EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT: DARFUR "TANTAMOUNT TO

UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 BRUSSELS 004016

SIPDIS

SENSITIVE

DEPARTMENT FOR AF, PRM/AFR, EUR/ERA; DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS
USAID FOR AFR, DCHA AND PPC; NAIROBI FOR REED

E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: PREL PREF PHUM EAID EUN USEU BRUSSELS
SUBJECT: EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT: DARFUR "TANTAMOUNT TO
GENOCIDE"

REF: (A) BRUSSELS 3897 (B) BRUSSELS 3989


1. (U) Summary. In a resolution dated September 16, the
European Parliament (EP) endorsed the U.S. view that events
currently happening in Darfur are "tantamount to genocide."
A multi-party fact-finding mission undertaken September 2 - 7
provided the impetus for the strong statement. The Dutch
Presidency, in addressing the EP, also had tough words for
the Sudanese Government -- including the threat of sanctions
-- but shied away from the genocide label. Both Presidency
and Parliament urged increased and expedited spending to
alleviate human suffering in the region. End Summary.

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Parliament: Clear on Genocide
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2. (U) On September 16, the European Parliament adopted a
strong resolution which condemns the Government of Sudan for
its deliberate support in Darfur of the targeting of
civilians in both villages of origin and centers for
displaced people. The EP urged Sudanese authorities "to end
impunity and to bring to justice immediately the planners and
perpetrators of crimes against humanity, war crimes and human
rights violations, which can be construed as tantamount to
genocide." The resolution also called for the UNSC to
consider a global arms embargo and other targeted sanctions
-- and possibly the use of the International Criminal Court
-- against perpetrators.


3. (U) The tone for the parliamentary debate was set by
fifteen minutes of dramatic images, as well as personal
accounts from several Members of the European Parliament
(MEP) who visited Sudan and Chad at the beginning of
September. The group of MEPs was led by the chairwoman of
the Development Committee, Luisa Morgantini (Italian
Communist),who spoke with alarm about spectacle of extreme
suffering in the camps for displaced people. UK Socialist
Glenys Kinnock said, "What we saw convinced us that we were
witnessing a genocide." Czech Conservative MEP noted, "The
Sudanese Government is not disposed to do any more than the
international community forces it to do." The EP is the
first Parliament in the EU to agree with the U.S. that acts
of genocide are taking place in Darfur. Parliamentarians
voted overwhelmingly in favor of the resolution 566 to 6 (and
16 abstentions).


4. (U) The wording of the resolution and the MEP statements
stand in contrast to the more cautious approach taken in the
Council Conclusions adopted September 13 (reftel a). The
Council conclusions "welcome steps by the UNSG to establish
as soon as possible an international commission of inquiry in
order to immediately investigate all violations of human
rights and humanitarian law in Darfur, and to determine
whether acts of genocide have occurred."


5. (U) The EP resolution (full text emailed to the
Department) also states:
-- Darfur has suffered from persistent underdevelopment and
economic and political marginalization;
-- fighting, including attacks on civilians and
indiscriminate bombing, has resulted in at least 30,000
killings;
-- the Government of Eritrea is arming and training the SLA
and JEM;
-- after the ceasefire was signed on April 8, the GoS
continued to support militias which kill civilians, use
sexual violence against women, loot and harass, and that it
has breached the ceasefire by using rocket helicopters and
fighter jets;
-- all the refugees the delegation met in Chad were from
non-Arab tribes who mistrust the Sudanese authorities and are
afraid to return as long as their security is not guaranteed;
-- the establishment of "safe areas" is questionable;
-- the substantial number of additional ceasefire observers
(not protection forces) are needed, as well as human rights
monitors;
-- Article 48 of Sudan's criminal law should be repealed to
ensure that women who have been raped are able to receive
treatment before or upon reporting the incident and that
police should be training in sexual and gender-based violence
issues; and,
-- the agreement between UNHCR and the Government of Chad to
deploy policemen around the refugee camps to ensure their
security is a positive step.

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Dutch Presidency: International Cooperation, Assistance
Needed
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6. (U) In his speech to the EP on September 14, Council
President Bernard Bot referred to the Sudanese Government's
inability, or possibly unwillingness, to stop the violence in
Darfur. Like the EP resolution, Bot highlighted the active
role of the African Union in the Sudan crisis while
mentioning the need to cooperate closely with other
international players such as the UN, the U.S. and the Arab
League.


7. (U) He outlined the following components of the Dutch
Presidency's plan of action for Sudan:

-- Support the mission of the UN SRSG Pronk: The EU supports
the Action Plan, but sees resolution 1556 as the main
framework to maintain pressure on the GoS. Bot said that
there is recent evidence of continued killings of villages in
Darfur by armed forces. He called for a new, strong UNSC
resolution and said that "the threat of sanctions is the best
means of pressure," noting that the U.S. and EU are in
agreement on this issue.
-- Pressure the GoS and SPLM to conclude the Naivasha peace
process and to conclude the Abuja peace process with the SLM
and JEM: Bot highlighted the benefits that peace in Sudan
could bring not only to Sudanese, but to the region and other
parts of Africa.
-- Enhance Humanitarian Assistance: While highlighting
improvements in terms of access, Bot said that the
humanitarian situation is still critical. The lack of
security is the biggest threat to the people of Darfur. He
said that while the EU has pledged a total of 287.8 million
euros (of which 107 million come from the EC and the balance
from Member States),50 percent of the UN appeal for Darfur
remains unmet. At the EP hearing, Development and
Humanitarian Commissioner Poul Nielson called on Member
States to increase their funding for humanitarian relief
efforts; the EC has contributed 47% of the EU total (whereas
their target for any crisis is 20% of the total). The EP
resolution also stressed the need for rapid disbursement of
these funds.

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Comment
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8. (SBU) As one European Commission official who participated
in the EP fact-finding mission put it -- the value-added of
the MEPs is that they can say what many others are thinking,
but cannot express publicly. From the overwhelming support
the EP resolution received from MEPs, the Darfur issue
reaches across the political and public spectrum in Europe as
much as it does in the U.S. From a transatlantic point of
view, Darfur also provides an excellent example of
cooperation and common thinking (reftel b).

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SCHNABEL