INL COORDINATOR/DCM TRIP REPORT: TERMEZ AND

UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 TASHKENT 000777

SIPDIS

SENSITIVE
SIPDIS

DEPARTMENT FOR INL/AAE (PRAHAR AND HOOKER) AND SCA/CEN
DEPT OF JUSTICE FOR OPDAT (LEHMAN)
ALMATY FOR SCOTT WALDO

E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: PGOV PREL AF TI UZ
SUBJECT: INL COORDINATOR/DCM TRIP REPORT: TERMEZ AND
SARIOSIYA

REF: TASHKENT 262

SENSITIVE BUT UNCLASSIFIED - PLEASE TREAT ACCORDINGLY.


1. (U) Summary: Visiting INL Coordinator and DCM visited
the Surkhandarya Province for inspection and observation of
border post facilities and procedures. Emboffs assessed the
use of equipment and training provided to Uzbek Customs and
Border Guard officials by USG-funded programs through the
United Nations Office for Drug Control (UNODC) at Afghanistan
and Tajikistan border crossings. Emboffs also observed
established operations for pedestrians, small vehicles and
trucks attempting to enter or exit Uzbekistan. End Summary.

HAIRATON/FRIENDSHIP BRIDGE (UZBEKISTAN/AFGHANISTAN)
-------------- --------------


2. (U) April 3 Site overview: UNODC is in the final process
of completing the Friendship Bridge project. The bridge and
land checkpoints are open and the law enforcement agents
assigned to the post function in a professional manner. The
crossing itself is similar to a typical site at the
U.S.-Mexico border and perhaps surpasses many of our own
border checkpoints in terms of technology. The bridge is
open only during daylight hours and has 45 Customs officers
and slightly fewer Border Guard personnel assigned to it.
Personnel rotate every two to three years, and junior
officers are trained by senior officers upon arrival. Uzbek
personnel speak Uzbek and Russian while a few speak Dari and
Pashto to communicate with Afghan counterparts.


3. (U) Construction of the railway platform near the bridge
was completed in October 2005. The site is in need of a
crane to unload containers from freight cars, since currently
all suspicious containers that are detected must be sent back
to the Termez station for unloading and inspection. One long
cargo train crossed into Afghanistan during our visit. We
saw more than 60 train wagons, including 25 gasoline rail
cars, waiting to enter Afghanistan. Uzbek personnel told us
that three to four cargo trains cross to Afghanistan daily;
no passengers are allowed on these trains; and all staff
employed on the trains are Uzbek.


4. (U) We were not given access to the river port; however,
the UNODC project manager met with port representatives the
day before the visit and was told that it is in need of a
large x-ray machine to scan freight. He was told that most
narcotics trafficking at the crossing is now done by boat.
The Border Guard and Customs representatives denied us access
to the river port since it was not listed in the diplomatic
note requesting permission to visit, but we intend to visit
the site in the near future. Interestingly, the river port
falls under direct control of the regional Border Guard and
Customs offices in Termez, not the Airatom Border Guard and
Customs units.


5. (U) All equipment provided by INL has been delivered and
installed, including the video surveillance equipment,
weighbridges, and forklifts for unloading cargo from trucks.
DTRA WMD portal monitors are also installed at the entry
gates on both sides of the Uzbek bridge checkpoint and appear
operational .


6. (U) Observations: The INL-funded video surveillance
equipment includes 57 cameras, six of which rotate 360
degrees and have zoom capability. The surveillance room is
staffed by a duty officer and contains seven monitors that at
the time of the visit were displaying the pedestrian check,
vehicle check, and the front gate. The information is
recorded digitally and is kept for one month before the
cameras re-record. We saw a long cargo train crossing the
bridge to Afghanistan on the video during the visit.


7. (U) All pedestrians and vehicle passengers who cross the
border enter a screening area that contains two x-ray
machines for luggage. Post representatives reported that
anywhere from 50 to 100 people enter or exit Uzbekistan on a
typical day. Uzbek, Afghan, EU, the occasional AMCIT, and
international organization staff typically cross, with the
majority of individuals being Afghan citizens.


TASHKENT 00000777 002 OF 003



8. (U) Border Guard representatives told us that the
checkpoint has been effective and few individuals currently
attempt to cross with narcotics. The agents recently found
several grams of hashish that someone discarded in the middle
of the bridge outside of the surveillance area before
arriving to the checkpoint.


9. (U) A poster is displayed in the screening area that
lists hashish seizure statistics at the bridge: 1993 ) 1
ton; 1996 ) 4 tons; from 1998 to present, only small amounts
of hashish have been detected. Other posters showed amounts
of humanitarian shipments by country of origin through
Airatom for 2002 and 2003, but no statistics were available
for 2004 and 2005.


10. (U) Post personnel reported that cargo going to
Afghanistan typically consists of humanitarian assistance,
construction material, food, and oil and is shipped primarily
on the railroad. Cargo from Afghanistan is typically fruit
and vegetables ) some of it transshipped from Pakistan - and
is shipped primarily by truck or boat. The railroad cars
typically return empty to Uzbekistan.


11. (U) The vehicle checkpoint contains trenches for
searching underneath trucks. We observed the full search
procedures of a truck, which entailed a canine narcotics
sniffer, partial unloading of the vehicle, and an underneath
search. The vehicle inspection area is equipped with four
sets of CT-30 kits and narcotics test equipment (two sets of
each at entry and two at exit). The buster and fiberscope
that we inspected have clearly been used and had dust and
other residue. Post representatives said that their
personnel had been trained to use the equipment through
search and detection courses.


12. (SBU) Analysis: The Friendship Bridge is an impressive
project, both in terms of infrastructure and technology. The
observed search techniques and canine utilization were
thorough and professional. Now that the bridge and land
checkpoint projects are complete, we should consider focusing
our efforts in Termez on the river port. An Embassy Tashkent
representative should attend the ceremony planned by UNODC
in April (Note: Now postponed. End Note.) to mark the
substantial completion of this multi-donor project and
request to tour the river port prior to arrival. Based on
his/her assessment, INL and the Embassy will consider
allocating a portion of CN pipeline project funding to UNODC
for the purchase of an x-ray machine and other necessary
detection equipment and training for the port.

SARIOSIYA CHECKPOINT (UZBEKISTAN-TAJIKISTAN)
--------------


13. (U) April 4 Site overview: The Sariosiya-Tursunzada
crossing is the most direct way to travel by road from
Tashkent to Dushanbe throughout the year, although this is
still at least a ten hour drive from Tashkent via Termez to
the border. According to Uzbek personnel, approximately
300-400 people cross each day (pedestrians and passengers).
An estimated 10 to 15 trucks transit the post in an average
day. Government bus services crossing the border stopped in
1995 and private bus services in 1998, according to Uzbek
personnel. The railroad crossing is approximately 20 km from
the land crossing and approximately 5-6 cargo trains pass
through in an average day and 2-3 passenger trains each week.
We did not visit the railroad checkpoint. Uzbek personnel
speak Uzbek, Tajik, and Russian.


14. (U) Observations: Sariosiya (Uzbek side) contains a
metal detector that all individuals pass through before going
through passport control. Passport control includes one
booth for entering records into the database. Another window
is used for examining export control documents. The passport
database is updated weekly with the current &black list.8
The database does not store individuals, information, but
rather records the number of people transiting. Information
is saved to CDs when the hard drive is full, but no data is
transferred back to Tashkent.


15. (U) While not as impressive as Termez, the Sariosiya
checkpoint has all the necessary elements of a professional

TASHKENT 00000777 003 OF 003


checkpoint: trenches for underneath truck searches, CT-30
kits containing busters, fiberscopes, and mirrors, four
canines at the land crossing (seven at the railroad) that
were trained in Tashkent. The post has an x-ray machine, but
personnel reported that it is broken. They also reported
that electricity is sporadic and that they are in need of a
more powerful generator. There is no DTRA WMD portal monitor.


16. (U) Most of the people crossing to Uzbekistan are
Tajiks not requiring visas under the Uzbekistan/Tajikistan
bilateral agreement permitting citizens of each other's
country residing in border districts to visit the opposite
border district for short periods without a visa. Uzbek
personnel estimated only 8 to 10 percent of the Tajiks
crossing the border had Uzbek visas. Unlike the
Airatom/Friendship Bridge checkpoint, Sariosiya is open 24/7.
It is particularly busy during national holidays, such as
Navruz, when many families cross to visit relatives on the
other side.


17. (SBU) Analysis: The post is professional and generally
well-equipped, but it is in need of an x-ray machine,
generator, and a forklift for unloading trucks. The Tajik
post is located a short distance away, so communication
generally entails simply walking to speak with their
counterparts on the other side. The Uzbek personnel did not
feel that a communications system with the Tajik side (either
telephone or radios) is necessary since they prefer to walk
the short distance to speak with their counterparts. An
Embassy rep should also visit the railroad crossing to see
checking procedures, as it appears that a substantial number
of passengers and freight also cross via trains, a
traditional means of smuggling narcotics in Central Asia.
PURNELL