WFP REVIEW OF 2002 GLOBAL FOOD AID FLOWS

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TAGS: EAID EAGR AORC PREF KUNR WFP UN
SUBJECT: WFP REVIEW OF 2002 GLOBAL FOOD AID FLOWS


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SUMMARY
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1. WFP has just released a report on Global Food Aid
deliveries in 2002 entitled "2002 Food Aid Flows, May 2003."
The trends by geographic region are highlighted below. The
data clearly reveals that the United States, which provided
64 percent of all global food aid and 50 percent of all
emergency food assistance this past year, is by far the
world's leader in food assistance. Yet deliveries by the
European Commission (all categories),decreased from 960,000
metric tons in 2001 to 570,000 mts in 2002. Deliveries by
most European countries also decreased, with the exception
of Germany, Italy and The Netherlands. Facing continuing
real needs and growing shortfalls (particularly in
emergencies),the time appears once again opportune for a
revitalization of efforts on both sides of the Atlantic to
move beyond our differences in outlook and perspective on
food aid. End summary.

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Regional analysis - Sub-Saharan Africa
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2. Sub-Saharan Africa received some 3 million tons of food
aid in 2002, about 31 percent of world-wide deliveries. 58
percent of the food assistance to the region was delivered
through multilateral channels, 31 percent through non-
governmental organizations (NGOs) and 11 percent on a
bilateral basis. Less than two percent was provided in the
form of consessional sales. Main recipients were: Ethiopia,
400,000 metric tons (mts); Angola, 240,000 mts; Zimbabwe,
220,000 mts; Malawi, 200,000 mts; Kenya, 190,000 mts;
Eritrea, 180,000 mts; Mozambique, 170,000 mts; and Sudan,
140,000 mts. The main donors were the United States (64
percent),the European Union (Commission and Member States)
(21 percent) and Japan (7 percent). WFP delivered 83 percent
of the emergency food aid provided to sub-Saharan Africa in

2002.

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Latin America and Caribbean region
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3. Latin America and the Caribbean received 1.18 million
tons of food assistance in 2002. 53 percent was channeled
through NGOs, 39 percent was provided bilaterally and 8
percent multilaterally. Of the food aid delivered to the
region, 74 percent was sold on the market; twenty percent of
the deliveries were direct consessional sales. The main
recipient countries were: Guatemala (250,000 mts; Peru,
240,000 mts; and Haiti, 180,000 mts. Other important
recipents were Bolivia, El Salvador and Ecuador. The major
donors were the United States (91 percent),Commission and
member states of the EU (6 percent),and Japan and Canada
(one percent each). WFP delivered 50 percent of the
emergency food aid and 11 percent of the project food
assistance.

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Asia
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4. Food aid deliveries to Asia amounted to 3.7 million tons
in 2002, 39 percent of global deliveries, of which 2.16
million mts was for emergency relief. DPR Korea was the main
recipient country (1.2 million mts) followed by:
Afghanistan, 530,000 mts; Pakistan, 440,000 mts; India,
310,000 mts; Philippines, 270,000 mts; Indonesia, 270,000

mts; and Bangladesh, 260,000 mts. The major donors were the
United States (50 percent),the Republic of Korea (12
percent),China (9 percent),Commission and member states of
the EU (9 percent),Australia (7 percent) and Japan and
Canada (three percent each). WFP delivered 56 percent of the
emergency food aid and 31 percent of the project food
assistance.
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Eastern Europe and Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
countries
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5. The deliveries to Eastern Europe and Commonwealth of
Independent States (CIS) countries in 2002 amounted to
970,000 mts, 10 percent of global food deliveries. Emergency
and project food assistance together accounted for 69
percent of overall deliveries. 40 percent of the food aid
was channeled through NGOs, 31 percent was provided
multilaterally and 29 percent bilaterally. The main
recipient countries were: Tajikistan (200,000 mts;
Uzbekistan, 200,000 mts; and Bosnia and Herzegovina, 100,000
mts. Other recipient countries included the Russian
Federation, Kyrgzstan, Georgia and Albania. The major donors
were the United States (82 percent),and the Commission and
member states of the EU (15 percent). WFP delivered 86
percent of the emergency food aid, but was not involved in
project (development) assistance.

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Middle East and North Africa
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6. Food aid deliveries to the countries of the Middle East
and North Africa in 2002 amounted to 750,000 metric tons,
eight percent of global deliveries. Emergency and project
food aid together represented 59 percent of deliveries. 41
percent of the food assistance to the region was provided
bilaterally, 36 percent through NGOs and 23 percent
multilaterally. The major donors were the United States (72
percent),Germany (6 percent),European Commission (5
percent),and France and Italy (three percent each). The
main recipient countries were: Jordan (220,000 mts; the
Palestinian Territories, 180,000 mts; Yemen and Lebanon,
120,000 mts each. WFP delivered 42 percent of the emergency
food aid and 23 percent of the project food assistance.

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Other salient food aid facts in 2002
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7. Other highlights of the report are as follows:

- The United States provided 64 percent of all
global food aid and 50 percent of all emergency food
assistance;
- The EC and its member states provided 14 percent
of all global food aid and 19 percent of overall emergency
food aid in 2002;
- Deliveries by the European Commission (all
categories) decreased from 960,000 metric tons in 2001 to
570,000 mts in 2002. Of this total, 365,039 mts were for
emergency relief, 64,431 mts for project development aid,
and 143,199 mts were donated bilaterally. Deliveries by most
European countries also decreased, with the exception of
Germany, Italy and The Netherlands;
- WFP delivered 68 percent of world-wide emergency
food aid in 2002;
- About 18 percent of emergency food aid provided in
2002 was procured through local purchases or triangular

purchases;
- 88 percent of global food aid in 2002 was on full
grant terms (8.4 million tons),while 12 percent (1.2
million tons were provided on consessional terms, largely by
the United States and the Republic of Korea;
- Of the 9.6 million tons of commodities
constituting food assistance in 2002, about one million tons
were procured in developing countries; and finally,
- 99 percent of global food assistance (some 9.5
million tons) in 2002 went to developing countries of which
8 million tons (83 percent went to low-income, food-
deficient countries.

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Comment
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8. Globally, there is an increasing trend to use food aid to
target people rather than providing import substitutions. 10
percent of global food aid is now purchased in developing
countries. Targeted food aid flows in both emergency and
development settings are now driven more by case-by-case
assessment of the urgency of human problems and are
increasingly provided on a multilateral basis or through
NGOs. WFP is the dominant player in the delivery of
worldwide emergency food aid (68 percent in 2002); this
percentage will only increase in 2003 given WFP's essential
role in the Iraq humanitarian response.


9. Facing continuing real needs and growing shortfalls
(particularly in emergencies),and a further decline in
deliveries by the EC in 2002, the time appears opportune for
a revitalization of efforts on both sides of the Atlantic to
move beyond our differences in outlook and perspective on
food aid. Hall
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2003ROME02716 - Classification: UNCLASSIFIED