Identifier
Created
Classification
Origin
07QUITO440
2007-02-26 17:36:00
UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Embassy Quito
Cable title:  

NEW LEGAL ADVISOR A PRACTICAL ADDITION TO ENERGY MINISTRY

Tags:  EINV ENRG ECON EC 
pdf how-to read a cable
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OO RUEHWEB

DE RUEHQT #0440/01 0571736
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
O 261736Z FEB 07
FM AMEMBASSY QUITO
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 6400
INFO RUEHBO/AMEMBASSY BOGOTA PRIORITY 6458
RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS PRIORITY 2385
RUEHLP/AMEMBASSY LA PAZ FEB 0433
RUEHPE/AMEMBASSY LIMA PRIORITY 1430
RUEHGL/AMCONSUL GUAYAQUIL PRIORITY 1939
UNCLAS QUITO 000440 

SIPDIS

SENSITIVE
SIPDIS

TREASURY FOR S. GOOCH
DEPT FOR WHA/EPSC FAITH CORNEILLE

E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: EINV ENRG ECON EC

SUBJECT: NEW LEGAL ADVISOR A PRACTICAL ADDITION TO ENERGY MINISTRY

REF: A. 06 QUITO 1735


B. 06 QUITO 2465

C. QUITO 321

UNCLAS QUITO 000440

SIPDIS

SENSITIVE
SIPDIS

TREASURY FOR S. GOOCH
DEPT FOR WHA/EPSC FAITH CORNEILLE

E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: EINV ENRG ECON EC

SUBJECT: NEW LEGAL ADVISOR A PRACTICAL ADDITION TO ENERGY MINISTRY

REF: A. 06 QUITO 1735


B. 06 QUITO 2465

C. QUITO 321


1. (SBU) Summary: In a meeting between EconCouns and new Ministry
of Energy Legal Advisor Raul Moscoso February 22, Moscoso confirmed
that the GOE is assembling a legal team to defend its interests in
the Oxy arbitration, and stressed the administration's interest in
foreign investment in the energy sector and in solving investment
disputes with U.S. companies. He also noted possible changes in the
mining sector. End Summary.

Ecuador to Participate in Oxy Arbitration
--------------


2. (SBU) Moscoso confirmed reports from the press and from other
sources that the GOE is assembling a legal team to defend its
interests in the international arbitration case under the ICSID
brought by Occidental Petroleum (Oxy). While the Correa
administration has previously made statements to the effect that the
arbitration is invalid, it appears they will now participate in the
process to defend Ecuador's actions. Moscoso emphasized that the
GOE needs to respect agreements such as the Bilteral Investment
Treaty (BIT) with the United States.


3. (SBU) The GOE has created a commission to define its strategy
for the arbitration, consisting of legal representatives from the
Procurador's office, the Foreign Ministry, state oil company
Petroecuador, the Energy Ministry (to be represented by Moscoso),
and the operator of Oxy's former fields. Moscoso confirmed that the
GOE has contracted a "prestigious" U.S. law firm for the
arbitration. From an outside source, post has learned that the U.S.
lawyer would be Paul Reichler (of DC law firm Foley Hoag); in
December the then-Procurador General (Solicitor General) told the
Embassy that he intended to hire Reichler to represent the GOE in
the Oxy case. Moscoso also confirmed that the GOE's initial defense
will be that ICSID does not have jurisdiction to hear the case. Oxy
reports that the ICSID tribunal held an initial meeting the week of
February 12 to organize, and will likely start formal hearings the
first week in May.

Administration Favors Investment; Seeks Solutions
-------------- --------------



4. (SBU) Moscoso stressed that the administration wants to promote
investment in the energy sector, and mentioned that efforts to solve
GOE disputes with U.S. firms Machala Power and City Oriente are "in
process."


5. (SBU) U.S. electricity company Machala Power has brought an
international arbitration case against the GOE for underpayment (see
Ref A for a discussion of electricity sector underpayment problems
in Ecuador),but is attempting to work out a resolution with the GOE
outside of the arbitral process. Machala Power had planned a second
and third phase of investment that would provide 180 additional
megawatts of low cost electricity to Ecuador, but the investment is
currently on hold pending resolution of the payment dispute.
Moscoso stressed the importance of Machala continuing with its
investment and noted the faster the dispute can be resolved, the
better. However, Moscoso also noted that the GOE does not currently
have the funds to pay Machala and suggested they might offer payment
in government bonds instead. (Note: The prior government had also
suggested payment in bonds. At that time, Machala Power
representatives told the Embassy the company's interest in the
proposal would depend largely on whether it could resell the bonds
and whether it received a premium for accepting the bonds in lieu of
cash.)


6. (SBU) EconCouns asked if the GOE would also develop a plan to
ensure that Machala Power would be fully paid in the future.
Moscoso did not provide a clear response, and instead characterized
the meetings with Machala as being in a "climate of transaction" and
stressed that the GOE wants to come to an agreement with Machala and
end the arbitration proceedings. Machala Power reports the first
ICSID hearing on jurisdiction will be held Monday February 26, and
they will meet again with the GOE following the hearing.


7. (SBU) Regarding the dispute with petroleum company City Oriente
(Ref B),Moscoso noted that since City is a small firm, the GOE
might negotiate a change to City's contract that would exempt them
from the hydrocarbons reform law. Noting that the revisions to the
hydrocarbons law apply to large, production-sharing contracts,
Moscoso suggested that City might be able to migrate to an
oil-service contract or make some other change to acknowledge that
it is essentially a marginal producer. Moscoso noted contractual
changes would be a time-consuming process but can be done, and the
GOE will be holding meetings with City Oriente on the issue.


8. (SBU) Moscoso was unclear about what might happen with contract
renegotiations with non-U.S. companies in the petroleum sector. He
made no indication of how the contracts might change, saying only
that the process still needed to be defined. He noted that contract
renegotiation with petroleum companies will definitely take place,
but stressed it will be a "negotiation" with the companies, implying
that the GOE will not simply impose new requirements.

Possible Changes in the Mining Sector
--------------


9. (SBU) Moscoso stressed the need for a clear policy on mining and
mentioned the possibility of a separate mining ministry to handle
issues in the sector. He stated that the current mining law is a
"disaster for the state" and favors mining companies inordinately.
In addition, he believes the law does not impose strict enough
environmental rules on mining operations. (Comment: Implicit in
Moscoso's comments is that the GOE would seek reforms to the mining
sector to greatly increase the state's share of mining revenue and
to tighten environmental requirements.)

Comment:
--------------


10. (SBU) Paralleling the tone of Energy Minister Acosta (Ref c),
Moscoso appeared to be relatively practical about addressing
problems in the energy sector, noting the importance of foreign
investment and of working with U.S. firms to solve outstanding
investment disputes. The decision to participate in the Oxy
arbitration is a welcome indication that the government will work
with established international procedures and is willing to make
correct but politically difficult decisions. In addition, his
comments regarding contract renegotiation with petroleum companies
suggest the GOE might approach this in an even-handed manner that
will take the concerns of both sides into account. Moscoso appears
to recognize the importance of foreign investment to the energy
sector in Ecuador, and that to encourage this investment the GOE
must abide by its international legal obligations and work
cooperatively with foreign investors. An old government hand (he
was previously a Petroecuador attorney),he commented wryly that
many new administration members are from academia and had espoused
impractical policies, but that "they are learning." Moscoso's
practical approach and government experience may be a positive
influence in the Energy Ministry, but it remains to be seen if his
comments will translate into positive actions.

JEWELL