Identifier
Created
Classification
Origin
08BELGRADE1123
2008-10-29 15:28:00
UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Embassy Belgrade
Cable title:
SERBIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH PREPARES FOR ELECTION AS PATRIARCH
how-toVZCZCXRO8213 RR RUEHAG RUEHAST RUEHDA RUEHDF RUEHFL RUEHIK RUEHKW RUEHLA RUEHLN RUEHLZ RUEHPOD RUEHROV RUEHSR RUEHVK RUEHYG DE RUEHBW #1123/01 3031528 ZNR UUUUU ZZH R 291528Z OCT 08 FM AMEMBASSY BELGRADE TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 0585 INFO RUEHZL/EUROPEAN POLITICAL COLLECTIVE
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 BELGRADE 001123
SENSITIVE
SIPDIS
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: KIRF PHUM PGOV PREL SR KV
SUBJECT: SERBIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH PREPARES FOR ELECTION AS PATRIARCH
PAVLE STEPS ASIDE
REFS: A) BELGRADE 600, B) 07 BELGRADE 1560, C) BELGRADE 904
Summary
-------
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 BELGRADE 001123
SENSITIVE
SIPDIS
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: KIRF PHUM PGOV PREL SR KV
SUBJECT: SERBIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH PREPARES FOR ELECTION AS PATRIARCH
PAVLE STEPS ASIDE
REFS: A) BELGRADE 600, B) 07 BELGRADE 1560, C) BELGRADE 904
Summary
--------------
1. (SBU) Following its October 24 meeting, the Holy Synod of the
Serbian Orthodox Church (SOC) announced that 94-year old Patriarch
Pavle had submitted a request to relinquish his duties. If, as
anticipated, the Holy Assembly of Bishops accepts the request at its
upcoming meeting on November 11, church law proscribes election of a
new Patriarch within 90 days. The installation of a new Patriarch
while Pavle remains alive, while cause for consternation for some
observers of the Church, is not unprecedented. The larger battle
looms over who will succeed Pavle, as well as the impact that this
choice would have upon the future of the Church and its role in
society. End Summary.
Pavle Decides to Step Aside
--------------
2. (U) On October 24, the Holy Synod released a statement
confirming days of media speculation that Patriarch Pavle, confined
to his room at the Military Medical Academy in Belgrade since
November 2007, had requested to be relieved of his duties in
accordance with Article 111 of the SOC Charter. Pavle reportedly
cited his health as the reason for his desire to step down from his
lifetime appointment.
3. (U) On October 24, the daily "Blic" published a detailed account
of the request, including that Pavle signed the document in green
ink and in the presence of members of the Synod. However, the
decision by the Synod not to release the document publicly led to
statements by Bishop Lavrentije of Sabac and others calling into
doubt the authenticity of the document. In response, Bishop
Amfilohije -- Metropolitan of Montenegro and the Coastlands -- who
presides over the Synod and technically "runs" the Church in Pavle's
absence, stated unequivocally on October 28 that Patriarch Pavle
signed the request on October 8 in the presence of all members of
the Synod and that Amfilohije, Bishop Hrizostom of Zic, Bishop
Hrizostom of Bihac and Petrovac, and Bishop Filaret of Mileseva
counter-signed the document.
4. (SBU) Some press reports also gave voice to concerns expressed
by the conservative wing of the SOC, headed by Bishop Artemije of
Raska and Prizren, with strong support from the "Bosnian lobby" (Ref
A),about electing a new Patriarch while Pavle remained alive. The
majority of bishops, however, appear to be comfortable with
proceeding to a new election, frequently citing in interviews the
cases of the first Serbian Archbishop Sveti Sava, Patriarch Jefrem
in the 14th century, and the circumstances under which Pavle became
Patriarch in 1990 after doctors ruled that his predecessor German
was unable to carry out his duties. Dragan Makojevic, director of
the SOC charitable fund Philanthropy, told us on October 27 that he
does not believe that this is an issue of critical importance.
New Patriarch as Early as November 11
--------------
5. (U) In the event that the Holy Synod accepts Patriarch's Pavle
resignation at its November 11 meeting, it can proceed directly with
the election of a new Patriarch or it can delay a vote for up to 90
days. In addition to the likelihood that members of the Assembly
will raise the circumstances of Pavle's request, there is
speculation that the complicated election process (Ref B),in which
only full bishops have the right to vote and the final choice among
the three candidates selected by the bishops is a blind draw, may
come under challenge.
6. (SBU) Because there are several other issues, including the
"frozen conflict" between Bishop Artemije and Bishop Teodosije (Ref
C),that may require the attention of the Synod, most observers,
including Makojevic and religion analyst Zivica Tucic, believe that
it is not possible to predict at this time when the election would
take place.
Possible Heirs to the Throne
--------------
7. (SBU) As many as 10 names figure prominently in press reports
about a possible successor to Pavle, including several that surfaced
in November 2007 after Patriarch Pavle entered the hospital and
again in May 2008 during the last meeting of the Holy Synod (Refs A
and B).
8. (SBU) The front-runner at this time appears to remain
Metropolitan Amfilohije, due to his role in the day-to-day
activities of the Church. Some analysts, however, believe that his
chances were greater under the government led by former Prime
Minister Vojislav Kostunica. Two other highly influential bishops
-- Bishop Irinej of Backa and Bishop Hrizostom of Zic - also are
considered serious candidates from the old guard. Irinej, praised
BELGRADE 00001123 002 OF 002
for his role in introducing religious studies in schools in 2001 but
criticized for his candid stance on internal church affairs, served
as an unofficial adviser to both former President Milosevic and
former Prime Minister Djindjic. Hrizostom studied theology in the
U.S. and headed Hilandar, the Serbian monastery on Mount Athos, for
20 years.
9. (SBU) A second group of potential su#[QmBw}this
group, which includes Bishop Grigorije of Zahumlje and Herzegovina,
Bishop Fotije of Dalmatia, Bishop Joanikije of Budem and Niksic, and
Bishop Ignatije of Pozarevac and Branicevo. Perhaps the best known
of this group is Grigorije, who in 2006 called on the Hague
indictees to surrender and whom Prime Minister Dodik reportedly
supports openly.
10. (SBU) Given the current divisions within the SOC, some
observers believe that a compromise choice may emerge if the
factions that support candidates from the youth movement or the old
guard fail to agree. Seventy-eight-year old Bishop Irinej of Nis,
vicar to Patriarch German, and Bishop Jefrem of Banja Luka, who
likely would enjoy support of the "Bosnian lobby," are seen as
potential compromise candidates.
Comment
--------------
11. (SBU) After a long period of uncertainty and at times paralysis
due to the prolonged illness that sidelined Patriarch Pavle, it
appears that the Serbian Orthodox Church is finally moving to
resolve the situation. The election of a new Patriarch, and the
extent to which the process exacerbates existing tensions or unifies
the Church, will determine whether the Church will be able to play a
positive role for reconciliation in society or will be perceived as
a divided and backward-looking institution. End Comment.
MUNTER
SENSITIVE
SIPDIS
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: KIRF PHUM PGOV PREL SR KV
SUBJECT: SERBIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH PREPARES FOR ELECTION AS PATRIARCH
PAVLE STEPS ASIDE
REFS: A) BELGRADE 600, B) 07 BELGRADE 1560, C) BELGRADE 904
Summary
--------------
1. (SBU) Following its October 24 meeting, the Holy Synod of the
Serbian Orthodox Church (SOC) announced that 94-year old Patriarch
Pavle had submitted a request to relinquish his duties. If, as
anticipated, the Holy Assembly of Bishops accepts the request at its
upcoming meeting on November 11, church law proscribes election of a
new Patriarch within 90 days. The installation of a new Patriarch
while Pavle remains alive, while cause for consternation for some
observers of the Church, is not unprecedented. The larger battle
looms over who will succeed Pavle, as well as the impact that this
choice would have upon the future of the Church and its role in
society. End Summary.
Pavle Decides to Step Aside
--------------
2. (U) On October 24, the Holy Synod released a statement
confirming days of media speculation that Patriarch Pavle, confined
to his room at the Military Medical Academy in Belgrade since
November 2007, had requested to be relieved of his duties in
accordance with Article 111 of the SOC Charter. Pavle reportedly
cited his health as the reason for his desire to step down from his
lifetime appointment.
3. (U) On October 24, the daily "Blic" published a detailed account
of the request, including that Pavle signed the document in green
ink and in the presence of members of the Synod. However, the
decision by the Synod not to release the document publicly led to
statements by Bishop Lavrentije of Sabac and others calling into
doubt the authenticity of the document. In response, Bishop
Amfilohije -- Metropolitan of Montenegro and the Coastlands -- who
presides over the Synod and technically "runs" the Church in Pavle's
absence, stated unequivocally on October 28 that Patriarch Pavle
signed the request on October 8 in the presence of all members of
the Synod and that Amfilohije, Bishop Hrizostom of Zic, Bishop
Hrizostom of Bihac and Petrovac, and Bishop Filaret of Mileseva
counter-signed the document.
4. (SBU) Some press reports also gave voice to concerns expressed
by the conservative wing of the SOC, headed by Bishop Artemije of
Raska and Prizren, with strong support from the "Bosnian lobby" (Ref
A),about electing a new Patriarch while Pavle remained alive. The
majority of bishops, however, appear to be comfortable with
proceeding to a new election, frequently citing in interviews the
cases of the first Serbian Archbishop Sveti Sava, Patriarch Jefrem
in the 14th century, and the circumstances under which Pavle became
Patriarch in 1990 after doctors ruled that his predecessor German
was unable to carry out his duties. Dragan Makojevic, director of
the SOC charitable fund Philanthropy, told us on October 27 that he
does not believe that this is an issue of critical importance.
New Patriarch as Early as November 11
--------------
5. (U) In the event that the Holy Synod accepts Patriarch's Pavle
resignation at its November 11 meeting, it can proceed directly with
the election of a new Patriarch or it can delay a vote for up to 90
days. In addition to the likelihood that members of the Assembly
will raise the circumstances of Pavle's request, there is
speculation that the complicated election process (Ref B),in which
only full bishops have the right to vote and the final choice among
the three candidates selected by the bishops is a blind draw, may
come under challenge.
6. (SBU) Because there are several other issues, including the
"frozen conflict" between Bishop Artemije and Bishop Teodosije (Ref
C),that may require the attention of the Synod, most observers,
including Makojevic and religion analyst Zivica Tucic, believe that
it is not possible to predict at this time when the election would
take place.
Possible Heirs to the Throne
--------------
7. (SBU) As many as 10 names figure prominently in press reports
about a possible successor to Pavle, including several that surfaced
in November 2007 after Patriarch Pavle entered the hospital and
again in May 2008 during the last meeting of the Holy Synod (Refs A
and B).
8. (SBU) The front-runner at this time appears to remain
Metropolitan Amfilohije, due to his role in the day-to-day
activities of the Church. Some analysts, however, believe that his
chances were greater under the government led by former Prime
Minister Vojislav Kostunica. Two other highly influential bishops
-- Bishop Irinej of Backa and Bishop Hrizostom of Zic - also are
considered serious candidates from the old guard. Irinej, praised
BELGRADE 00001123 002 OF 002
for his role in introducing religious studies in schools in 2001 but
criticized for his candid stance on internal church affairs, served
as an unofficial adviser to both former President Milosevic and
former Prime Minister Djindjic. Hrizostom studied theology in the
U.S. and headed Hilandar, the Serbian monastery on Mount Athos, for
20 years.
9. (SBU) A second group of potential su#[QmBw}this
group, which includes Bishop Grigorije of Zahumlje and Herzegovina,
Bishop Fotije of Dalmatia, Bishop Joanikije of Budem and Niksic, and
Bishop Ignatije of Pozarevac and Branicevo. Perhaps the best known
of this group is Grigorije, who in 2006 called on the Hague
indictees to surrender and whom Prime Minister Dodik reportedly
supports openly.
10. (SBU) Given the current divisions within the SOC, some
observers believe that a compromise choice may emerge if the
factions that support candidates from the youth movement or the old
guard fail to agree. Seventy-eight-year old Bishop Irinej of Nis,
vicar to Patriarch German, and Bishop Jefrem of Banja Luka, who
likely would enjoy support of the "Bosnian lobby," are seen as
potential compromise candidates.
Comment
--------------
11. (SBU) After a long period of uncertainty and at times paralysis
due to the prolonged illness that sidelined Patriarch Pavle, it
appears that the Serbian Orthodox Church is finally moving to
resolve the situation. The election of a new Patriarch, and the
extent to which the process exacerbates existing tensions or unifies
the Church, will determine whether the Church will be able to play a
positive role for reconciliation in society or will be perceived as
a divided and backward-looking institution. End Comment.
MUNTER