Identifier
Created
Classification
Origin
02KINSHASA793
2002-04-03 15:09:00
CONFIDENTIAL
Embassy Kinshasa
Cable title:  

LAURENT D. KABILA ASSASSINATION TRIAL SCENESETTER

Tags:  PGOV PINR PHUM PREL 
pdf how-to read a cable
P 031509Z APR 02
FM AMEMBASSY KINSHASA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2311
INFO RWANDA COLLECTIVE
SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 03 KINSHASA 000793 

E.O. 12958: DECL: 03/25/2007
TAGS: PGOV PINR PHUM PREL
SUBJECT: LAURENT D. KABILA ASSASSINATION TRIAL SCENESETTER

REF: A. KINSHASA 640

B. 2001 KINSHASA 02939

C. 2001 BRUSSELS 05930

CLASSIFIED BY: CLASSIFIED BY POLOFF LAURA ENGELBRECHT, REASONS 1.5 B & D

C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 03 KINSHASA 000793

E.O. 12958: DECL: 03/25/2007
TAGS: PGOV PINR PHUM PREL
SUBJECT: LAURENT D. KABILA ASSASSINATION TRIAL SCENESETTER

REF: A. KINSHASA 640

B. 2001 KINSHASA 02939

C. 2001 BRUSSELS 05930

CLASSIFIED BY: CLASSIFIED BY POLOFF LAURA ENGELBRECHT, REASONS 1.5 B & D


1. (C) SUMMARY: THE LONG-AWAITED TRIAL OF THE 116
SUSPECTS IN THE ASSASSINATION OF THE LATE PRESIDENT LAURENT
DESIRE KABILA BEGAN ON THE MORNING OF APRIL 3. ON MARCH 20,
THE GENERAL PROSECUTOR PUBLICLY READ THE CHARGES (IN THE
PRESENCE OF THE DEFENDANTS, THEIR LAWYERS, AND THE PUBLIC) AT
MAKALA PRISON. SEVERAL HIGH PROFILE DEFENDANTS (EDDY KAPEND,
GENERAL YAV, RASHIDI'S WIDOW, THE MASASU GROUP) GENERATED THE
MOST INTEREST. OF PARTICULAR INTEREST TO THE U.S., FORMER
ANR CHIEF LETA MANGASA IS CHARGED WITH BEING IN SECRET
CONTACT WITH THE CIA STATION CHIEF IN KINSHASA BETWEEN JULY
2000 AND JANUARY 16, 2001, IN ORDER TO "FAVOR UNDERTAKINGS OF
THE (U.S.),NOTABLY SUPPORT TO REBEL FORCES AGAINST THE DRC."
FROM A HUMAN RIGHTS AND DUE PROCESS PERSPECTIVE, THE LDK
ASSASSINATION TRIAL IS DEEPLY FLAWED. NEVERTHELESS, THAT THE
TRIAL IS FINALLY BEGINNING, IS AN IMPROVEMENT ON INDEFINITE
INCARCERATION. SEPTEL WILL REPORT DEVELOPMENTS AS THE TRIAL
PROGRESSES. END SUMMARY.

GENERAL INFO ABOUT THE CHARGES
--------------


2. (U) ON MARCH 20, GENERAL PROSECUTOR COLONEL CHARLES
ALAMBA MUNGAKO FORMALLY PRESENTED WRITTEN CHARGES AGAINST 116
SUSPECTS WHO HAVE BEEN DETAINED FOR OVER A YEAR IN RELATION
TO THE ASSASSINATION OF LAURENT DESIRE KABILA,(REPORTED REF
A). (NOTE: THE COURT ANNOUNCED THERE WERE 135 DEFENDANTS,
BUT HUMAN RIGHTS NGOS AND LAWYERS SAY THE LIST DUPLICATES
SEVERAL PEOPLE, AND THEY BELIEVE THERE ARE ACTUALLY ONLY 116
INDIVIDUALS.) OF THE 116 DEFENDANTS, MOST ARE FROM THE
MILITARY AND INTELLIGENCE SERVICES. AN NGO CONTACT COUNTED
16 CIVILIANS. THE TRIAL BEGINS APRIL 3 UNDER THE
JURISDICTION OF THE MILITARY COURT (COM),WITH GENERAL NAWEL
MUKONGO AS THE PRESIDING JUDGE ("PRESIDENT OF THE COURT").
AFTER BEING DETAINED OVER A YEAR WITHOUT ACCESS TO LAWYERS
(ALTHOUGH THE GOVERNMENT HAS ALLOWED REGULAR INTERNATIONAL
COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS VISITS),LAWYERS HAD ONLY TWO
WEEKS TO PREPARE THEIR CASES.


3. (U) IN ROUGHLY HALF OF THE CASES, CHARGES WERE MADE ON
AN INDIVIDUAL BASIS; THE REST OF THE DEFENDANTS WERE CHARGED

IN A GROUP OF 40 AND A GROUP OF 19. IN GENERAL, THE CHARGES
WERE QUITE REPETITIVE. SOME OF THE MOST COMMON WERE: 1)
ABANDONMENT OF POST (FOR THE BODYGUARDS AND SOLDIERS),2)
PRIOR KNOWLEDGE OR FAILURE TO INFORM THE PRESIDENT OF A PLOT
(ANR/NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY FIGURES),3) FACILITATION
OF THE ESCAPE OF KEY DEFENDANTS, 4) KILLING OF ASSASSINATION
SUSPECTS, AND 5) MEMBERSHIP IN THE MASASU GROUP (SEE PARA 5).

SOME OF THE KEY PLAYERS
--------------


4. (C) AS REPORTED IN REFTELS B AND C, THERE ARE SEVERAL
THEORIES AS TO THE IDENTITY AND MOTIVATION OF LDK'S
ASSASSINATION PLOTTERS. WITHOUT DELVING INTO THE VERACITY OF
THESE THEORIES, THERE ARE SEVERAL KEY PLAYERS WHO WILL
DOMINATE THE FOCUS OF THE TRIALS:

-- RASHIDI'S FAMILY: RASHIDI MIZELE ALLEGEDLY KILLED
PRESIDENT KABILA, AND WAS ALLEGEDLY KILLED BY COLONEL EDDY
KAPEND. RASHIDI'S WIFE, LADY NABINTU, WAS ARRESTED AND HAS
BEEN IN JAIL WITH HER CHILD (NOW 2 YEARS OLD, SHE HAD A
SECOND CHILD WHILE IN JAIL) DURING THE PAST YEAR. SHE IS
CHARGED AS A MEMBER OF THE MASASU GROUP. HER LAWYER TOLD
POLOFF THAT THE 2-YEAR-OLD, AIME, WAS CLUBBED BY GLM SOLDIERS
AND SUFFERS FROM MENTAL PROBLEMS (HE IS REPORTEDLY
TRAUMATIZED WHENEVER HE SEES A SOLDIER IN UNIFORM).

-- COLONEL EDDY KAPEND: KAPEND WAS PRESIDENT KABILA'S
PERSONAL BODYGUARD AND AIDE-DE-CAMP. AFTER ALLEGEDLY KILLING
RASHIDI, KAPEND WENT ON NATIONAL TV TO URGE THE POPULATION TO
STAY CALM AND TO GIVE INSTRUCTIONS TO THE ARMY'S SENIOR
LEADERSHIP TO MOVE TROOPS TO SECURE THE AIRPORT, ETC...
KAPEND'S ALLEGED KILLING OF RASHIDI RATHER THAN TAKING HIM
PRISONER, AND HIS "TAKE-OVER" BEHAVIOR AFTER LDK'S DEATH, HAS
FED THE SPECULATION THAT KAPEND WAS IN COLLUSION WITH
RASHIDI. KAPEND IS REPRESENTED BY SEVERAL LAWYERS. HE IS
FACES MANY CHARGES, INCLUDING KILLING RASHIDI AND GIVING
ORDERS TO HIS MILITARY SUPERIORS (REFERENCE TO HIS TV
APPEARANCES AND OTHER INSTRUCTIONS). (NOTE: IT IS NOT CLEAR
IF KAPEND IS CHARGED WITH TREASON BY REASON OF ATTEMPTING A
COUP. GIVING ORDERS TO S SUPERIOR IS HARDLY A SERIOUS
CRIMINAL ACT.)

-- GENERAL YAV NAWEJ: IN THE CONFUSION IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE
ASSASSINATION, NAWEJ ALLEGEDLY ROUNDED UP AND EXECUTED 11
LEBANESE SUSPECTED OF INVOLVEMENT IN THE PLOT (THE CHARGES
ALLEGE THAT HE DID THIS ON ORDERS FROM KAPEND). HE IS
CHARGED WITH MURDERING THE LEBANESE AND WITH OBEYING ORDERS
FROM KAPEND, A MORE JUNIOR OFFICER, PERHAPS AS A
CO-CONSPIRATOR IN KAPEND'S ATTEMPTED COUP D'ETAT.

-- MAJOR KAMWANYA BORA, GEORGES MIRINDI, AND JOHN BAHATI:
MIRINDI AND BAHATI WERE CLOSE ASSOCIATES AND ALLEGED
CO-CONSPIRATORS OF RASHIDI (SEE REF B). MAJOR BORA WAS A
CLOSE ASSOCIATE OF COMMANDANT MASASU. ALL THREE ESCAPED
PRISON SOON AFTER THE ASSASSINATION AND ARE SAID TO BE IN
BELGIUM. THE TWO WIVES OF MAJOR BORA, MASUMBUKO MWALI ANNE
MARIE AND KAMUANYA BEYA ROSETTE, HAVE BEEN IN PRISON THIS
LAST YEAR AND WERE CHARGED WITH FACILITATING THE ESCAPE OF
BORA BY BRIBING GUARDS. (NOTE: POLOFF HAS HEARD REPORTS THAT
MIRINDI'S AND/OR BAHATI'S WIVES MAY ALSO IN PRISON, BUT THEY
ARE NOT DEFENDANTS IN THIS TRIAL.)

-- NELLY TWITE: TWITE WAS PRESIDENT KABILA'S PRIVATE
SECRETARY, AND ALLEGEDLY LETA'S GIRLFRIEND. SHE IS CHARGED
WITH FAILING TO INFORM THE PRESIDENT ABOUT THE SUBSTANCE OF
AN ANR REPORT ON THREATS TO HIS SAFETY.

THE MASASU GROUP
--------------


5. (C) COMMANDANT ANSELME MASASU WAS CONVICTED OF
COUP-PLOTTING AGAINST LAURENT KABILA AND EXECUTED ON NOVEMBER
24, 2000. BEFORE THEIR FALLING OUT, MASASU WAS A FOUNDER OF
THE AFDL. MASASU WAS A MUSHI (SINGULAR - PLURAL FOR THE
ETHNIC GROUP IS BASHI) FROM SOUTH KIVU. HE HAD A FOLLOWING
IN THE ARMY AMONG THE BASHI AND THE "KADOGOS" (CHILD
SOLDIERS) HE RECRUITED FROM SOUTH KIVU. AFTER HIS DEATH,
HUNDREDS OF KADOGOS WERE EXECUTED OR ARRESTED, AND IT IS
COMMONLY THOUGHT THAT LDK'S ASSASSINATION WAS REVENGE OR
SIMPLY TO "FINISH THE JOB" MASASU ATTEMPTED UNSUCCESSFULLY
(REF B). ON THE OTHER HAND, IT IS QUITE POSSIBLE THAT LDK'S
ASSASSINS HAD DIFFERENT MOTIVES (REF C) AND LITTLE OR NO
CONNECTION TO THE MASASU GROUP.


6. (C) THE DEFENDENTS INCLUDE TWO GROUPS THAT ARE CHARGED
GENERALLY WITH BEING PART OF THE MASASU GROUP: 1) A "GROUP OF
19" WHO ARE BASHI AND WERE AGENTS OF ANR IN SOUTH KIVU, AND
2) 39 PERSONS (MOSTLY BASHI OR FROM OTHER SOUTH KIVU ETHNIC
GROUPS) CHARGED VAGUELY WITH "CONNECTIONS TO GENERAL MASASU."
RASHIDI'S WIDOW, LADY NABINTU, IS CHARGED WITH BEING IN
GENERAL MASASU'S GROUP. (NOTE: SINCE SHE IS MUSHI, THIS IS A
CONVENIENT CHARGE; THE COURT CANNOT LEGALLY HOLD HER SIMPLY
BECAUSE SHE WAS MARRIED TO LDK'S ASSASSIN.)


7. (C) CURIOUSLY, JOSEPH KABILA ALLEGEDLY MAINTAINS CONTACT
WITH THE MASASU FAMILY. POLOFF MET WITH PERE ITOLO, AN
ITALIAN PRIEST AND LONG-TIME CONTACT OF THE ICRC. APPARENTLY
THE MASASU FAMILY HAS BEEN PART OF PERE ITOLO'S PARISH FOR
YEARS, AND HE HAS BEEN CARING FOR THEM SINCE COMMANDANT
MASASU'S EXECUTION. ITOLO TOLD POLOFF THAT JOSEPH KABILA AND
CMDT MASASU FOUGHT IN THE AFDL SIDE-BY-SIDE AND BEEN CLOSE
COMRADES; JOSEPH KABILA ALSO ALLEGEDLY HAD AN AFFAIR WITH
MASASU'S SISTER. PERE ITOLO GAVE POLOFF A DOCUMENT DATED
SEPTEMBER 17, 1998, SIGNED BY MAJOR GENERAL JOSEPH KABILA,
GIVING THE MASASU FAMILY THE RIGHT TO OCCUPY A HOUSE IN
KINSHASA THAT HAD BEEN SEIZED AS "BIENS MAL ACQUIS."
ACCORDING TO ITOLO, RELATIONS BETWEEN JOSEPH KABILA AND THE
MASASU FAMILY CONTINUED EVEN AFTER COMMANDANT MASASU'S
EXECUTION. ON JANUARY 8, 2002, THE MASASU FAMILY RECEIVED A
LETTER FROM THE MINISTER OF INTERIOR GIVING THEM PERMISSION
TO LEAVE KINSHASA AND RETURN TO BUKAVU (BY MONUC TRANSPORT).
ODDLY, THIS LETTER (WHICH WAS DATED OCTOBER 2, 2001) ARRIVED
TWO DAYS AFTER THE ARREST OF JUSTIN NINDAGA (THE BROTHER OF
MASASU),WHO IS STILL BEING HELD. PERE ITOLO SAID THE FAMILY
WILL NOT LEAVE KINSHASA WITHOUT NINDAGA. PERE ITOLO SAID
MASASU'S MOTHER (CONSOLATE MUKUZO, AGED 51) DIED RECENTLY "OF
A BROKEN HEART" AND THAT JOSEPH KABILA PRIVATELY SENT $300 IN
CASH TO HELP PAY FOR HER FUNERAL.

LETA - CHARGED WITH CONNECTION TO THE CIA
--------------


8. (C) IN ANOTHER ODD TWIST, FORMER CHIEF OF THE NATIONAL
INTELLIGENCE AGENCY (ANR) LETA MANGASA WAS CHARGED WITH
VARIOUS CRIMES INVOLVING THE CIA. THESE CHARGES HAVE SO FAR
RECEIVED LITTLE ATTENTION IN THE CONGOLESE PRESS. THE
SECTIONS OF THE CHARGES RELATING TO THE U.S. ARE QUOTED AS
FOLLOWS:

LETA MANGASA IS CHARGED WITH ...

-- "HAVING DIRECTLY CAUSED THE ATTACK COMMITTED AGAINST THE
LIFE OF THE HEAD OF STATE... NOTABLY BY REFRAINING FROM
COMMUNICATING TO THE HEAD OF STATE AS PART OF HIS DUTIES...
THE SYNTHESIS OF THE SECURITY SERVICE MEMOS RELATING TO
THREATS OF ATTACKS AGAINST HIS LIFE, RECEIVED FROM THE CIA
CHIEF OF STATION IN CENTRAL AFRICA RESIDING IN THE DRC."

-- "HAVING MAINTAINED INTELLIGENCE WITH A FOREIGN POWER OR
WITH ITS AGENTS TO FAVOR DEEDS OF THE POWER AGAINST THE DRC.
IN THIS CASE, IN KINSHASA, ...IN THE PERIOD BETWEEN JULY 2000
AND JANUARY 16, 2001, WHILE KNOWING THE ROLE PLAYED BY THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA IN THE AGGRESSION BEFALLING THE DRC,
MAINTAINED SECRET CONTACTS WITH THE CIA CHIEF OF STATION IN
CENTRAL AFRICA RESIDING IN KINSHASA TO FAVOR UNDERTAKINGS OF
THE POWER, NOTABLY SUPPORT TO REBEL FORCES AGAINST THE DRC."

HUMAN RIGHTS ASPECTS
--------------


9. (C) ON THE POSITIVE SIDE, THE TRIAL IS FINALLY GETTING
UNDER WAY. IT IS OPEN TO THE PRESS AND OTHER OBSERVERS
(LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL). THE DEFENDANTS HAVE ACCESS TO
LAWYERS AND THE CHARGES HAVE BEEN READ PUBLICLY.


10. (C) HOWEVER, THE TRIAL IS FRAUGHT WITH DUE PROCESS
PROBLEMS. SEVERAL CIVILIANS ARE BEING TRIED IN THE MILITARY
COURT SYSTEM (COM). MOST PRISONERS WERE HELD WITHOUT CHARGES
IN HORRIBLE CONDITIONS AND WITHOUT ACCESS TO LAWYERS FOR OVER
A YEAR. THE LAWYERS HAD ONLY TWO WEEKS TO PREPARE THEIR
CASES. ONE OF EDDY KAPEND'S LAWYERS REPORTED THAT
CONSULTATION OF HER CLIENT'S FILES MUST TAKE PLACE IN
MILITARY PRESENCE AND UNDER THEIR CLOSE SCRUTINY. THE "GROUP
CHARGES" AGAINST THOSE IN THE MASASU GROUP DO NOT AFFORD
INDIVIDUALS THE OPPORTUNITY TO PROVE THEMSELVES INNOCENT.
FINALLY, THERE IS A STRONG BELIEF IN KINSHASA THAT THESE
DEFENDANTS WILL BE JUDGED BASED ON THEIR ETHNICITY.


11. (C) POLOFF RECENTLY SPOKE TO MINISTER OF HUMAN RIGHTS
NTUMBA LUABA, URGING HIM TO SUPPORT A FAIR TRIAL AND LIVABLE
CONDITIONS FOR THE PRISONERS, ESPECIALLY FOR THE WOMEN AND
CHILDREN. NTUMBA TOLD POLOFF THAT THE WIVES OF KEY FIGURES
FACE FORMAL CHARGES, SO HE WAS UNABLE TO ADVOCATE RELEASE.
HE ADMITTED THAT MOST PEOPLE THINK THAT THEY ARE ONLY BEING
HELD BECAUSE OF THEIR HUSBANDS' ACTIONS. HE SAID HE HAD
PERSONALLY VISITED EACH OF THE FOUR WOMEN AND THAT THEY WERE
IN LIVABLE CONDITIONS (TWO ARE IN PAVILION 1 AND TWO ARE IN
THE WOMEN'S SECTION OF MAKALA PRISON).

COMMENT
--------------


13. (C) POST WILL CONTINUE TO FOLLOW THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
LDK ASSASSINATION TRIAL, ESPECIALLY FROM A HUMAN RIGHTS ANGLE
AND CONCERNING ANY ALLEGATIONS AGAINST THE U.S. POLOF IS
ATTENDING THE APRIL 3 TRAIL OPENING AND WILL REPORT ON
DEVELOPMENTS AS THE TRIAL PROGRESSES.


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