criminal justice system. End
Comment.

India considers HIV/AIDS Anti-Discriminatory Bill
--------------


12. (U) By law, discriminating against India's 3-6 million
people living with HIV/AIDS is prohibited. In reality,
however, discrimination is omnipresent. The media is
beginning to report more stories about HIV positive people
and their plight, such as a woman who was forced to give
birth to a child outside of a hospital as the doctors at the
Meerut Medical College in Uttar Pradesh refused to provide
care to the patient. In response to mounting social
pressure, the Ministry of Health will try to push an HIV/AIDS
anti-discrimination bill through the next parliamentary
session. The bill, drafted by activists, lawyers, NGOs and
the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO),provides for
the rights to equality, autonomy, privacy and health, safe

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working environment and access to information for all HIV
positive people.


13. (U) Comment: As India blossoms, the GOI must remember to
include its most marginalized groups. And, as usual, passing
a new law is only the beginning. Implementing the law and
ensuring its people abide by its spirit could require years,
if not a generation. End Comment.

PM Singh Speaks Out Against Female Feticide
--------------


14. (U) Proud father of three daughters, Prime Minister
Singh publicly weighed in on April 28 against the "inhuman
and uncivilized practice" of female feticide. Pleading with
civil society, NGOs and the government, he warned that a
country like India entering the 21 century could not possibly
claim to be part of a civilized world if it concurrently
condoned the practice of discriminating against women. Singh
noted that even states such as Gujarat and Punjab, with
growing economic prosperity and access to quality education,
do not have correlating reductions in female feticide rates.
Condemning social ills such as child marriage, dowry, and
female illiteracy, Singh said they make Indian women
extremely vulnerable and suggested the problem be addressed
by social awareness at home and strict enforcement of the
Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostics Techniques Act. He
also called for the National Literacy Mission to be
reoriented to improve female literacy and challenge the
unbalanced sex ratio in India.


15. (U) Comment: While India's appalling rate of female
feticide is not new news, it is noteworthy that even the PM
is speaking out on the issue. He is also on the right track
to suggest that valuing women is directly correlated to
raising their economic worth in society through education.
The more social and political might be used to elevate
awareness of gender discrimination, the greater the
likelihood that India can eventually close the gap in the
worrying sex ratio. End Comment.

Manual for Training Police on Anti Human Trafficking
--------------


16. (U) UNODC released a Manual for training police on Anti
Human Trafficking (AHT) in late April. This manual is part of
a series of tools introduced by UNODC in partnership with the
Indian Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) in its ongoing G/TIP
funded project to strengthen the law enforcement response
against TIP through training and capacity building. The
manual, designed to train police to be more sensitive when
working with TIP victims, especially commercial sex workers,
will be integral to police training programs and translated
into regional languages. The well-organized manual
provides a basic overview of trafficking and related
concepts; outlines specific police do's and don'ts; describes
appropriate police conduct, behavior, attitude and
communication through training workshops; and provides
train-the-trainers concepts for facilitators.


17. (U) Comment: UNODC, with USG and GOI funding, remains
our flagship project to combat TIP in India. As a direct
result of UNODC's work, NGOs tell us that they are beginning
to see nominal improvements in law enforcement vis--vis TIP
victims. While there is still a long road ahead, this is
another step in the right direction. End Comment.
MULFORD